Other risk assessments

Pacific Island Ecosystems at Risk (PIER)

Risk Assessments for some species not listed on PIER

Information on Risk Assessments

The following are generally species that have a WRA recommendation of "low risk" or are native or an early introduction in the Pacific region (excluding Hawai‘i).

Scientific name	Family	Common name	Risk Assessment	Country or area	WRA score	WRA recommendation
Abelia x grandiflora	Linnaeaceae	glossy abelia	Assessment	Pacific	-13	low risk
*Acacia stenophylla*	Fabaceae	river cooba	Assessment	Pacific	-2	low risk*
*Acalypha hispida*	Euphorbiaceae	chenille plant	Assessment	Pacific	2	low risk*
*Acalypha wilkesiana*	Euphorbiaceae	beefsteak plant	Assessment	Pacific	-2	low risk
Acalypha godseffiana	Euphorbiaceae	acalypha	Assessment	Pacific	-7	low risk
*Acmella grandiflora*	Asteraceae	Acmella	Assessment	Pacific	0	low risk
*Adansonia digitata*	Bombacaceae	baobab tree	Assessment	Pacific	-6	low risk
Adenium obesum	Apocynaceae	desert rose	Assessment	Pacific	-8	low risk
Aechmea blanchetiana	Bromeliaceae	orange blanchetiana	Assessment	Pacific	0	low risk
Aechmea fasciata	Bromeliaceae	urn plant	Assessment	Pacific	2	low risk*
*Afrocarpus falcatus*	Podpcar[aceae	bastard yellow wood	Assessment	Pacific	0	low risk
*Agathis robusta*	Araucariaceae	Queensland kauri	Assessment	Pacific	-5	low risk
Aglaia odorata	Meliaceae	Chinese perfume plant	Assessment	Pacific	-4	low risk
*Aglaonema nitidum*	Araceae	Aglaonema	Assessment	Pacific	0	low risk
*Albizia guachepele*	Fabaceae	chime tree	Assessment	Pacific	-4	low risk
*Allocasuarina verticillata*	Casuarinaceae	drooping she oak	Assessment	Pacific	-5	low risk
Alocasia sanderiana	Araceae	Kris plant	Assessment	Pacific	-2	low risk
Alnus nepalensis	Betulaceae	Nepalese alder	Assessment	Pacific	-2	low risk
Alphitonia zizyphoides	Rhamnaceae	toi	Assessment	Pacific	0	low risk
*Andira inermis*	Fabaceae	cabbage tree	Assessment	Pacific	-3	low risk
Anthurium hookeri	Araceae	birds nest anthurium	Assessment	Pacific	-6	low risk
*Arachis glabrata*	Fabaceae	perennial peanut	Assessment	Pacific	-1	low risk
*Arachis pintoi*	Fabaceae	perennial peanut	Assessment	Pacific	-1	low risk
*Araucaria columnaris*	Araucariaceae	Cooks pine	Assessment	Pacific	-5	low risk
*Araucaria heterophylla*	Araucariaceae	Norfolk Island pine	Assessment	Pacific	-5	low risk
*Areca catechu*	Palmae	betel nut palm	Assessment	Pacific	-4	low risk
*Artocarpus altilis*	Moraceae	breadfruit	Assessment	Pacific	-12	low risk
*Artocarpus heterophyllus*	Moraceae	jackfruit	Assessment	Pacific	1	low risk*
*Artocarpus odoratissimus*	Moraceae	marang	Assessment	Pacific	-3	low risk
*Aspidistra elatior*	Liliaceae	cast iron plant	Assessment	Pacific	-1	low risk
*Averrhoa carambola*	Oxalidaceae	starfruit	Assessment	Pacific	-1	low risk
*Barringtonia asiatica*	Lecythidaceae	sea putat	Assessment	Pacific	-8	low risk
*Bauhinia binata*	Fabaceae		Assessment	Pacific	-1	low risk
Bauhinia x blakeana	Fabaceae	Hong Kong orchid tree	Assessment	Pacific	-7	low risk
