Pacific Island Ecosystems at Risk (PIER)
Report on invasive plant species in Palau
Appendix 1. Invasive Species of environmental concern
Table 1.
Species that are invasive elsewhere in similar ecosystems but are not known to
be present in Palau
Table 2. Species
that are subjects of eradiation programs
Table 3. Introduced species that
are invasive or potentially invasive in Palau
Table 4. Species that are reported as
invasive or weedy elsewhere and are common, weedy or cultivated in
Palau
Table 5. Native species (or Micronesian
introductions) that can exhibit aggressive behavior
|
Scientific Name |
Common Names |
Family |
Habit |
| Acacia aulacocarpa | English: brown salwood, brush ironbark wattle, hickory wattle; Other: ākasia (Cook Islands) | Fabaceae | tree |
| Acacia crassicarpa | English: northern wattle, Papua New Guinea red wattle; Other: ākasia (Cook Islands) | Fabaceae | tree |
| Acacia glauca | English: redwood; French: amourette | Fabaceae | tree |
| Acacia longifolia | English: Sydney golden wattle, golden wattle, long-leaved wattle, long-leaved acacia, sallow wattle, coast wattle, golden rods | Fabaceae | tree |
| English: black wattle; French: acacia noir; Other: ākasia (Cook Islands) | Fabaceae | tree | |
| English: Australian blackwood, blackwood acacia | Fabaceae | tree | |
| English: prickly acacia, black thorn, Egyptian thorn, Nile acacia, algaroba, babul, gum arabic tree; French: acacia à gomme; Spanish: algarrobo; Other: tiare (New Caledonia) | Fabaceae | tree | |
| Acacia spp. | English: acacia | Fabaceae | shrubs/trees |
| Ageratina riparia | English: spreading mistflower, creeping croftonweed, river eupatorium; Other: hamakua pamakani (Hawai‘i) | Asteraceae | herb |
| English: tree of heaven, varnishtree | Simaroubaceae | tree | |
| Albizia chinensis | English: Chinese albizia, silktree; Other: ‘arapitia (Cook Islands); tamaligi uliuli, tamaligi ena‘ena (Samoa) | Fabaceae | tree |
| Aleurites moluccana | English: candlenut, Indian walnut; French: bancoulier, bancoulier, noyer de bancoul, noyer des Moluques; Other: lumbang (Guam), raguar (Caroline Islands); sakan, shakan (Pohnpei); lama (American Samoa and Samoa); kukui (Hawai’i); tuitui (Cook Islands, Niue, Tonga), 'ama (Marquesas); lauci, lauthe, lauthi, toto, tuitui, tutui, waiwai, sekeci,sikethi, sikeli, nggerenggere (Fiji); tahii tiairi, ti’a’iri, tutui, tahiri (French Polynesia) | Euphorbiaceae | tree |
| Alstonia macrophylla | English: devil-tree | Apocynaceae | tree |
| English: alligator weed | Amaranthaceae | herb | |
| English: cashew, cashew nut; French: anacardier, pomme de cojou, acajou a pommes, pommier d’acajou; Other: kātū (Cook Islands); kasoi (Guam); ‘apu ‘initia (Samoa); ‘apu, kesiu (Tonga) | Anacardiaceae | tree | |
| English: gamba grass, tambuki grass | Poaceae | grass | |
| English: bush beardgrass, bushy bluestem | Poaceae | grass | |
| English: broomsedge, yellow bluestem, whisky grass | Poaceae | grass | |
| English: pond apple, alligator apple, bullock's heart, cherimoyer; French: annone des marais, corossolier des marais; Other: uto ni mbulumakau, uto ni bulumakau, kaitambo, kaitambu (Fiji) | Annonaceae | tree | |
| English: Madeira vine, mignonette vine, lamb's tails; Other: tāpau (Cook Islands (‘Atiu)); ‘uala hupe (Hawai‘i); filikafa (Niue) | Basellaceae | vine | |
| English: moth plant, moth catcher, white bladder flower | Asclepiadaceae | vine | |
| English: hen's eyes, Hilo holly, coral berry, Australian holly, scratchthroat; French: arbre à noël | Myrsinaceae | shrub | |
