Plant Threats to Pacific Ecosystems

PIER plant species present on Cousin Island listed by scientific name

A product of the Pacific Island Ecosystems at Risk project (PIER)

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This table lists invasive and potentially invasive plant species profiled by the Pacific Island Ecosystems at Risk project (PIER) that occur on Cousin Island. It includes those of environmental concern (including those that are probably of threat only to islands with high elevations) as well as agricultural and ruderal weeds.  Each species is linked by its scientific name to an individual write-up containing relevant information.

The information in this table is based on the supporting data and may not represent the current situation. Note also there may be discrepancies among data presented at geographic resolutions (e.g., island vs. island group vs. country-territory-state levels), depending upon the reliability of the data at each level.

Species are listed in alphabetic order.  You can browse this list or use the "find" function on your web browser to search by scientific name.

Can't find it here?  Check the list of synonyms for other names (the more common synonyms are included below) or search other lists and databases available on the Internet.

Stumped by botanical terms?  Here are links to a brief glossary and a search engine for botanical terms.

Scientific name (+Family) Often-used other Latin names Habit Primarily a threat
at high elevations?
Abutilon indicum   (Malvaceae) Sida indica L. shrub No
Acalypha indica   (Euphorbiaceae)   herb No
Achyranthes aspera   (Amaranthaceae)   herb No
Adenanthera pavonina   (Fabaceae)   tree No
Alocasia macrorrhizos   (Araceae) Alocasia indica (Lour.) Spach; Alocasia plumbea Van Houtte; Arum indicum Lour.; Arum macrorrhizon L.; Colocasia indica (Lour.) Kunth herb No
Amaranthus dubius   (Amaranthaceae)   herb No
Annona muricata   (Annonaceae)   tree No
Annona squamosa   (Annonaceae) Annona asiatica L. tree No
Averrhoa bilimbi   (Oxalidaceae)   tree No
Bambusa spp.   (Poaceae)   tree-like grass No
Caesalpinia bonduc   (Fabaceae) Caesalpinia bonducella (L.) Fleming; Guilandina bonduc L. vine No
Capsicum frutescens   (Solanaceae)   herb No
Casuarina equisetifolia   (Casuarinaceae) Casuarina litorea L. ex Fosberg & Sachet tree No
Catharanthus roseus   (Apocynaceae) Lochnera rosea (L.) Reichb. ex Steud.; Vinca rosea L. herb No
Cenchrus echinatus   (Poaceae)   grass No
Centella asiatica   (Apiaceae) Hydrocotyle asiatica L.; Hydrocotyle erecta L. f. herb No
Citrus aurantiifolia   (Rutaceae) Citrus acida Roxb.; Citrus lima Lunan; Limonia aurantiifolia Christm. tree No
Cleome viscosa   (Cleomaceae) Arivela viscosa (L.) Raf.; Polanisia viscosa DC. herb No
Coffea arabica   (Rubiaceae)   tree No
Colocasia esculenta   (Araceae) Arum esculentum L.; Caladium esculentum (L.) Vent.; Colocasia antiquorum Schott herb No
Commelina diffusa   (Commelinaceae)   herb No
Crinum asiaticum   (Amaryllidaceae) Crinum amabile Donn ex Ker Gawl. herb No
Cyanthillium cinereum   (Asteraceae) Blumea chinensis (L.) DC.; Conyza chinensis L.; Conyza cinerea L.; Senecioides cinerea (L.) Kuntze ex Britt. & Wilson; Serratula cinerea (L.) Roxb.; Vernonia cinerea (L.) Less.; Vernonia cinerea var. parviflora (Reinw.) DC. herb No