*Bauhinia tomentosa*	Fabaceae	yellow tree bauhinia	Assessment	Pacific	-1	low risk
Beaumontia grandiflora	Apocynaceae	Easter-lily-vine	Assessment	Pacific	-6	low risk
Beaumontia multiflora	Apocynaceae	herald's trumpet	Assessment	Pacific	-4	low risk
Bismarckia nobilis	Arecaceae	Bismarck palm	Assessment	Pacific	-7	low risk
Bolusanthus speciosus	Fabaceae	wisteria tree	Assessment	Pacific	-6	low risk
*Bougainvillea glabra*	Nyctaginaceae	paperflower	Assessment	Pacific	-1	low risk
Brachychiton acerifolius	Sterculiaceae	Illawarra flame tree	Assessment	Pacific	-5	low risk
Brahea armata	Arecaceae	blue hesper palm	Assessment	Pacific	3	low risk*
Brexia madagascariensis	Grossulariaceae	brexia	Assessment	Pacific	-6	low risk
*Broussonetia papyrifera*	Moraceae	paper mulberry	Assessment	Pacific	3	low risk**
Buchloe dactyloides	Poaceae	Amer buffalo grass	Assessment	Pacific	4.5	low risk*
Bucida buceras	Combretaceae	black olive	Assessment	Pacific	-3	low risk
*Bucida molinetii*	Combretaceae	spiny black olive	Assessment	Pacific	-3	low risk
*Caesalpinia bonduc*	Fabaceae	nickerbean	Assessment	Pacific	12	high risk**
*Caesalpinia major*	Fabaceae	yellow nicker	Assessment	Pacific	10	high risk**
Callistemon citrinus	Myrtaceae	crimson bottlebrush	Assessment	Pacific	0	low risk
Callistemon viminalis	Myrtaceae	weeping bottlebrush	Assessment	Pacific	3	low risk*
Callistemon rigidus	Myrtaceae	stiff bottlebrush	Assessment	Pacific	1	low risk*
Calophyllum inophyllum	Clusiaceae	kamani	Assessment	Pacific	6	evaluate**
*Carissa grandiflora*	Apocynaceae	Natal plum	Assessment	Pacific	-1	low risk
*Carpentaria acuminata*	Arecaceae	Carpentaria palm	Assessment	Pacific	-5	low risk
Cassia bakeriana	Fabaceae	pink shower tree	Assessment	Pacific	-2	low risk
*Cassia grandis*	Fabaceae	pink shower tree	Assessment	Pacific	-5	low risk
*Cassia javanica*	Fabaceae	pink shower tree	Assessment	Pacific	-1	low risk
*Cassia x nealiae*	Fabaceae	rainbow shower tree	Assessment	Pacific	-8	low risk
Catalpa longissima	Bignoniaceae	Jamaica oak	Assessment	Pacific	2	low risk*
*Ceratonia siliqua*	Fabaceae	carob tree	Assessment	Pacific	0	low risk
Cerbera manghas	Apocynaceae	pink-eyed cerbera	Assessment	Pacific	1	low risk*
*Chamelaucium uncinatum*	Asteraceae	Geraldton wax	Assessment	Pacific	-2.5	low risk
*Chorisia speciosa*	Bombacaceae	floss-silk tree	Assessment	Pacific	-7	low risk
*Cinnamomum aromaticum*	Lauraceae	chinese cinnamon	Assessment	Pacific	-3	low risk
*Citrus × Citrofortunella mitis*	Rutaceae	calamondin	Assessment	Pacific	0	low risk
Citrus maxima	Rutaceae	pummelo	Assessment	Pacific	0	low risk
Citrus x paradisi	Rutaceae	grapefruit	Assessment	Pacific	-8	low risk
Citrus reticulata	Rutaceae	Mandarin orange	Assessment	Pacific	-5	low risk
*Coccoloba uvifera*	Polygonaceae	sea grape	Assessment	Pacific	-5	low risk
*Cochlospermum vitifolium*	Bixaceae	buttercup tree	Assessment	Pacific	-4	low risk
*Codiaeum variegatum*	Euphorbiaceae	croton	Assessment	Pacific	-4	low risk