| English: shoebutton ardisia; Other: venevene tinitō (Cook Islands); ati popa‘a, atiu (French Polynesia); togo vao (Samoa) | Myrsinaceae | shrub | |
| English: elephant creeper, Hawaiian baby woodrose , silver morning glory, woolly morning glory; French: coup d'air, liane a minguet, liane d' argent | Convolvulaceae | vine | |
| English: Dutchman's pipe, calico flower; Other: mokorā (Cook Islands); fue paipa holani (Tonga) | Aristolochiaceae | vine | |
| Arthrostemma ciliatum | English: arthrostemma, everblooming eavender | Melastomataceae | herb |
| Asparagus setaceus | English: ornamental asparagus, climbing asparagus fern, plumosa; French: asperge plumeuse; Other: remu (Cook Islands); taupo ‘ou (Tonga) | Liliaceae | vine |
| Asteraceae | herb | ||
| English: neem, nim, margosa | Meliaceae | tree | |
| Azolla filiculoides | English: azolla, large mosquito fern | Azollaceae | aquatic fern |
| Azolla pinnata | English: mosquito fern, ferny azolla, water velvet | Azollaceae | aquatic fern |
| Barleria prionitis | English: barleria, porcupine flower | Acanthaceae | shrub |
| Bocconia frutescens | English: bocconia, plume-poppy, tree poppy, tree celandine, parrotweed | Papaveraceae | shrub |
| Boerhavia coccinea | English: boerhavia, hog weed, hog feed, red spiderling, wineflower, tar vine; Other: mata pavo, patagon | Nyctaginaceae | herb |
| Acanthaceae | herb | ||
| Bryophyllum delagoense | English: chandelier plant | Crassulaceae | succulent |
| English: dog tail; Other: huelo ‘ilio (Hawai'i) | Scrophulariaceae | shrub | |
| English: orange eye, butterfly bush, summer lilac | Scrophulariaceae | shrub | |
| English: butterfly bush, smoke bush | Scrophulariaceae | shrub | |
| Caesalpinia decapetala | English: cat's claw, Mysore thorn, Mauritius thorn, wait-a-bit; French: bois sappan; Other: puakelekino (Hawai'i) | Fabaceae | shrub |
| English: Surinamese stickpea | Fabaceae | tree | |
| English: fragrant inch plant, basketplant, spironema | Commelinaceae | herb | |
| Calotropis procera | English: calotropis, rubber bush, apple of Sodom, mudar, madar, king’s crown, roostertree; French: arbre à soie | Asclepiadaceae | shrub |
| English: balloon vine; heart seed; Other: kopūpū takaviri? (Cook Islands) | Sapindaceae | vine | |
| English: balloon vine, heart pea, love-in-a-puff; Other: wa niu, vo niu (Fiji); vinivinio (French Polynesia), poniu, haleakai‘a, ‘inalua, pohuehue uka (Hawai'i) | Sapindaceae | vine | |
| Carludovica palmata | English: Panama hat plant; French: carludovique palmée; Spanish: chidra, palma de sombrero, palma jipijapa, toquilla; Other: Panamā (Cook Islands) | Cyclanthaceae | shrub |
| English: ice plant, pigface, hottentot fig | Aizoaceae | succulent | |
| Castilla elastica | English: Panama rubber tree, Mexican rubber tree, uletree; Other: pulu mamoe (American Samoa) | Moraceae | tree |
| Casuarina glauca | English: swamp oak, saltmarsh ironwood, longleaf ironwood, gray sheoak | Casuarinaceae | tree |
| English: trumpet tree, guarumo; Other: rau-māniota (Cook Islands) | Cecropiaceae | tree | |
| English: trumpet tree; French: parasolier, faux-ricin, pisse-roux, bois cannon | Cecropiaceae | tree | |
| Cedrela odorata | English: cigar box cedar, Mexican cedar, West Indian cedar, Spanish cedar, Barbados cedar; French: cèdre acajou, cèdre des barbares; Spanish: cedro cubano (Galapagos Is.); Other: sita hina (Tonga) | Meliaceae | tree |
| Cenchrus ciliaris | English: buffelgrass, African foxtail grass, anjan grass; French: cenchrus cilié | Poaceae | grass |
