Pacific Island Ecosystems at Risk (PIER)
Report on invasive plant species in Palau
Appendix 4. Invasive species of environmental concern by location
Table 1. Invasive species of environmental concern present on Koror, Ngerkebesang and Malakal
|
Scientific name |
Common Names (abridged) |
Family |
Habit |
Locations |
||
| *Acacia auriculiformis | Papuan wattle, auri, earleaf acacia, northern black wattle, ear-pod wattle | Fabaceae | tree | Koror, Malakal, Ngerkebesang | ||
| *Acacia confusa | Formosa koa, Formosa acacia, ianángi (Palau), yanangi (Palau) | Fabaceae | tree | Koror, Malakal, Ngerkebesang | ||
| Adenanthera pavonina | coral bean tree, red sandalwood tree, red bead tree, lopa, bead tree, false wiliwili, telengtúngd (Palau), telentundalel (Palau)) | Fabaceae | tree | Koror, Malakal, Ngerkebesang | ||
| *Agave sp. | American aloe, century plant | Agavaceae | succulent | Koror, Ngerkebesang | ||
| *Albizia lebbeck | siris-tree, rain tree, East Indian walnut, kokko, woman's-tongue tree, ukall ra ngebard (Palau) | Fabaceae | tree | Koror | ||
| yellow trumpet vine, golden trumpet, allamanda, brownbud allamanda, golden allamanda, golden cup | Apocynaceae | vine | Koror, Malakal, Ngerkebesang | |||
| red ginger | Zingiberaceae | herb | Koror, Malakal, Ngerkebesang | |||
| Alternanthera brasiliana | Brazilian joyweed, Joseph’s coat | Amaranthaceae | herb | Koror, Malakal, Ngerkebesang | ||
| Antigonon leptopus | Mexican creeper, mountain rose, Confederate vine, chain-of-love, hearts on a chain, love-vine, coral bells, coral vine, dilngau (Palau) | Polygonaceae | vine | Koror | ||
| Arundo donax | giant reed, Spanish reed, wild cane | Poaceae | grass | Koror | ||
| *Asparagus densiflorus | asparagus fern, sprengeri fern, smilax, regal fern | Liliaceae | herb | Koror, Ngerkebesang | ||
| *Asystasia gangetica subsp. gangetica | Chinese violet, Philippine violet, coromandel | Acanthaceae | herb | Koror, Malakal, Ngerkebesang | ||
|
Bambusa
spp. †(B. atra, B. blumeana, B. vulgaris) |
bamboo, bambuu (Palau), esel (Palau) | Poaceae | tree | Koror, Malakal, Ngerkebesang | ||
| *Bauhinia acuminata | dwarf white bauhinia | Fabaceae | tree | Koror | ||
| *Bauhinia monandra | orchid-tree, St. Thomas-tree, Napoleon's plume | Fabaceae | tree | Koror | ||
| *Bauhinia purpurea | purple orchid tree; purple butterfly tree | Fabaceae | tree | Koror | ||
| Bothriochloa bladhii | blue grass, Australian beardgrass, Caucasian bluestem, desum (Palau) | Poaceae | grass | Koror, Malakal, Ngerkebesang | ||
| Bryophyllum pinnatum | life plant, air plant, resurrection plant, Canterbury bells, cathedral bells, Mexican love plant | Crassulaceae | succulent | Koror (cult.), Malakal, Ngerkebesang (cult.) | ||
| *Calliandra haematocephala | red powder puff | Fabaceae | shrub | Koror | ||
| Calopogonium mucunoides | calopo | Fabaceae | vine | Koror, Malakal, Ngerkebesang | ||
| *Calotropis gigantea | calotrope, crown flower, madar | Ascelepiadaceae | shrub | Koror, Ngerkebesang | ||
| *Canna indica | canna, canna lily, Indian shot | Cannaceae | herb | Koror, Malakal, Ngerkebesang | ||
| **Casuarina equisetifolia | casuarina, ironwood, Australian pine, she-oak, horsetail tree, beefwood, agas (Palau), agasu (Palau), ngas (Palau), ngasu (Palau) | Casuarinaceae | tree | Koror, Malakal, Ngerkebesang | ||