Colvillea racemosa	Fabaceae	Colville's glory	Assessment	Pacific	-8	low risk
Copernicia prunifera	Arecaceae	carnauba wax palm	Assessment	Pacific	0	low risk
*Coprosma repens*	Rubiaceae	creeping mirrorplant	Assessment	Pacific	1	low risk*
Cordia lutea	Boraginaceae	yellow geiger	Assessment	Pacific	-6	low risk
*Cordia subcordata*	Boraginaceae	kou	Assessment	Pacific	-3	low risk
Corymbia ficifolia	Myrtaceae	red-flowering gum	Assessment	Pacific	-7	low risk
Crassula ovata	Crassulaceae	jade plant	Assessment	Pacific	-4	low risk
*Crotalaria juncea*	Fabaceae	Indian hemp	Assessment	Pacific	-3	low risk
*Cryptomeria japonica*	Taxodiaceae	Japanese cedar	Assessment	Pacific	-3	low risk
*Curcuma longa*	Zingiberaceae	tumeric	Assessment	Pacific	-8	low risk
Cussonia paniculata	Araliaceae	mountain cabbage tree	Assessment	Pacific	-7	low risk
Cussonia spicata	Araliaceae	cabbage tree	Assessment	Pacific	-5	low risk
Cycas revoluta	Cycadaceae	king sago	Assessment	Pacific	-2	low risk
Cymbopogon citratus	Poaceae	lemongrass	Assessment	Pacific	-2	low risk
Dalbergia retusa	Fabaceae	Nicaragua rosewood	Assessment	Pacific	0	low risk
Dasylirion acrotrichum	Nolinaceae	green desert spoon	Assessment	Pacific	0	low risk
Dasylirion quadrangulatum	Nolinaceae	Mexican grass tree	Assessment	Pacific	-4	low risk
*Desmodium umbellatum*	Fabaceae	horse bush	Assessment	Pacific	5	low risk*
Dianella revoluta	Hemerocallidaceae	spreading flax lily	Assessment	Pacific	2	low risk*
Dianella tasmanica	Hemerocallidaceae	Tasman flax lily	Assessment	Pacific	0	low risk
Dichorisandra thyrsiflora	Commelinaceae	blue ginger	Assessment	Pacific	1	low risk*
*Dictyosperma album*	Arecaceae	hurricane palm	Assessment	Pacific	-3	low risk
Diphysa americana	Fabaceae	guachipelin	Assessment	Pacific	0	low risk
*Dolichos lablab*	lablab bean	fabaceae	Assessment	Pacific	-1	low risk
*Dracaena draco*	Agavaceae	dragon tree	Assessment	Pacific	-5	low risk
*Dracaena marginata*	Agavaceae	money tree	Assessment	Pacific	-1	low risk
*Dypsis decaryi*	Arecaceae	triangle palm	Assessment	Pacific	-7	low risk
Elaeodendron orientale	Celastraceae	false olive	Assessment	Pacific	-1	low risk
Eranthemum pulchellum	Acanthaceae	blue sage	Assessment	Pacific	0	low risk
*Erythrina crista-galli*	Fabaceae	cockspur coral tree	Assessment	Pacific	6	low risk*
*Erythrina variegata*	Fabaceae	coral tree	Assessment	Pacific	-2	low risk
Eucalyptus caesia	Myrtaceae	silver princess	Assessment	Pacific	0	low risk
Eucalyptus cinerea	Myrtaceae	silver dollar gum	Assessment	Pacific	4	low risk*
Eucalyptus cloeziana	Myrtaceae	Queensland messmate	Assessment	Pacific	-1	low risk
*Eucalyptus crebra*	Myrtaceae	ironbark	Assessment	Pacific	-1	low risk
*Eucalyptus deglupta*	Myrtaceae	Indonesian gum	Assessment	Pacific	2	low risk*
Eucalyptus dunnii	Myrtaceae	Dunn's white gum	Assessment	Pacific	0	low risk
Eucalyptus gardneri	Myrtaceae	blue mallet	Assessment	Pacific	0	low risk
*Eucalyptus intermedia*	Myrtaceae	bloodwood	Assessment	Pacific	1	low risk*