| English: inkberry, day jessamine, day cestrum, China berry; Other: ariki-va‘ine (Cook Islands); thauthau (Fiji); tinta ‘n-China, tentanchinu, tintan China (Guam, CNMI); makahala (Hawai'i); sugi vao, suni vao (Samoa); vaitohi (Tonga) | Solanaceae | shrub | |
| English: night-flowering cestrum, night-flowering jasmine, queen (or lady) of the night; Other: teine o le po, ali‘i o le po (American Samoa and Samoa); tiare ariki-va‘ine, ariki-va‘ine (Cook Islands); thauthau, thauthau ni mbongi, kara (Fiji); dama-de-noche (Guam); ‘ala aumoe, kupaoa, onaona Iapana (Hawai‘i); joñoul ru awa (Marshall Islands); iki he po (Niue); lakau po‘uli (Tonga) | Solanaceae | shrub | |
| Cestrum parqui | English: green cestrum, willow-leaved jessamine, Chilean cestrum, green poison-berry | Solanaceae | shrub |
| Chrysobalanus icaco | English: coco plum, icaco; French: prunier coton, icacier, icaquier, icaque, prune colon; Other: apolo (Fiji) | Chrysobalanaceae | shrub |
| Chrysophyllum oliviforme | English: satin leaf, wild star-apple, damson plum; Spanish: caimitillo | Sapotaceae | tree |
| English: quinine tree, red cinchona; French: quinquina rouge; Spanish: cascarilla | Rubiaceae | tree | |
| English: padang cassia; French: cannelier de Malaisie | Lauraceae | tree | |
| English: camphor tree, camphor laurel; French: camphre, camphrier | Lauraceae | tree | |
| English: grape ivy | Vitaceae | vine | |
| English: juniper berry | Verbenaceae | tree | |
| English: fiddlewood; Other: masese (Fiji) | Verbenaceae | tree | |
| Clausena excavata | English: clausena | Rutaceae | tree |
| English: Honolulu rose, stickbush, glory bower; Other: losa Honolulu, losa Onolulu (American Samoa and Samoa); pītate māma‘o, tiare tupapaku? (Cook Islands); pikake hohono, pikake wauke (Hawai'i) | Lamiaceae | shrub | |
| English: glorybower | Lamiaceae | shrub | |
| English: signature tree, autograph tree, copey, Scotch attorney, pitchapple | Clusiaceae | tree | |
| English: ivy gourd, scarlet-fruited gourd; Other: kundru (Fiji); kiuri awia (Marshall Islands); aipikohr (Pohnpei) | Cucurbitaceae | vine | |
| English: sea mulberry, buttonwood, button mangrove | Combretaceae | shrub/tree | |
| English: laurel, Ecuador laurel, salmwood, Spanish elm; French: bois de Chypre, pardillo; Other: kotia (Samoa, Tonga) | Boraginaceae | tree | |
| English: black sage | Boraginaceae | shrub | |
| English: broad-leaved cordia | Boraginaceae | tree | |
| English: jubata grass, Andean pampas grass, purple pampas grass | Poaceae | grass | |
| English: pampas grass, silver pampas grass, Uruguayan pampas grass | Poaceae | grass | |
| Corynocarpus laevigatus | English: New Zealand laurel, karakara nut | Corynocarpaceae | tree |
| Cryptostegia grandiflora | English: rubber vine, India rubber vine, Palay rubbervine; Other: liane de gatope (New Caledonia) | Asclepiadaceae | vine |
| English: carrotwood, tuckeroo | Sapindaceae | tree | |
| English: golden dodder, field dodder, five-angled dodder; Other: tiaea (Cook Islands (Mangaia)); navereverelangi, wa vereverelangi, wa lawala, wa mbosuthu, wa ndanga, wa tikaivu, ndithangi (Fiji) | Cuscutaceae | vine | |
| Cyathea cooperi | English: Australian tree fern; French: fougère arborescente d’Australia | Cyatheaceae | fern |
| English: Indian dalbergia, Indian rosewood, sissoo, shisham; French: ébénier juane | Fabaceae | tree | |
| English: German ivy, Italian ivy, cape ivy | Asteraceae | vine | |
| Derris malaccensis | English: New Guinea creeper; Other: ‘ava niukini (American Samoa and Samoa); ‘ora pāpua, rakau papua (Cook Islands); nduva, tuva, nduva ni niukini (Fiji); hora papua (French Polynesia); akau niukini (Niue); kava fisi (Tonga) | Fabaceae | vine |
