Pacific Island Ecosystems at Risk (PIER)


Report on invasive plant species in Kiribati


Appendix 1.  Invasive Species

Table 1. Species that are invasive elsewhere in the Pacific and in similar ecosystems but are not known to be present on Tarawa, Abemama, Butaritari or Maiana

Scientific Name

Common Names

Family

Habit

Abelmoschus moschatus English: fautia, musk mallow, musk okra; French: ambrette, gombo musqué, ketmie musquée, graine de musc; Other: ‘aute toga, fau tagaloa, fua samasama (American Samoa and Samoa); karereon, karereon nikapwerik nik, kareron, likonokon (Chuuk); vavai tara (Cook Islands); ta‘uri‘au (Cook Islands (Mangaia)); wakiwaki, wakewake, wakeke, vakeke, aukiki, okeoke, o‘e‘e (Fiji);kamang, ka‘mang (Guam); fou ingo (Niue), gongul (Palau); metei, mety, methey (Pohnpei); loa, fau‘ingo (Tonga); fau ingo (Wallis and Futuna); hathongethong, kamwayang, nikapwerik, setmwechin, sotumo (Yap) Malvaceae herb
Abutilon grandifolium English: hairy abutilon Malvaceae shrub
Abutilon theophrasti English: abutilon-hemp, butterprint, buttonweed, China-jute, Indian-mallow, Tientsin-jute, velvetleaf, velvetweed Malvaceae herb
Acacia aulacocarpa English: brown salwood, brush ironbark wattle, hickory wattle; Other: ākasia (Cook Islands) Fabaceae tree
Acacia auriculiformis English: Papuan wattle, auri, earleaf acacia, northern black wattle, ear-pod wattle; Other: ākasia (Cook Islands); tuhkehn pwelmwahu (Pohnpei) Fabaceae tree
Acacia confusa English: Formosa koa, Formosa acacia; Other: sosigi, shoshigi, sosugi, boiffuring (Guam and CNMI–Chamorro); serepa, soschghi (CNMI–Carolinian); pilampwoia (Pohnpei); ianángi, yanangi (Palau) Fabaceae tree

Acacia crassicarpa

English: northern wattle, Papua New Guinea red wattle; Other: ākasia (Cook Islands) Fabaceae tree

Acacia glauca

English: redwood; French: amourette Fabaceae tree
Acacia longifolia English: Sydney golden wattle, golden wattle, long-leaved wattle, long-leaved acacia, sallow wattle, coast wattle, golden rods Fabaceae tree
Acacia mangium English: mangium, brown salwood, black wattle, hickory wattle; Other: ākasia (Cook Islands); tuhkehn pwelmwahu (Pohnpei) Fabaceae tree
Acacia mearnsii English: black wattle; French: acacia noir; Other: ākasia (Cook Islands) Fabaceae tree
Acacia melanoxylon English: Australian blackwood, blackwood acacia Fabaceae tree
Acacia nilotica English: prickly acacia, black thorn, Egyptian thorn, Nile acacia, algaroba, babul, gum arabic tree; French: acacia à gomme; Other: tiare (New Caledonia) Fabaceae tree
Acacia sinuata English: chikakai, piquant sappan, sappan, soap pod Fabaceae shrub
Acacia spp. English: acacia Fabaceae shrubs/trees
Acalypha alopecuroides English: foxtail copperleaf Euphorbiaceae herb
Acalypha indica English: copperleaf, Indian-nettle, ricinela; Other: hierba del cancer (Guam-Chamorro) Euphorbiaceae herb
Acalypha lanceolata Other: puapua (Cook Islands (Miti’aro)); ongo ongo (Niue); ogo ogo (Samoa); hongohongo (Tonga Euphorbiaceae herb
Acanthocereus tetragonus English: barbed-wire cactus, sword-pear, triangle cactus Cactaceae succulent
Acmella uliginosa Other: mbotembotekoro (Fiji) Asteraceae herb
Adenanthera pavonina English: coral bean tree, red sandalwood tree, red bead tree, lopa, bead tree, false wiliwili, peacock flower-fence, Polynesian peanut; French: bois de condori; Other: lopa (American Samoa, French Polynesia, Samoa and Tonga); mata kōviriviri (Cook Islands); kōviriviri, tavara (Cook Islands (Mangaia)); pitipiti‘ō (Cook Islands (‘Atiu)); lera, lere ndamu, vaivai, vaivai ni vavalangi (Fiji), pomea (Fiji, Niue), la‘au paina, pitipitio (French Polynesia); colales, culalis, kolales, kulales, kulalis (Guam, CNMI); hua‘ula‘ula (Hawai’i); (metekam, metkam, metkem, mwetkwem (Kosrae); telengtúngd, telentundalel (Palau); kaikes (Pohnpei) Fabaceae tree