| *Ceiba pentandra | kapok, kapok tree, silk-cotton tree, kalngebard (Palau), kalngebárd (Palau), kerrekar ngebard (Palau) | Bombacaceae | tree | Koror, Malakal | ||
| Cenchrus brownii | burr grass, burr grass, sand-bur, slimbristle sandbur | Poaceae | grass | Malakal | ||
| burr grass, sand-bur, southern sandbur | Poaceae | grass | Koror, Ngerkebesang | |||
| centro, butterfly-pea | Fabaceae | vine | Koror, Malakal | |||
| †Chamaecrista mimosoides | Japanese tea | Fabaceae | herb | Koror, Ngerkebesang | ||
| Chamaecrista nictitans | partridge pea, Japanese tea senna | Fabaceae | shrub | Koror, Malakal | ||
| swollen fingergrass | Poaceae | grass | Koror, Malakal, Ngerkebesang | |||
| plush-grass, radiate fingergrass | Poaceae | grass | Koror | |||
| Siam weed, triffid weed, bitter bush, Jack in the bush, ngesngesil (Palau) | Asteraceae | shrub | Koror, Malakal, Ngerkebesang | |||
| **Chrysopogon aciculatus | Mackie's pest, lovegrass, seed grass, golden beardgrass, iul (Palau) | Poaceae | grass | Koror | ||
| Clerodendrum buchananii var. fallax | red clerodendrum, pagoda-flower, butcherechár (Palau), butecherechar (Palau) | Lamiaceae | shrub | Koror, Malakal, Ngerkebesang | ||
| pagoda plant, pagoda flower, butcherechár (Palau), butecherechar (Palau) | Lamiaceae | shrub | Koror, Malakal, Ngerkebesang | |||
| bronze-leaved clerodendrum, kleuang (Palau) | Lamiaceae | shrub | Koror, Ngerkebesang | |||
| Koster’s curse, soap bush, kui (Palau), kúi (Palau) | Melastomataceae | shrub | Malakal | |||
| Clitoria ternatea | butterfly pea, Asian pigeonwings, kles (Palau) | Fabaceae | vine | Koror, Malakal, Ngerkebesang | ||
| *Coffea arabica | coffee, kohi (Palau) | Rubiaceae | tree | Koror | ||
| Commelina diffusa | commelina, dayflower, wandering Jew, spiderwort | Commelinaceae | herb | Koror, Malakal | ||
| *Cryptostegia madagascariensis | Madagascar rubbervine | Asclepiadaceae | vine | Koror | ||
| Cynodon dactylon | Bermuda grass, giant Bermuda grass, bahama grass, devil's grass, couch grass, Indian doab, grama, devilgrass, couchgrass, balama grass | Poaceae | grass | Koror, Malakal, Ngerkebesang | ||
| *Cyperus involucratus | umbrella sedge, umbrella plant, dwarf papyrus grass, deus (Palau) | Cyperaceae | sedge | Koror | ||
| Cyperus rotundus | nut grass, nutsedge, purple nutsedge, cocograss | Cyperaceae | sedge | Koror, Malakal, Ngerkebesang | ||
| Derris elliptica | derris | Fabaceae | vine | Koror, Malakal, Ngerkebesang | ||
| Desmanthus virgatus | slender mimosa, virgate mimosa | Fabaceae | shrub | Koror, Malakal, Ngerkebesang | ||
| Desmodium tortuosum | Florida beggarweed, Spanish clover, dixie ticktrefoil | Fabaceae | herb | Koror | ||
| dieffenbachia, dumb cane | Araceae | herb | Koror, Malakal (cult.), Ngerkebesang (cult.) | |||
| Henry's crabgrass, smooth crabgrass, tropical crab grass, large crab grass, southern crabgrass, fingergrass, summer grass | Poaceae | grass | Koror, Malakal, Ngerkebesang | |||
| Dissotis rotundifolia | dissotis, Spanish shawl, pink lady | Melastomataceae | herb | Koror | ||
| *Eichhornia crassipes | water hyacinth, bung el ralm (Palau) | Pontederiaceae | aquatic herb | Koror, Ngerkebesang | ||
| goosegrass, wiregrass, goose foot, crow's foot, bullgrass, deskim(Palau), kelelamalk (Palau), keteketarmalk (Palau) | Poaceae | grass | Koror, Malakal, Ngerkebesang | |||