| Desmodium nicaraguense | Spanish: engorda-caballo, vara de arco, pie de paloma, vara larga, vara blanca, Juana de Arco, gutao, Juana Larga | Fabaceae | shrub |
| Dichrostachys cinerea | English: aroma, Kalahari Christmas tree, Chinese lantern tree, sickle bush, marabou-thorn, marabú, Sen Domeng, Saint Domingue, acacia Saint Domingue | Fabaceae | shrub |
| Digitaria insularis | English: cottongrass, sourgrass, feather-top grass | Poaceae | grass |
| Dillenia suffruticosa | English: shrubby dillenia, shrubby simpoh | Dilleniaceae | shrub/tree |
| English: aleman grass, carib grass, creeping rivergrass | Poaceae | grass | |
| English: egeria, leafy elodea, dense waterweed | Hydrocharitaceae | aquatic herb | |
| Erigeron karvinskianus | English: Mexican daisy, seaside daisy, daisy fleabane | Asteraceae | herb |
| Eugenia uniflora | English: Surinam cherry, red Brazil cherry; French: cerisier carré, cerisier de Cayenne; Other: venevene (Cook Islands); menemene (Cook Islands (Mangaia)); kafika, kafika palangi (Niue), pitanga (Brazil) | Myrtaceae | shrub/tree |
| English: lofty fig, false banyan, council tree | Moraceae | tree | |
| English: banyan, Indian banyan, vada tree; French: figuier des pagodes; Other: pulu (Samoa) | Moraceae | tree | |
| English: weeping fig, baka, Java fig, weeping fig, Benjamin tree; Other: ‘ovava Fisi (Tonga) | Moraceae | tree | |
| Ficus macrophylla | English: Moreton Bay fig | Moraceae | tree |
| English: tibig | Moraceae | tree | |
| English: rusty-leaved fig, Port Jackson fig, littleleaf fig | Moraceae | tree | |
| Flacourtia jangomas | English: Indian-plum, runeala-plum; French: prunier d'Inde; Spanish: ciruela forastera; Other: venevene pāma (Cook Islands); palamu (Niue) | Flacourtiaceae | tree |
| Flindersia brayleyana | English: Queensland maple, silkwood | Rutaceae | tree |
| English: African rubber tree, silkrubber; French: arbre à caoutchouc; Other: pulu vao (Samoa) | Apocynaceae | tree | |
| English: Mauritius hemp, sisal, maguey, giant cabuya; French: aloès vert, chanvre de Maurice; Other: piāni, rōpiāni (Cook Islands); malina (Hawai‘i (Ni‘ihau)); toua (Niue); faumalila, fau malila (Tonga) | Agavaceae | succulent | |
| English: Cuban hemp, hemp; Other: cubuya (Galapagos Islands) | Agavaceae | succulent | |
| Gmelina arborea | English: gmelina, white teak, white beech; Spanish: melina; Other: yemane (Fiji, Philippines) | Lamiaceae | tree |
| Gmelina asiatica | English: badhara bush, Asiatic beechberry, oval-leafed gmelina | Lamiaceae | shrub |
| English: balloon plant, balloon cottonbush, bladderbush, wild cotton | Asclepiadaceae | shrub | |
| English: kahili flower, Banks grevillea; Other: ha‘iku, kahili (Hawai‘i); ‘oka pua ‘ula‘ula (Hawai‘i (Ni‘ihau)) | Proteaceae | tree | |
| English: silk oak, silky oak, he oak, silver oak, spider flower; Other: ‘oka kilika, ha‘iku ke‘oke‘o (Hawai'i), oke‘ (Tonga) | Proteaceae | tree | |
| English: phalsa | Tiliaceae | tree | |
| English: Senegal tea, temple plant | Asteraceae | herb | |
| English: logwood, bloodwood tree, campeachy wood, campeche | Fabaceae | tree | |
| English: harungana | Clusiaceae | tree | |
| English: yellow ginger, cream ginger; French: longoze; Other: teuila (American Samoa and Samoa); kōpī rengarenga, re‘a rengarenga (Cook Islands); opuhi rea rea (French Polynesia); ‘awapuhi melemele (Hawai'i) | Zingiberaceae | herb | |
| English: kahili ginger; Other: kōpī (Cook Islands); cevuga dromodromo (Fiji); kahili, ‘awapuhi kahili (Hawai‘i); sinter weitahta (Pohnpei) | Zingiberaceae | herb | |