Eucalyptus kruseana	Myrtaceae	Kruse's mallee	Assessment	Pacific	0	low risk
*Eucalyptus microcorys*	Myrtaceae	Australian tallowwood	Assessment	Pacific	1	low risk*
Eucalyptus pellita	Myrtaceae	red mahogany	Assessment	Pacific	3	low risk*
Eucalyptus platypus	Myrtaceae	round-leaved moort	Assessment	Pacific	0	low risk
Eucalyptus salubris	Myrtaceae	gimlet	Assessment	Pacific	-3	low risk
Eucalyptus sideroxylon	Myrtaceae	black ironbark	Assessment	Pacific	2	low risk*
Eucalyptus stoatei	Myrtaceae	scarlet pear gum	Assessment	Pacific	-2	low risk
*Eucalyptus tereticornis*	Myrtaceae	forest red gum	Assessment	Pacific	5	low risk*
Eucalyptus torquata	Myrtaceae	coral gum	Assessment	Pacific	-1	low risk
Euphorbia cotinifolia	Euphorbiaceae	red spurge	Assessment	Pacific	-2	low risk
Euphorbia leucocephala	Euphorbiaceae	pascuita	Assessment	Pacific	-2	low risk
*Evolvulus glomeratus*	Convolvulaceae	blue daze	Assessment	Pacific	0	low risk
*Fagraea berteroana*	Loganiaceae	pua keni keni	Assessment	Pacific	-1	low risk
Ficus deltoidea	Moraceae	mistletoe fig	Assessment	Pacific	0	low risk
*Ficus lyrata*	Moraceae	fiddleleaf fig	Assessment	Pacific	-5	low risk
Ficus pumila	Moraceae	creeping fig	Assessment	Pacific	2	low risk*
*Ficus religiosa*	Moraceae	bodhi tree	Assessment	Pacific	-4	low risk
*Ficus tikoua*	Moraceae	waipahu fig	Assessment	Pacific	-3	low risk
*Galphimia gracilis*	Malphigiaceae	slender goldshower	Assessment	Pacific	-2	low risk
*Gardenia jasminoides*	Rubiaceae	Cape jasmine	Assessment	Pacific	0	low risk
*Gardenia taitensis*	Rubiaceae	Tahitian gardenia	Assessment	Pacific	-4	low risk
*Graptophyllum pictum*	Acanthaceae	caricature-plant	Assessment	Pacific	-5	low risk
Grewia occidentalis	Malvaceae	lavender star flower	Assessment	Pacific	-3	low risk
*Guaiacum officinale*	Zygophyllaceae	lignum vitae	Assessment	Pacific	-6	low risk
*Harpullia pendula*	Sapindaceae	tulipwood	Assessment	Pacific	-4	low risk
Heritiera littoralis	Sterculiaceae	looking-glass tree	Assessment	Pacific	-2	low risk
Hernandia ovigera	Hernandiaceae	jack in the box tree	Assessment	Pacific	-4	low risk
*Hernandia sonora*	Hernandiaceae	toporite	Assessment	Pacific	-5	low risk
*Hibiscus calyphyllus*	Malvaceae	lemonyellow rosemallow	Assessment	Pacific	1	low risk*
Hibiscus immaculatus	Malvaceae	koki‘o ke‘oke‘o	Assessment	Pacific	-3	low risk
Hibiscus insularis	Malvaceae	Philip Island hibiscus	Assessment	Pacific	-3	low risk
*Hibiscus rosa-sinensis*	Malvaceae	Chinese hibiscus	Assessment	Pacific	-2	low risk
Hibiscus schizopetalus	Malvaceae	coral hibiscus	Assessment	Pacific	-4	low risk
*Holmskioldia sanguinea*	Verbenaceae	Chinese hatplant	Assessment	Pacific	-1	low risk
Holmskioldia tettensis	Verbenaceae	purple Chinese hatplant	Assessment	Pacific	-5	low risk
*Hymenaea courbaril*	Fabaceae	West Indian locust	Assessment	Pacific	0	low risk
Hyophorbe lagenicaulis	Arecaceae	bottle palm	Assessment	Pacific	-3	low risk
*Indigofera teysmannii*	Fabaceae	neel	Assessment	Pacific	0