| pothos, money plant | Araceae | vine | Koror (cult.), Malakal, Ngerkebesang | |||
| Falcataria moluccana | Molucca albizia, ukall ra ngebard (Palau) | Fabaceae | tree | Koror | ||
| *Ficus elastica | India rubber tree, rubber plant, komunokí (Palau) | Moraceae | tree | Koror, Malakal, Ngerkebesang | ||
| *Flemingia macrophylla | Fabaceae | tree | Koror | |||
| Flemingia strobilifera | luck plant, wild hops, besungelaiei (Palau) | Fabaceae | shrub | Koror, Ngerkebesang | ||
| *Gliricidia sepium | mother of cacao, quickstick, Mexican lilac, rechesengel (Palau) | Fabaceae | tree | Koror, Ngerkebesang | ||
| **Gmelina ellilptica | kalngebard ra belau (Palau) | Lamiaceae | shrub | Malakal | ||
| Hedychium coronarium | white ginger, butterfly lily, ginger lily, garland flower | Zingiberaceae | herb | Koror, Ngerkebesang (cult.) | ||
|
*Heliconia spp. †( H. latispatha, H. psittacorum) |
heliconia, parrot's-flower, parrot's-plantain, crab claw, lobster claw | Heliconiaceae | herb | Koror, Malakal, Ngerkebesang | ||
| Hemigraphis alternata | metal leaf; red ivy | Acanthaceae | herb | Koror, Malakal, Ngerkebesang | ||
| *†Hevea brasiliensis | hevea, Brazilian rubber tree, Para rubber tree | Euphorbiaceae | tree | Koror? | ||
| Hyptis capitata | knobweed | Lamiaceae | herb | Koror, Malakal, Ngerkebesang | ||
| Inga edulis | ice cream bean | Fabaceae | tree | Koror | ||
| aquatic morning glory, swamp cabbage, water spinach, ung-choi, kang kong, kankum (Palau), kangum (Palau), kangkum (Palau) | Convolvulaceae | aquatic herb | Koror, Malakal, Ngerkebesang | |||
| **Ischaemum polystachyum | paddle grass | Poaceae | grass | Koror, Malakal, Ngerkebesang | ||
| *Jacaranda mimosifolia | jacaranda | Bignoniaceae | tree | Koror | ||
| *Jatropha curcas | physic nut, purging nut, Barbados nut | Euphorbiaceae | shrub | Koror | ||
| †Jatropha gossypiifolia | bellyache bush, cotton-leaved physic nut | Euphorbiaceae | shrub | Koror, Ngerkebesang | ||
| †Kyllinga brevifolia | green kyllinga, green water sedge, esechesiding (Palau) | Cyperaceae | sedge | Koror | ||
| **†Kyllinga nemoralis | white kyllinga, whitehead spikesedge, whitewater sedge | Cyperaceae | sedge | Koror | ||
| Lantana camara | lantana | Verbenaceae | shrub | Koror, Malakal, Ngerkebesang | ||
| †Leonurus japonicus | lion’s tail, Chinese motherwort | Lamiaceae | herb | Koror | ||
| Leucaena leucocephala | leucaena, wild tamarind, lead tree, telengtungd (Palau) | Fabaceae | tree | Koror, Malakal, Ngerkebesang | ||
| Melia azedarach | Chinaberry, pride-of-India, indian lilac, Persian lilac, white cedar, margosa tree | Meliaceae | tree | Koror | ||
| **Merremia peltata | merremia, kebeas (Palau) | Convolvulaceae | vine | Koror, Malakal, Ngerkebesang | ||
| Mikania micrantha | mile-a-minute weed, Chinese creeper, American rope, bittervine, teb el yas (Palau) | Asteraceae | vine | Koror, Malakal, Ngerkebesang | ||
| Mimosa diplotricha | giant sensitive plant, nila grass, mechiuaiu (Palau) | Fabaceae | shrub | Koror, Malakal, Ngerkebesang | ||
| Mimosa pudica | Fabaceae | herb | Koror, Malakal, Ngerkebesang | |||
| Muntingia calabura | jam tree, strawberry tree, Jamaican cherry, Singapore cherry, Panama cherry, Panama berry, ornamental cherry, calabura, sirsen, budo (Palau) | Tiliaceae | tree | Koror, Malakal, Ngerkebesang | ||