| Heliocarpus popayanensis | English: moho, white moho | Tiliaceae | tree |
| Hiptage benghalensis | English: hiptage; French: liane de cerf | Malpighiaceae | shrub |
| English: hydrilla, Florida elodea, water thyme | Hydrocharitaceae | herb | |
| English: night-blooming cereus, strawberry pear, red pitaya, dragon fruit, pitahaya; French: pitaya, pitahaya rouge; Spanish: flor de Caliz; Other: paniniokapunahou, papipi pua (Hawai'i) | Cactaceae | succulent | |
| English: hymenachne, trompetilla, West Indian marsh grass | Poaceae | grass | |
| English: jaragua grass, thatching grass | Poaceae | grass | |
| Hypochoeris radicata | English: hairy cat’s ear, gosmore | Asteraceae | herb |
| Hyptis suaveolens | English: wild spikenard, chan; French: gros baume, hyptis à odeur; Other: mumutun (Guam) | Lamiaceae | herb |
| Indigofera suffruticosa | English: indigo; Other: ‘initiko (Cook Islands); aniles (Guam); ‘iniko, inikoa, kolu (Hawai'i); la‘au mageso (Samoa); ‘akau veli (Tonga) | Fabaceae | shrub |
| Jasminum fluminense | English: Brazilian jasmine | Oleaceae | vine |
| Juncus spp. | English: rush | Juncaceae | rush |
| English: pink plume-flower, pink jacobinia | Acanthaceae | shrub | |
| Kunzea ericoides | English: tree manuka, tree manuba, kanuka (New Zealand), burgan, white teatree | Myrtaceae | tree |
| Kyllinga polyphylla | English: Navua sedge; Other: tuise tele, tuise fiti (Samoa) | Cyperaceae | sedge |
| Lablab purpureus | English: hyacinth bean, lablab, bonavist, Egyptian kidney bean, dolichos; French: dolique, dolique d'Egypte, pois nourrice; Other: ndralawa, natomba, tomba (Fiji); cheribilla apaka, chuchumeko (Guam--Chamorro); papapa, pi (Hawai'i); pini lae puaka (Tonga) | Fabaceae | vine |
| English: duckweed; Other: fala‘o‘oto (Samoa) | Lemnaceae | herb | |
| English: lion’s tail, lion’s ear, Christmas candlestick; French: gros bouton, gros tête | Lamiaceae | herb | |
| Leptospermum scoparium | English: New Zealand tea; manuka (New Zealand) | Myrtaceae | tree |
| English: ruffled fan palm; French: palmier-cuillère | Arecaceae | tree (palm) | |
| English: privet | Oleaceae | shrubs/small trees | |
| English: brush box, Brisbane box, vinegar tree | Myrtaceae | tree | |
| English: ludwigia, Peruvian primrose, water primrose | Onagraceae | herb | |
| Macfadyena unguis-cati | English: cat's-claw climber | Bignoniaceae | vine |
| English: umbrella tree, musizi | Rhamnaceae | tree | |
| English: chandelier tree, showy melastome, showy medinilla, Malaysian orchid | Melastomataceae | shrub | |
| English: holdtight | Melastomataceae | shrub | |
| English: Asian melastome, Indian rhododendron, Malabar melastome | Melastomataceae | tree | |
| English: fox-tongued melastoma, red melastome | Melastomataceae | shrub/tree | |
| Melicoccus bijugatus | English: Spanish lime | Sapindaceae | tree |
| Melinis repens | English: Natal redtop, Natal grass, red Natal grass, Holme's grass, blanketgrass; French: herbe du Natal, herbe rose, herbe pappangue; tricholène (New Caledonia); Other: salapona (Tonga) | Poaceae | grass |
| Memecylon floribundum | Melastomataceae | shrub | |
| English: wood rose, Spanish arborvine, yellow morning-glory; French: liane-à-tonelle, liane-jaune; Other: alarrak (Saipan); pilikai (Hawai‘i) | Convolvulaceae | vine | |
| English: miconia, velvetleaf, purple plague, bush currant | Melastomataceae | tree | |
| Microlaena stipoides | English: meadow ricegrass, weeping grass | Poaceae | grass |
| Mimosa pigra | English: catclaw mimosa, thorny sensitiveplant, giant mimosa, giant sensitive plant, black mimosa, zaraz, dormilona, bashful plant, amourette violet; French: amourette riviére | Fabaceae | shrub |