Aeschynomene indica English: budda pea, curly-indigo, hard sola, Indian joint-vetch, kat sola, northern joint-vetch, sensitive jointed vetch, sensitive vetch Fabaceae herb
Ageratina riparia English: spreading mistflower, creeping croftonweed, river eupatorium; Other: hamakua pamakani (Hawai’i) Asteraceae herb
Ageratum conyzoides English: billygoat-weed, chick week, goatweed, whiteweed; French: azier françois baume, bouton; Other: botebotekoro, mata mothemothe, mbotembotekoro, sogovanua, songovanua (Fiji); mumutung (Guam-Chamorro), maire vaihi (French Polynesia); maile hohono, maile honohono, maile kula (Hawai’i); sekose sea (Niue); ngmak (Palau); a‘amia, tae‘oti (Samoa); te‘ehosi (Tonga) Asteraceae herb
Ailanthus altissima English: tree of heaven, varnishtree Simaroubaceae tree
Albizia chinensis English: Chinese albizia, silktree; Other: ‘arapitia (Cook Islands); tamaligi uliuli, tamaligi ena‘ena (Samoa) Fabaceae tree
Albizia lebbeck English: siris-tree, rain tree, East Indian walnut, kokko, woman’s-tongue tree, soros-tree, raom tree; French: bois noir; Other: ‘arapitia (Cook Islands (Miti‘aro)); trongkon-mames, tronkon mames, mamis (Guam); kalaska, trongkon-kalaska (CNMI–Chamorro); schepil kalaska (CNMI–Carolinian); ukall ra ngebard (Palau); gumorningabchey; ngumorrningobchey (Yap); ‘ohai (Hawai’i); vaivai, vaivai ni vavalangi, vaivai ni vavalagi (Fiji); tamaligi pa’epa’e (Samoa); kasia (Tonga) Fabaceae tree
Aleurites moluccana English: candlenut, Indian walnut; French: bancoulier, bancoulier, noyer de bancoul, noyer des Moluques; Other: lumbang (Guam), raguar (Caroline Islands); sakan, shakan (Pohnpei); lama (American Samoa and Samoa); kukui (Hawai’i); tuitui (Cook Islands, Niue, Tonga), ‘ama (Marquesas); lauci, lauthe, lauthi, toto, tuitui, tutui, waiwai, sekeci,sikethi, sikeli, nggerenggere (Fiji); tahii tiairi, ti’a’iri, tutui, tahiri (French Polynesia) Euphorbiaceae tree
Alpinia purpurata English: red ginger; Other: kōpī muramura (Cook Islands); thevunga (Fiji); ‘awapuhi ‘ula‘ula (Hawai’i); teuila (Samoa); tevunga (Tonga) Zingiberaceae herb
Alstonia macrophylla English: devil-tree Apocynaceae tree
Alternanthera brasiliana English: Brazilian joyweed, Joseph’s coat Amaranthaceae herb
Alternanthera philoxeroides English: alligator weed Amaranthaceae herb
Alternanthera pungens English: khaki weed Amaranthaceae herb
Alternanthera sessilis English: joyweed, sessile joyweed; Other: mata kura (Cook Islands (‘Atiu)); geluti (Fiji); okula beluulechad (Palau); fisi‘I‘anoa (Tonga) Amaranthaceae herb
Alysicarpus vaginalis English: alyce-clover, buffalo-clover, one-leaf-clover; French: alysicarpus Fabaceae herb
Amaranthus blitum English: amaranth, livid amaranth, slender amaranth; French: amarante livide; Other: tupu’a (Tonga) Amaranthaceae herb
Amaranthus cruentus English: bush greens, purple amaranth, red amaranth, red shank; French: amarante étalée, queue de renard Amaranthaceae herb
Amaranthus interruptus English: amaranth Amaranthaceae herb
Amaranthus spinosus English: edlebur, needle burr, spiny amaranth, thorny pigweed; French: épinard cochon, épinard malabre; Other: kulites, kuletes (Guam—Chamorro); pakai kuku (Hawai’i) Amaranthaceae herb
Ammannia auriculata   Lythraceae herb
Anacardium occidentale English: cashew, cashew nut; French: anacardier, pomme de cojou, acajou a pommes, pommier d’acajou; Other: kātū (Cook Islands); kasoe, kasoi (Guam); ‘apu ‘initia (Samoa); ‘apu, kesiu (Tonga) Anacardiaceae tree