| *Murraya paniculata | orange jessamine, satin-wood, Chinese box, Hawaiian mock orange | Rutaceae | shrub/tree | Koror, Ngerkebesang | ||
| *Nymphaea spp. | water lily | Nymphaeaceae | herb | Koror | ||
| *Ocimum gratissimum | wild basil, clove basil, tree basil | Lamiaceae | herb | Koror, Ngerkebesang | ||
| **Operculina turpethum | Other: ongucheta rekung (Palau) | Convolvulaceae | vine | Koror, Malakal†, Ngerkebesang† | ||
| Guinea grass, green panic, buffalograss | Poaceae | grass | Koror | |||
| torpedo grass, couch panicum, creeping panic | Poaceae | grass | Koror | |||
| T grass, ti grass, sour grass; sour palpalum, buffalo grass, carabao grass, Hilo grass (Hawai'i), udel ra ngebei (Palau) | Poaceae | grass | Koror, Malakal, Ngerkebesang | |||
| Russell river grass, galmarra grass | Poaceae | grass | Koror, Malakal, Ngerkebesang | |||
| *Passiflora edulis | passion fruit, yellow passion fruit, purple passion fruit, qarandila, purple granadilla, kudamono (Palau) | Passifloraceae | vine | Koror | ||
| Passiflora foetida | love-in-a-mist, wild passion fruit, passionflower, stinking passionflower, kudamono (Palau) | Passifloraceae | vine | Koror, Malakal, Ngerkebesang | ||
| †Passiflora quadrangularis | granadilla, giant granadilla, kudamono (Palau) | Passifloraceae | vine | Koror | ||
| Passiflora suberosa | wild passionfruit, devil's pumpkin, indigo berry, corky passionflower, corkstem passionflower | Passifloraceae | vine | Malakal, Koror | ||
| Pennisetum polystachion | mission grass, feathery pennisetum, desum (Palau) | Poaceae | grass | Koror, Malakal, Ngerkebesang | ||
| Pennisetum purpureum | elephant grass, napier grass, merker grass, bokso (Palau) | Poaceae | grass | Koror, Malakal, Ngerkebesang | ||
| *Pennisetum setaceum | fountain grass | Poaceae | grass | Ngerkebesang | ||
| †Pithecellobium dulce | Madras thorn, Manila tamarind, sweet inga, kamatsiri (Palau), kamatsíri (Palau), opiuma (Palau) | Fabaceae | tree | Koror | ||
| *Plectranthus amboinicus | Mexican mint, Spanish thyme, Cuban oregano | Lamiaceae | herb | Koror | ||
| †Psidium cattleianum | strawberry guava, cherry guava, Cattley guava, Chinese guava | Myrtaceae | tree | Koror | ||
| Psidium guajava | guava, guabang (Palau), kuabang (Palau) | Myrtaceae | tree | Koror, Malakal, Ngerkebesang | ||
| *Quisqualis indica | Rangoon creeper | Combretaceae | vine | Ngerkebesang | ||
| **Saccharum spontaneum | wild cane, false sugarcane, banga ruchel (Palau) | Poaceae | grass | Koror, Malakal, Ngerkebesang | ||
| **†Sacciolepis indica | glenwood grass | Poaceae | grass | Koror | ||
| *Samanea saman | monkeypod, rain tree, saman | Fabaceae | tree | Koror, Malakal, Ngerkebesang | ||
| †Sambucus mexicana | elderberry, Mexican elder | Caprifoliaceae | small tree | Koror | ||
| *Sanchezia parvibracteata | sanchezia | Acanthaceae | shrub | Koror, Malakal, Ngerkebesang | ||
| Sansevieria trifasciata | bowstring hemp, mother-in-law’s tongue, kitelel (Palau) | Agavaceae | herb | Koror, Malakal (cult.), Ngerkebesang | ||
| *Schefflera actinophylla | octopus tree, umbrella tree, ivy palm | Araliaceae | tree | Koror (eradicated?) | ||
| *Schefflera arboricola | dwarf brassia, dwarf schefflera, Hawaiian elf schefflera | Araliaceae | shrub | Koror | ||