| English: montanoa, tree daisy, Anzac flower | Asteraceae | shrub | |
| Morella faya | English: fayatree, firetree, firebush | Myricaceae | tree |
| Mucuna pruriens | English: cow itch, velvet bean, Bengal bean, Mauritius bean; French: pois pouilleux, poil à gratter; Other: akangkang dangkulo (Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, Guam) | Fabaceae | vine |
| English: parrot's feather, water feather, Brazilian water milfoil | Haloragidaceae | aquatic herb | |
| Neonotonia wightii | English: glycine; French: soja pérenne | Fabaceae | vine |
| kirkii | English: Micky Mouse plant, bird’s-eye bush | Ochnaceae | shrub |
| English: ochna, Mickey-Mouse plant, bird’s-eye bush | Ochnaceae | shrub | |
| English: balsa, corkwood, down tree | Bombacaceae | tree | |
| English: fire spike, cardinal flower; Other: totoe (American Samoa and Samoa) | Acanthaceae | shrub | |
| English: olive; Other: ‘oliwa, ‘oliwa haole (Hawai'i) | Oleaceae | tree | |
| English: paper rose, St. Thomas lidpod; Other: alalag (Guam); palulu (Samoa); fue hina (Tonga) | Convolvulaceae | vine | |
| Melastomataceae | shrub | ||
| English: oxyspora, bristletips | Melastomataceae | shrub | |
| English: stink vine, skunk vine; Other: maile pilau, maile ka kahiki (Hawai'i). | Rubiaceae | vine | |
| English: brush wattle, plume albizia, plume acacia, stink bean | Fabaceae | shrub/tree | |
| English: parkinsonia, Jerusalem thorn, horse-bean, retama; French: arrêtenègre; Spanish: palo verde | Fabaceae | tree | |
| English: Vasey grass; French: herbe de Vasey, paspalum d'Urville; Other: tinikarāti (Cook Islands (Mangaia)) | Poaceae | grass | |
| English: wild passion fruit, wingstem passionflower | Passifloraceae | vine | |
| English: blue passion flower | Passifloraceae | vine | |
| English: scarlet passion flower, red passion flower, red granadilla | Passifloraceae | vine | |
| English: yellow granadilla, belle apple, yellow water-lemon; French: pomme-liane, pomme d'or; Other: pasio vao (Samoa); vaine 'ae kuma (Tonga) | Passifloraceae | vine | |
| English: sweet granadilla, yellow passionfruit; French: granadille, grenadille douce, barbadine; French: granadille, grenadille douce, barbadine; Other: lemi wai, lani wai, lemona (Hawai‘i) | Passifloraceae | vine | |
| English: hard-shelled passionfruit, sweet calabash, sweet cup; French: pomme calabas; Other: pārapōutini ‘enua, pārapōutini Maori (Cook Islands); ka‘atene Maori, katinga Maori (Cook Islands (Mangaia)); pasio (Samoa), vaine kai (Tonga) | Passifloraceae | vine | |
| Passiflora pulchella | English: two-lobed passion flower, wingleaf passionfruit | Passifloraceae | vine |
| Passiflora rubra | English: red passionfruit, Dutchman's laudanum; Other: pōkutekute (Cook Islands (‘Atiu)) | Passifloraceae | vine |
| English: banana poka, banana passionfruit, bananadilla | Passifloraceae | vine | |
| English: paulownia, princess-tree, Chinese empress tree, karri-tree | Scrophulariaceae | tree | |
| Pennisetum clandestinum | English: kikuyu grass, kikuyo | Poaceae | grass |
| English: philadelphus, evergreen mock orange, syringa | Saxifragaceae | shrub | |
| English: New Zealand flax, New Zealand hemp, bush flax | Agavaceae | herb | |
| Phyllostachys bissetii | Poaceae | shrub | |
| English: black bamboo; French: bambou noir | Poaceae | shrub | |
| English: pimento, allspice; Other: sipaisi (Tonga) | Myrtaceae | tree | |
| English: bay tree, bay rum tree, bay oil tree, malagueta; Other: sinamoni (Tonga) | Myrtaceae | tree | |