Anagallis arvensis English: bird’s-eye, poor-man’s weatherglass, red chickweed, scarlet pimpernel, shepherd’s-weatherglass; French: buglosse des champs, mouron des champs Primulaceae herb
Andropogon gayanus English: gamba grass, tambuki grass Poaceae grass
Andropogon glomeratus English: bush beardgrass, bushy bluestem Poaceae grass
Andropogon virginicus English: broomsedge, yellow bluestem, whisky grass Poaceae grass
Annona glabra English: pond apple, alligator apple, bullock’s heart, cherimoyer; French: annone des marais, corossolier des marais; Other: uto ni mbulumakau, uto ni bulumakau, kaitambo, kaitambu (Fiji) Annonaceae tree
Annona muricata English: soursop, prickly custard apple; French: corossolier, cacheimantier épineux, cachiman épineux, corossol épineux; Other: syasyap (Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands); kātara‘apa (Cook Islands); kātara‘apa papa‘ā (Cook Islands (Mangaia)); naponapo taratara (Cook Islands (Aitutaki)); saasaf, sasaf (Chuuk); tapotapo papaa (French Polynesia); laguana, laguaná, laguanaha, laguanaba, labuanaha (Guam); sosap (Kosrae); jojaab (Marshall Islands); talapo fotofoto (Niue); sausab (Palau); sei, sae, truka shai (Pohnpei); sasalapa (Samoa); ‘apele ‘initia (Tonga); sausau (Yap) Annonaceae tree
Annona reticulata English: bullock’s-heart, custard-apple; French: annone réticulée, �ame� de boeuf; Other: uto ni bulamakau, chotka sarifa (Fiji) Annonaceae tree
Anredera cordifolia English: Madeira vine, mignonette vine, lamb’s tails; Other: tāpau (Cook Islands (‘Atiu)); ‘uala hupe (Hawai’i); filikafa (Niue) Basellaceae vine
Araujia sericifera English: moth plant, moth catcher, white bladder flower Ascelepiadaceae vine
Ardisia crenata English: hen’s eyes, Hilo holly, coral berry, Australian holly, scratchthroat; French: arbre à noël Myrsinaceae shrub
Ardisia elliptica English: shoebutton ardisia; Other: venevene tinitō (Cook Islands); ati popa‘a, atiu (French Polynesia); togo vao (Samoa) Myrsinaceae shrub
Argemone mexicana English: Mexican prickly-poppy, Mexican poppy, prickly poppy, yellow thistle; French: argémone du Mexique Papaveraceae herb
Argyreia nervosa English: elephant creeper, Hawaiian baby woodrose , silver morning glory, woolly morning glory; French: coup d’air, liane a minguet, liane d’ argent Convolvulaceae vine
Aristolochia littoralis English: Dutchman’s pipe, calico flower; Other: mokorā (Cook Islands); fue paipa holani (Tonga) Aristolochiaceae vine
Arthrostemma ciliatum English: arthrostemma, everblooming eavender Melastomataceae herb
Arundo donax English: giant reed, Spanish reed, wild cane; French: canne de Provence, grand roseau; Other: ngasau ni vavalangi (Fiji); fiso palagi (Samoa); kaho folalahi (Tonga) Poaceae grass
Asparagus densiflorus English: asparagus fern, sprengeri fern, smilax, regal fern Liliaceae herb
Asparagus setaceus English: ornamental asparagus, climbing asparagus fern, plumosa; French: asperge plumeuse; Other: remu (Cook Islands); taupo ‘ou (Tonga) Liliaceae vine
Austroeupatorium inulaefolium   Asteraceae herb
Averrhoa bilimbi English: bilimbi, cucumber tree, tree cucumber, tree sorrel; French: zibeline; Other: pikue (Guam-Chamorro) Oxalidaceae tree
Axonopus compressus English: blanket grass, carpetgrass; Other: kambutu ni vavalangi (Fiji) Poaceae grass
Axonopus fissifolius English: caratao grass, narrow-leaved carpetgrass Poaceae grass
Azadirachta indica English: neem, nim, margosa Meliaceae tree
Azolla filiculoides English: azolla, large mosquito fern Azollaceae aquatic fern