| Senna alata | candle bush; candelabra bush, Roman candle tree, emperor's candlesticks, ringworm bush (Australia), alcapulco | Fabaceae | shrub | Koror, Ngerkebesang (cult.) | ||
| †Senna obtusifolia | habucha, coffeeweed, sicklepod | Fabaceae | herb | |||
| *Sesbania grandiflora | sesbania, hummingbird tree, sesban, scarlet wisteria tree, corkwood tree, katurai (Palau) | Fabaceae | small tree | Koror, Malakal | ||
| Sorghum halepense | Johnson grass, Aleppo grass, Aleppo milletgrass | Poaceae | grass | Koror, Malakal, Ngerkebesang | ||
| *Spathodea campanulata | African tulip tree, fireball, fountain tree, orsachel kui (Palau) | Bignoniaceae | tree | Koror, Ngerkebesang | ||
| **Sporobolus indicus var. major | smutgrass, wiregrass, Indian dropseed | Poaceae | grass | Koror, Malakal, Ngerkebesang | ||
| Sphagneticola trilobata | wedelia, trailing daisy, Singapore daisy, creeping ox-eye, ngesil ra ngebard (Palau) | Asteraceae | herb | Koror, Malakal, Ngerkebesang | ||
| Stachytarpheta cayennensis | blue rat's tail, dark-blue snakeweed, false verbena, nettleleaf velvetberry, louch beluu (Palau) | Verbenaceae | herb | Koror, Malakal, Ngerkebesang | ||
| Syngonium angustatum | arrowhead plant, goosefoot plant | Araceae | vine | Koror, Malakal, Ngerkebesang | ||
| *?†Syzygium cumini | Java plum; jambolan plum, mesegerak (Palau), mesekerrak (Palau), mesekerrák (Palau), mesigerak (Palau) | Myrtaceae | tree | Koror | ||
| *Syzygium jambos | malabar plum, rose apple, Malay apple | Myrtaceae | tree | Koror | ||
| *Tabebuia heterophylla | pink tecoma, pink trumpet tree, white cedar | Bignoniaceae | tree | Koror, Malakal, Ngerkebesang | ||
| *Tecoma stans | yellow bells, yellow-elder, yellow trumpetbush | Bignoniaceae | small tree | Koror, Malakal, Ngerkebesang | ||
| *Thevetia peruviana | yellow oleander, be-still tree, lucky nut | Apocynaceae | small tree | Koror, Malakal, Ngerkebesang | ||
| Thunbergia grandiflora | Bengal trumpet, blue trumpet vine, clock vine, skyvine, large-flowerd thunbergia,: bung el etiu (Palau) | Acanthaceae | vine | Koror | ||
| *Timonius timon | liberal (Palau) | Rubiaceae | tree | Ngerkebesang (cult.) | ||
| *Tithonia diversifolia | tree marigold, shrub sunflower, Mexican sunflower, Japanese sunflower | Asteraceae | shrub | Koror | ||
| Tradescantia spathacea | oyster plant, boat plant, boat lily, moses in a boat, kobesos (Palau) | Commelinaceae | herb | Koror, Malakal (cult.), Ngerkebesang (cult.) | ||
| *Tradescantia zebrina | wandering zebrina, wandering jew, inchplant | Commelinaceae | herb | Koror, Ngerkebesang | ||
| *Turnera subulata | white alder | Turneraceae | shrub | Koror, Ngerkebesang | ||
| Turnera ulmifolia | yellow alder, sage rose, West Indian holly | Turneraceae | shrub | Koror, Malakal, Ngerkebesang | ||
| **†Urena lobata | hibiscus burr, aramina, caesarweed, pink Chinese burr, urena burr, bur mallow, chosuched e kui (Palau), osuched a rechui (Palau) | Malvaceae | shrub | Koror | ||
| Urochloa mutica | California grass, para grass, buffalo grass, Mauritius grass, signal grass | Poaceae | grass | Koror, Malakal | ||
| Urochloa subquadripara | brachiaria, green summer grass, tropical signalgrass, cori grass | Poaceae | grass | Malakal | ||
*Cultivated
**Native/Micronesian introduction
†Reported present by Fosberg et al. (1979)
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