| English: Caribbean pine, Bahamas pine; Other: paina papa‘ā (Cook Islands (Mangaia)); paina (Samoa); paini (Tonga) | Pinaceae | tree | |
| English: spiked pepper; Other: yaqona ni Onolulu, yanggona ni Onolulu (Fiji) | Piperaceae | shrub/tree | |
| English: eared pepper, anise piper, Veracruz pepper; Spanish: hoja santa, anisillo, hinojo, sabalero, hoja de la estrella; Other: Hawaiian sakau, false sakau, false kava (Pohnpei); ‘ava Tonga (Samoa), kava Hawai‘i (Tonga) | Piperaceae | shrub | |
| English: water lettuce, tropical duckweed; French: laitue d'eau, pistie; Spanish: lechuguita de agua, repollo de agua | Araceae | aquatic herb | |
| English: pittosporum, Taiwanese cheesewood, mamalis | Pittosporaceae | shrub/tree | |
| English: tobira, Japanese pittosporum, Japanese cheesewood, mock orange, Australian laurel | Pittosporaceae | shrub/tree | |
| English: Victorian box, Victorian laurel, Australian cheesewood, mock orange, sweet pittosporum, orange pittosporum | Pittosporaceae | tree | |
| Pittosporum viridiflorum | English: cape pittosporum | Pittosporaceae | tree |
| Platycerium bifurcatum | English: elkhorn fern, staghorn fern | Selaginellaceae | fern |
| English: praxelis | Asteraceae | herb | |
| English: mesquite, algaroba; Spanish: algarrobo | Fabaceae | tree | |
| Psidium guineense | English: Brazilian guava, Guinea guava; French: goyavier du Brésil | Myrtaceae | shrub/tree |
| Pyrostegia venusta | English: flame vine, flame flower, golden shower, orange trumpet vine | Bignoniaceae | vine |
| English: rose myrtle, downy myrtle, Isenberg bush; French: myrte-groseille, feijoa | Myrtaceae | shrub | |
| Rhynchospora caduca | Cyperaceae | herb | |
| English: baby pepper, bloodberry, coral berry, rouge plant; Other: polo (Tonga) | Phytolaccaceae | herb | |
| English: giant bramble | Rosaceae | shrub | |
| Rubus argutus | English: prickly Florida blackberry; Other: ōhelo ‘ele ‘ele (Hawai‘i) | Rosaceae | shrub |
| Rubus glaucus | English: Andean blackberry, Andean black raspberry; French: mûre des Andes; Spanish: mora, mora blanca, mora de Castilla, zarzamora azul | Rosaceae | shrub |
| English: Molucca raspberry, broad leafed bramble, Molucca bramble, eelkek; French: piquant lou-lou (Mauritius); Other: kohkihl (Kosrae); soni, wa sori, wa ngandrongandro, wa votovotoa, (Fiji) | Rosaceae | shrub | |
| Rubus niveus | English: Ceylon raspberry, hill raspberry, Mysore raspberry; Spanish: frambuesa | Rosaceae | shrub |
| English: roseleaf raspberry, thimbleberry, Mauritius raspberry; French: framboisier; Spanish: frambueso de Africa; Other: ōla‘a, ākala, ākalakala (Hawai‘i) | Rosaceae | shrub | |
| Rubus sieboldii | English: Molucca raspberry | Rosaceae | shrub |
| English: raspberries, blackberries, brambles | Rosaceae | shrub | |
| Ruellia brevifolia | Acanthaceae | herb | |
| English: black weed, bell weed; Other: vao uli (American Samoa and Samoa); tītā ‘aruru (Cook Islands (Miti‘aro)) | Acanthaceae | herb | |
| Salvinia molesta | English: salvinia, water fern, kariba weed, African payal | Salviniaceae | fern |
| Sanchezia speciosa | English: sanchezia. | Acanthaceae | shrub |
| English: pepper tree, California pepper tree, Peruvian peppertree, pepperina; French: faux poivrier, molée des jardins, poivrier d'Amérique | Anacardiaceae | tree | |
| English: Christmas-berry, Brazilian pepper, Brazilian holly, Florida holly; French: faux poivrier, poivre du Brésil, poivre rose; Other: warui (Fiji); wilelaiki (Hawai‘i), naniohilo (Hawai‘i (Moloka‘i)) | Anacardiaceae | tree | |
| English: little bluestem, bush beardgrass | Poaceae |