Azolla pinnata English: mosquito fern, ferny azolla, water velvet Azollaceae aquatic fern
Bacopa procumbens   Scrophulariaceae herb
Barleria lupulina English: hophead, Philippine violet Acanthaceae shrub
Barleria prionitis English: barleria, porcupine flower Acanthaceae shrub
Bauhinia acuminata English: dwarf white bauhinia Fabaceae tree
Bauhinia monandra English: orchid-tree, St. Thomas-tree, Napoleon’s plume; flamboyant (Pohnpei), mariposa (Guam); pink butterfly tree (Fiji); Other: vae povi (American Samoa and Samoa); flores mariposa (Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands); pine (Cook Islands (Rarotonga), French Polynesia); pīpīpipi (Cook Islands (Aitu)); pī pi (Cook Islands (Ma‘uke and Miti‘aro)); pine fua loloa (Niue) Fabaceae tree
Bauhinia purpurea English: purple orchid tree; purple butterfly tree, pink butterfly tree (Fiji); French: fleurs pourpres Fabaceae tree
Bauhinia variegata English: orchid tree; mountain ebony, butterfly tree (Fiji); French: bois de boeuf, sabot boeuf, arbre de Saint-Thomas Fabaceae tree
Begonia x_semperflorens-cultorum English: bedding begonia, perpetual begonia, wax begonia; French: bégonia semperflorens Begoniaceae herb
Bidens alba English: beggar’s tick, Spanish needle, cobbler’s pegs, romerillo; Other: ki, ki nehe, ki pipili, nehe (Hawai’i) Asteraceae herb
Bixa orellana English: anatto, annato, annatto, arnatto, lipstick tree; French: atole, roucou, roucouyer; Other: ‘uaeva, tāmuramura (Cook Islands (Ma‘uke)), nggisa, nggesa, qesa (Fiji), ‘uaefa (French Polynesia (Tahiti)), achiote (Guam—Chamorro); ‘alaea, ‘alaea la‘au, kumauna (Hawai’i); burek (Palau) Bixaceae shrub
Blainvillea gayana   Asteraceae herb
Bocconia frutescens English: bocconia, plume-poppy, tree poppy, tree celandine, parrotweed Papaveraceae shrub
Boerhavia coccinea English: boerhavia, hog weed, hog feed, red spiderling, wineflower, tar vine; Other: mata pavo, patagon Nyctaginaceae herb
Borreria verticillata   Rubiaceae herb
Bothriochloa bladhii English: blue grass, Australian beardgrass, Caucasian bluestem; Other: desum (Palau); latoka grass, thamboni grass (Fiji) Poaceae grass
Brachiaria eruciformis English: sweet signal grass Poaceae grass
Brillantaisia lamium   Acanthaceae herb
Brugmansia suaveolens   Solanaceae shrub
Buddleja asiatica English: dog tail; Other: huelo ‘ilio (Hawai’i) Scrophulariaceae shrub
Buddleja davidii English: orange eye, butterfly bush, summer lilac Scrophulariaceae shrub
Buddleja madagascariensis English: butterfly bush, smoke bush Scrophulariaceae shrub
Caesalpinia decapetala English: cat’s claw, Mysore thorn, Mauritius thorn, wait-a-bit; French: bois sappan; Other: puakelekino (Hawai’i) Fabaceae shrub
Cajanus scarabaeoides English: peanut grass (Fiji), tropical clover (Fiji) Fabaceae vine
Calamus spp. English: rattan; Other: rotan, bejuko-n-halumtano, rotan bejuro-n-halumtan (Guam); bangerenguis ra ngebard (Palau) Arecaceae vine (palm)
Calliandra calothyrsus English: powderpuff red calliandra; Other: kaliana (Samoa) Fabaceae shrub
Calliandra haematocephala English: red powder puff; French: pompon Fabaceae shrub
Calliandra surinamensis English: Surinamese stickpea Fabaceae tree
Callisia fragrans English: fragrant inch plant, basketplant, spironema Commelinaceae herb
Calopogonium mucunoides English: calopo; Other: akankan-guakag (Guam) Fabaceae vine
Calotis lappulacea English: bur daisy, yellow daisy burr Asteraceae herb
Calotropis procera English: calotropis, rubber bush, apple of Sodom, mudar, madar, king’s crown, roostertree; French: arbre à soie Ascelepiadaceae shrub