Cyperus ligularis   (Cyperaceae) Mariscus ligularis (L.) Urb. sedge No
Datura metel   (Solanaceae) Datura alba Nees; Datura chlorantha Hook.; Datura fastuosa L. shrub No
Digitaria horizontalis   (Poaceae)   grass No
Eleusine indica   (Poaceae) Cynosurus indicus L.; Eleusine japonica Steud. grass No
Eragrostis amabilis   (Poaceae) Eragrostis plumosa (Retz.) Link; Eragrostis tenella (L.) P. Beauv. ex Roem. & Schult.; Poa tenella L. grass No
Eucalyptus camaldulensis   (Myrtaceae) Eucalyptus longirostris F. Muell. ex Miq.; Eucalyptus rostrata Schltdl. tree No
Euphorbia hirta   (Euphorbiaceae) Chamaesyce hirta (L.) Millsp.; Euphorbia pilulifera L. herb No
Euphorbia prostrata   (Euphorbiaceae) Chamaesyce prostrata (Aiton) Small herb No
Euphorbia thymifolia   (Euphorbiaceae) Chamaesyce thymifolia (L.) Millsp.; Euphorbia microphylla Lam. herb No
Euphorbia tirucalli   (Euphorbiaceae)   tree No
Furcraea foetida   (Asparagaceae) Agave foetida L.; Furcraea gigantea Vent. succulent No
Gliricidia sepium   (Fabaceae) Gliricidia maculata (Kunth) Kunth ex Walp. tree No
Heliotropium indicum   (Boraginaceae)   herb No
Ipomoea violacea   (Convolvulaceae) Convolvulus tuba Schlechtend.; Ipomoea macrantha Roem. & Schult.; Ipomoea tuba (Schlechtend.) G. Don vine No
Kalanchoe pinnata   (Crassulaceae) Bryophyllum calycinum Salisb.; Bryophyllum pinnatum (Lam.) Oken; Crassula pinnata L. f. succulent No
Kyllinga nemoralis   (Cyperaceae) Cyperus kyllingia Endl.; Kyllinga monocephala Rottb. sedge No
Lemna spp.   (Araceae)   aquatic herb No
Ludwigia octovalvis   (Onagraceae) Jussiaea erecta sensu various authors; Jussiaea suffruticosa L. herb No
Mangifera indica   (Anacardiaceae)   tree No
Mirabilis jalapa   (Nyctaginaceae)   herb No
Momordica charantia   (Cucurbitaceae) Momordica muricata Willd.; Momordica zeylanica Mill. vine No
Moringa oleifera   (Moringaceae) Moringa pterygospera C. F. Gaertn. tree No
Nicotiana tabacum   (Solanaceae)   herb No
Oldenlandia corymbosa   (Rubiaceae) Hedyotis corymbosa (L.) Lam. herb No
Panicum maximum   (Poaceae) Megathyrsus maximus (Jacq.) B. K. Simon & S. W. L. Jacobs; Urochloa maxima (Jacq.) R. Webster grass No
Passiflora foetida   (Passifloraceae)   vine No
Passiflora suberosa   (Passifloraceae)   vine No
Peperomia pellucida   (Piperaceae)   herb No
Persea americana   (Lauraceae)   tree No
Phyllanthus acidus   (Phyllanthaceae) Cicca nodiflora Lam. tree No
Phyllanthus amarus   (Phyllanthaceae) Phyllanthus niruri sensu various Pacific botanists herb No
Portulaca oleracea   (Portulacaceae)   herb No
Quisqualis indica   (Combretaceae)   vine No
Ricinus communis   (Euphorbiaceae)   shrub No
Senna occidentalis   (Fabaceae) Cassia occidentalis L. shrub No
Sesbania cannabina   (Fabaceae)   herb No
Sida acuta   (Malvaceae)   herb No
Spondias purpurea   (Anacardiaceae)   tree No
Stachytarpheta jamaicensis   (Verbenaceae)   herb No
Synedrella nodiflora   (Asteraceae)   herb No
Turnera ulmifolia   (Passifloraceae)   herb No

Need more info?  Have questions?  Comments?  Information to contribute?  Contact PIER! (pier@hear.org)

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