Cananga odorata English: perfume tree; French: canang odorant; Other: moso‘oi (American Samoa and Samoa); pwanang, pwuur, pwalang (Chuuk); ylang-ylang, lengileng; (CNMI); moto‘oi, mata‘oi, mato‘oi (Cook Islands, Niue, Tahiti); makasoi, makosoi, makusui, mokohoi, mokosoi (Fiji); moto‘I (French Polynesia); ilang-ilang, alang-ilang (Guam, CNMI, Philippines); lanalana (Hawai’i); ilanlang, ilahnglahng (Kosrae); ilanilan, (Marshall Islands); motoi (Niue); chiráng, irang (Palau); pur-n-wai, pwurenwai, sair-n-wai, seirin wai, seir en wai (Pohnpei); mohoki, mohokoi (Tonga) Annonaceae tree
Cardiospermum grandiflorum English: balloon vine; heart seed; Other: kopūpū takaviri? (Cook Islands) Sapindaceae vine
Cardiospermum halicacabum English: balloon vine, heart pea, love-in-a-puff; Other: wa niu, vo niu (Fiji); vinivinio (French Polynesia), poniu, haleakai‘a, ‘inalua, pohuehue uka (Hawai’i) Sapindaceae vine
Carludovica palmata English: Panama hat plant; French: carludovique palmée; Other:  Panamā (Cook Islands) Cyclanthaceae shrub
Carpobrotus edulis English: ice plant, pigface, hottentot fig Aizoaceae succulent
Castilla elastica English: Panama rubber tree, Mexican rubber tree, uletree; Other: pulu mamoe (American Samoa) Moraceae tree
Casuarina cunninghamiana English: river oak, river she-oak, small cone ironwood Casuarinaceae tree
Casuarina glauca English: swamp oak, saltmarsh ironwood, longleaf ironwood, gray sheoak Casuarinaceae tree
Cecropia obtusifolia English:  trumpet tree, guarumo; Other: rau-māniota (Cook Islands) Cecropiaceae tree
Cecropia peltata English: trumpet tree; French: parasolier, faux-ricin, pisse-roux, bois cannon Cecropiaceae tree
Cedrela odorata English: cigar box cedar, Mexican cedar, West Indian cedar, Spanish cedar, Barbados cedar; French: cèdre acajou, cèdre des barbares; Other: sita hina (Tonga) Meliaceae tree
Ceiba pentandra English: kapok, kapok tree, silk-cotton tree, pacae; French: kapokier, capoc, bois coton; Other:  vavae (American Samoa, Samoa, Niue, Tonga); koton (Chuuk); algodon de Manila, atgodon di Manila, algidon, atgidon de Manila (Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, Guam); vavai (Cook Islands and French Polynesia); vavai mama‘u, vavai maori (Cook Islands); mama‘u (Cook Islands (Mangaia, Aitutaki?)); vauvau ni vavalangi, semar (Fiji); algodon de Manila, atgodon di Manila, algidon, atgidon de Manila (Guam); kuhtin, cutin (Kosrae); koatoa, atagodon, bulik, kotin (Marshall Islands); kalngebard, kalngebárd, kerrekar ngebard (Palau); cottin, koatun, koatoa (Pohnpei); arughuschel (Saipan), batte ni gan’ ken (Yap) Bombacaceae tree
Celosia argentea English: cockscomb; repe moa (French Polynesia); esechilamalk (Palau) Amaranthaceae herb
Cenchrus brownii English: burgrass, burr grass, sand-bur, slimbristle sandbur Poaceae grass
Centaurea melitensis English: Maltese cockspur, Maltese star thistle, Napa thistle, yellow star thistle; French: coix de Malte Asteraceae herb
Centaurium spicatum English: spiked centaury Gentianaceae fern
Centella asiatica English: Asiatic pennywort, Indian pennywort, marsh pennywort, pennyweed, sheep-rot, thankuni; French: écuelle d’eau, fausse violette; Other: kapukapu (Cook Islands); totondro, totono, tatandra (Fiji); pohe kula (Hawai’i); tonu (Niue); tono (Niue, Tonga); elisichur, elsichur (Palau); togo (Samoa) Apiaceae herb
Centratherum punctatum   Asteraceae herb
Centrosema pubescens English: centro, butterfly-pea; French: fleur-languette, pois bâtard; Other: piriarero (Cook Islands (Miti‘aro)); pi ni ndola (Fiji) Fabaceae vine
Cestrum diurnum English: inkberry, day jessamine, day cestrum, China berry; Other: ariki-va‘ine (Cook Islands); thauthau (Fiji); tinta ‘n-China, tentanchinu, tintan China (Guam, CNMI); makahala (Hawai’i); sugi vao, suni vao (Samoa); vaitohi (Tonga) Solanaceae shrub
Cestrum parqui English: green cestrum, willow-leaved jessamine, Chilean cestrum, green poison-berry Solanaceae shrub
Chamaecrista mimosoides English: Japanese tea Fabaceae herb
Chenopodium ambrosioides English: American wormseed, bluebush, Jerusalem tea, Mexican tea, Spanish-tea, wormseed; French: ambroisie du Mexique, herbe a puces; Other: wai ni ukuwomu (Fiji); apasotes, alapasotes (Chamorro-Guam) Chenopodiaceae herb
Chenopodium murale English: Australian-spinach, green fat hen, nettle-leaf goosefoot, salt-green, sowbane Chenopodiaceae herb
Chloris divaricata English: slender chloris, star grass, star windmill grass Poaceae grass
Chloris gayana English: Rhodes grass; French: chloris, herbe de Rhodes Poaceae grass
Chloris radiata English: plush-grass, radiate fingergrass Poaceae grass
Chloris virgata English: feather finger grass, feathered chloris, feathertop Rhodes grass, feathery Rhodes grass, oldland grass, sweet grass Poaceae grass
Chromolaena odorata English: chromolaena, Siam weed, triffid weed, bitter bush, Jack in the bush; French: herbe du Laos; Other: kesengesil, masigsig (Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, Guam); otuot (Chuuk), ngesngesil (Palau); wisolmatenrehwei (Pohnpei); mahsrihsrihk (Kosrae); hagonoy, agonoi, huluhagonoi (Philippines) Asteraceae shrub
Chrysobalanus icaco English: coco plum, icaco; French: prunier �ame�I, icacier, icaquier, icaque, prune colon; Other: apolo (Fiji) Chrysobalanaceae shrub
Chrysophyllum oliviforme English: satin leaf, wild star-apple, damson plum Sapotaceae tree
Chrysopogon aciculatus English: Mackie’s pest, lovegrass, seed grass, golden beardgrass, seedy grass (Solomon Islands); French: herbe plate, herbe à piquant; Other: matie ‘enua, mauku ko‘eko‘e (Cook Islands); tuakura (Cook Islands (Ngaputoru)); papapa (French Polynesia); inifuk, palaii (Guam); manienie ‘ula, pi‘ipi‘I, pilipili ‘ula (Hawai’i); mosie fisi (Niue); iul (Palau); mutia tai, mutia vao (Samoa); matapekepeke, matapekapeka matapekepeka (Tonga); herbe plate (Vanuatu) Poaceae grass
Cinchona pubescens English: quinine tree, red cinchona; French: quinquina rouge Rubiaceae tree
Cinnamomum burmanni English: padang cassia; French: cannelier de Malaisie Lauraceae tree
Cinnamomum camphora English: camphor tree, camphor laurel; French: camphre, camphrier Lauraceae tree
Cinnamomum verum English: cinnamon tree; French: cannelier de Ceylan; Other: ochod ra ngebard (Palau). Tinamoni, tigamoni (American Samoa and Samoa) Lauraceae tree
Cirsium vulgare English: spear thistle, Scotch thistle, bull thistle, black thistle, plume thistle; Other: pua kali (Hawai’i) Asteraceae herb
Cissus nodosa English: grape ivy Vitaceae vine
Citharexylum caudatum English: juniper berry Verbenaceae tree
Citharexylum spinosum English: fiddlewood; Other: masese (Fiji) Verbenaceae tree
Clausena excavata English: clausena Rutaceae tree
Cleome gynandra English: African spider-flower, bastard-mustard, cat’s-whiskers, spider wisp, wild spider flower; French: feuilles caya, mozambé; Other: honohina, ‘ili‘ohu (Hawai’i) Capparaceae herb
Cleome spinosa English: spiny spider-flower Capparaceae herb
Clerodendrum buchananii var. fallax English: red clerodendrum, pagoda-flower; Other: rākau tupopoku (Cook Islands (‘Atiu)); talufe (Niue); lau‘awa (Hawai’i); butcherechár, butecherechar (Palau); amo’ula, amo’ule (Tonga) Lamiaceae shrub
Clerodendrum chinense English: Honolulu rose, stickbush, glory bower; Other: losa Honolulu, losa Onolulu (American Samoa and Samoa); pītate māma‘o, tiare tupapaku? (Cook Islands); pikake hohono, pikake wauke (Hawai’i) Lamiaceae shrub
Clerodendrum japonicum English: glorybower Lamiaceae shrub
Clerodendrum paniculatum English: pagoda plant, pagoda flower; Other: butcherechár, butecherechar (Palau); tukehn sousou (Pohnpei) Lamiaceae shrub
Clerodendrum quadriloculare English: bronze-leaved clerodendrum; Other: tirooj in belle (Marshall Islands); kleuang (Palau); tuhkehn palau (Pohnpei); bagauac (Philippines); losa, losa Fiti (American Samoa and Samoa) Lamiaceae shrub
Clidemia hirta English: Koster’s curse, soap bush; French: canot-macaque; Other: kauresinga, kaurasinga, roinisinga, ndraunisinga, mara na bulumakau, mbona na mbulamakau, vuti (Fiji); kui, kúi (Palau); la‘au lau mamoe (Samoa), kaurasiga (from Ecoport, no source given) Melastomataceae shrub
Clusia rosea English: signature tree, autograph tree, copey, Scotch attorney, pitchapple Clusiaceae tree
Coccinia grandis English: ivy gourd, scarlet-fruited gourd; Other: kundru (Fiji); kiuri awia (Marshall Islands); aipikohr (Pohnpei) Cucurbitaceae vine
Coffea arabica English: coffee; French: café, caféier d’ Arabie; Other: kaope, kaope Maori (Cook Islands); kove (Fiji); kofe (Fiji, Niue, Samoa), kafe (French Polynesia – Marquesas); kohi (Palau); kofi (Tonga); taofe (Tahiti) Rubiaceae tree
Coix lacryma-jobi English: adlay, adlay millet, Job’s-tears; French: larmes de Job; Other: poepoe (Cook Islands, French Polynesia (Tahiti)), sila (Fiji); pū‘ohe‘ohe, kūkaekōlea, ‘ohe‘ohe, pūpū kōlea (Hawai’i); tangatanga (Niue); demairuuch, tauiir (Palau); sanasana, sagasaga (Samoa); hana (Tonga) Poaceae grass
Commelina benghalensis English: Benghal dayflower, dayflower, hairy wandering Jew, wandering Jew; Other: hairy honohono (Hawai’i); mau’u Tonga (Samoa); kanini, kaningi, musie matala pulu (Tonga) Commelinaceae herb
Commelina diffusa English: commelina, dayflower, wandering Jew, spiderwort; Other: mau‘u toga, mau‘u Tonga (American Samoa and Samoa); mauku-vai, mauku ‘oro‘enua, mauku puakatoro (Cook Islands); ai rorongi, ai rongorongo, airogorogo, cobulabula, rongomatailevu, thombulambula, matembulambula, drano,duludauwere, ndrano, ndulandauwere, luna, tho nggalonggalo (Fiji), ma‘apape (French Polynesia); semprebiban-damalong (Guam); honohono, honohono wai, mākolokolo (Hawai’i); mohuku vai, musie matala pulu (Tonga) Commelinaceae herb
Conocarpus erectus English: sea mulberry, buttonwood, button mangrove Combretaceae shrub/tree
Conyza aegyptiaca English: fleabane Asteraceae herb
Conyza canadensis English: butterweed, Canadian horseweed, Canadian fleabane, hogweed, horseweed Asteraceae herb
Conyza sumatrensis English: broadleaf fleabane, tall fleabane; Other: wavuwavu, tho ni vavalangi, tho ni papalangi, tumbua, thovuka, matakaro (Fiji); pakaka (Tonga) Asteraceae herb
Corchorus olitorius English: Jew’s mallow, jute, Nalta jute, tossa jute; French: corète potagère; Other: melokhia (Fiji) Tiliaceae herb
Corchorus trilocularis   Tiliaceae herb
Cordia alliodora English: laurel, Ecuador laurel, salmwood, Spanish elm; French: bois de Chypre, pardillo; Other: kotia (Samoa, Tonga) Boraginaceae tree
Cordia curassavica English: black sage Boraginaceae shrub
Cordia glabra English: broad-leaved cordia Boraginaceae tree
Coronopus didymus English: bittercress, swinecress, wart cress; Other: lesivao (Tonga) Brassicaceae herb
Cortaderia jubata English: jubata grass, Andean pampas grass, purple pampas grass Poaceae grass
Cortaderia selloana English: pampas grass, silver pampas grass, Uruguayan pampas grass Poaceae grass
Corynocarpus laevigatus English: New Zealand laurel, karakara nut Corynocarpaceae tree
Cosmos caudatus English: cosmos Asteraceae herb
Costus speciosus English: crepe ginger, crape ginger, wild ginger, Malay ginger, canereed; Other: isebsab (Palau) Zingiberaceae herb
Cotula australis Engllish: bachelor’s-button, carrotweed, common cotula, Australian brass buttons Asteraceae herb
Crassocephalum crepidioides English: thickhead, fireweed, redflower ragleaf; Other: fua lele, pualele (American Samoa and Samoa); maraburubo (Solomon Islands); fisi puna (Tonga); se vuka (Fiji) Asteraceae herb
Crotalaria linifolia English: narrow-leaved crotalaria Fabaceae herb
Crotalaria micans English: crotalaria; Other: pine kotalelia, pile (Niue) Fabaceae shrub
Crotalaria pallida English: salts rattlebox, smooth crotalaria, smooth rattlebox, smooth rattlepod, streaked rattlepod, striped crotalaria; French: crotalaire mucronée; Other: maniva (Cook Islands (‘Atiu)); nggiringgiri, kaumothe, toela, pini (Fiji); pikakani, kolomona (Hawai’i); pine kotalelia (Niue); pi’isi (Tonga) Fabaceae shrub
Crotalaria quinquefolia English: rattlepod; Other: mboa (Fiji); kaskabeles, cascanetas (Chamorro-Guam) Fabaceae herb
Crotalaria verrucosa English: blue-flower rattlepod, tooth-leaf rattlepod Fabaceae herb
Crotalaria trichotoma English: curara-pea Fabaceae herb
Cryptostegia grandiflora English: rubber vine, India rubber vine, Palay rubbervine; Other: liane de gatope (New Caledonia) Ascelepiadaceae vine
Cryptostegia madagascariensis English: Madagascar rubbervine Ascelepiadaceae vine
Cupaniopsis anacardioides English: carrotwood, tuckeroo Sapindaceae tree
Cuphea carthagenensis English: Columbian cuphea, Colombian waxweed, tarweed; Other: lasahia, kerisi (Fiji); laau fau moti (Samoa) Lythraceae herb
Cuscuta campestris English: golden dodder, field dodder, five-angled dodder; Other: tiaea (Cook Islands (Mangaia)); navereverelangi, wa vereverelangi, wa lawala, wa mbosuthu, wa ndanga, wa tikaivu, ndithangi (Fiji) Cuscutaceae vine
Cuscuta cassytoides   Cuscutaceae herb
Cyathea cooperi English: Australian tree fern; French: fougère arborescente d’Australia Cyatheaceae fern
Cyathula prostrata English: cyathula; Other: mata kura (Cook Islands (Miti’aro?); tolomo’unga (Tonga) Amaranthaceae herb
Cyclospermum leptophyllum English: fir-leaved celery, marsh parsley, slender celery Apiaceae herb
Cymbopogon refractus English: barbwire grass, soap grass; Other: ramga, othangithangi, thoyangiyangi (Fiji); aretu monoi, aretu noanoa (French Polynesia) Poaceae grass
Cyperus cyperinus English: long-headed sedge; Other: mue mue, mou upo tutu (French Polynesia) Cyperaceae sedge
Cyperus cyperoides Other: pako (Niue); tuise (Samoa); pako pako (Tonga) Cyperaceae sedge
Cyperus difformis English: dirty-Dora, one-arm sedge, rice sedge, small-flower umbrella-plant, variable flat sedge Cyperaceae sedge
Cyperus distans English: slender cyperus Cyperaceae sedge
Cyperus gracilis English: McCoy grass, slender sedge, whisker grass, whisker sedge; Other: mau‘u hunehune (Hawai’i) Cyperaceae sedge
Cyperus haspan   Cyperaceae sedge
Cyperus iria English: grasshopper’s cyperus, rice flat sedge, umbrella sedge; Other: mou, mou hairi (French Polynesia); badel aus (Palau) Cyperaceae sedge
Cyperus ligularis English: rocket sedge, swamp flatsedge Cyperaceae sedge
Cyperus pilosus   Cyperaceae sedge
Cyrtococcum oxyphyllum English: long-leaf cyrtococcum grass; Other: thovatu, osalasala (Fiji) Poaceae grass
Cyrtococcum patens   Poaceae grass
Cyrtococcum trigonum English: short-leaf cyrtococcum grass