Global Compendium of Weeds
Tropaeolum majus (Tropaeolaceae)
Presented here is summary information about the species Tropaeolum majus from the Global Compendium of Weeds, and citations of references to this species as a weed. Definitions of terms are available in the GCW introduction 
. For further information--or to report corrections or concerns--contact webmaster@hear.org.
Synonyms/other Latin names: [ see GRIN ]
Status(es) (compiled for below "Data sources"): agricultural weed, casual alien, cultivation escape, environmental weed, garden thug, naturalised, weed [for definitions, see the GCW introduction .]
Origin (native to where): [no info]
Data sources:
CHECKLIST OF THE VASCULAR PLANTS OF FINLAND, based on Kurtto, A. & Lahti, T. 1987: Suomen putkilokasvien luettelo (Checklist of the vascular plants of Finland). - Pamphl. Bot. Mus. Univ. Helsinki 11: I.-VI + 1-163. The list includes all the vascular plants found in Finland up to 1987, excluding those only in cultivation (i.e. taxa found during the past few years - mainly casual plants or plants escaping from cultivation are missing, and erroneous records of the 1987 list have not been corrected) (cultivation escape)
A list of weed species from various New Zealand references to "weeds" compiled by P.A.Williams, Landcare Research, New Zealand. (naturalised, weed)
ANEXO 1 - Espécies introduzidas em Portugal continental - (I) Invasoras. Legislaçao Nacional Decreto-Lei no. 565/99 de 21-12-1999 (Versao 1 Originária) Decreto-Lei565/9921-12-1999 Ministério do Ambiente Regula a introduçao na natureza de espécies nao indígenas da flora e fauna. Espécies nao indígenas da flora e da fauna 21-12-1999295 fauna, flora, animais domésticos, espécies de fauna ameaçadas, protecçao dos animais, vegetaçao Direito do Ambiente 1999-12-21 S (naturalised)
Alanen, A., Bongard, T., Einarsson, E., Hansen, H., Hedlund, L., Jansson, K., Josefsson, M., Philipp, M., Sandlund, O.T., Svart, A.E., Svart, H.E. and Weidema, I. (2004?). Introduced Species in the Nordic Countries (Denmark) under Nordic Council of Ministers (NMR), subgroup Natur-og Friluftslivsgruppen. (casual alien, cultivation escape)
Alien plants of Fuerteventura, Canary Islands. Plantas extranjeras de Fuerteventura, Islas Canarias - korrigierte Fassung vom 23.01.2002 - Prof. Dr. Dietmar Brandes, Dipl.-Biol. Katrin Fritzsch. Arbeitsgruppe für Vegetationsökologie und experimentelle Pflanzensoziologie Botanisches Institut und Botanischer Garten der TU Braunschweig D-38023 Braunschweig. Abstract: The nowadays flora of Fuerteventura contains some 780 species. At least 119 species are aliens, some 150 further species of mediterranean and/or North African origin are probably introduced too. The estimated percentage of aliens therefore reaches 35 %. (naturalised)
Annual/Biennial Seed Germination Database (weed) http://www.anet.com/~manytimes/index.htm (weed) [ online info ]
Anon, (----). Species introduced in Continental Portugal [Espécies introduzidas em Portugal Continenta]. ICN - Instituto da Conservacao da Natureza. (naturalised)
Auld, B.A. and Medd, R.W. (1992) WEEDS, An illustrated botanical guide to the weeds of Australia. Inkata Press, Melbourne. (garden thug, weed)
Barker, W.R., R.M.Barker, J.P. Jessop & H.P. Vonow (Eds.) (2005). Census of South Australian Vascular Plants. 5th Edition. J. Adelaide Bot. Gard. Supplement 1. (Botanic Gardens of Adelaide & State Herbarium: Adelaide). (naturalised)
Blood, K. (2001) NOT USED IN HER BOOK (environmental weed)
Botond, M. & Zoltán, B.D.(eds.) (2004) Biological Invasions in Hungary. Invasive Plants. TermészetBUVAR Alapítvány Kiadó. (casual alien)
Brandes, D. (Dietmar) (2001) Urban flora of Sousse, Tunisia. Arbeitsgruppe für Vegetationsözkologie und experimentelle Pflanzensoziologie, Botanisches Institut und Botanischer Garten der TU Braunschweig. email: D.Brandes@tu-bs.de (weed)
Bushland Weeds of the Blue Mountains Region. These lists were compiled by the Blue Mountains Bushcare Network. PO Box 126 Leura, NSW, 2780 (environmental weed)
Bushland Weeds of the Sydney Region. These lists were compiled by the Bushland Weeds Education Group, Sydney (An initiative of the Australian Association of Bush Regenerators). They have been prepared by practising Bush Regenerators to provide information about which popular garden plants have been found to be troublesome or destructive weeds in bushland of the Sydney region. They can be considered reliable lists for horticultural educators, practising horticulturists and home gardeners, although they will no doubt be added to over the years. AABR c/- Total Environment Centre Level 2/ 362 Kent Street, Sydney 2000 ABN 33 053 528 029 Australian Association of Bush Regenerators (NSW) AABR Inc. (environmental weed, garden thug)
CALFLORA DATABASE Summaries of geographic distribution, habitat, and lifeform data for the approximately 8400 vascular plant taxa known to be native or naturalized in California, based on published literature as well as specific documented observations. (cultivation escape, weed)
Carr, G.W., Yugovic, J.V. and Robinson, K.E. (1992). Environmental Weed Invasions in Victoria. Department of Conservation and Environment. Melbourne (environmental weed)
Check-list of the Flowering Plants and Ferns of Cornwall and the Isles of Scilly - 1994 C.N. French and R.J. Murphy. University of Exeter (casual alien)
Chris Buddenhagen and Melanie Newfield (pers comm. 2001) A list of potential and actual environmental weeds for New Zealand. Department of Conservation. (environmental weed)
Clement, E.J. and Foster, M.C. (1994) Alien plants of the British Isles. Botanical Society of the British Isles, London. (garden thug, naturalised)
Colin C. Ogle (last revision May 2003). Adventive plants collected in the Wanganui Conservancy of the New Zealand Department of Conservation, 1988-present. (Unpublished working list). Author's address: 22 Forres St, Wanganui, New Zealand. Email: robcol.ogle@xtra.co.nz (naturalised)
Dana, E.D., Sanz, M., Vivas, S. and Sobrino, E. (2005). Especies Vegetales Invasoras en Andalucía. Junta de Andalucía. (Section devoted to this taxon).
Eduardo Chacón and Guido Saborío-R (2003) LISTA DE ESPECIES DE PLANTAS INTRODUCIDAS EN COSTA RICA. Asociación para la Conservación y el Estudio de la Biodiversidad (ACEBIO) [edchacon@gmail.com & gsaborio@gmail.com.] (cultivation escape, naturalised)
Environmental Weed List Victoria. Supplied by Weedmanager.Net (Source not cited but possibly drawn from Carr et al. Environmental Weeds of Victoria) (environmental weed)
Staples, George W., Derral Herbst & Clyde T. Imada (2000). Survey of Invasive or Potentially Invasive Cultivated Plants in Hawaii. A Special Publication of the Records of the Hawaii Biological Survey for 1999. Honolulu, Hawaii. (cultivation escape, environmental weed)
Hill, M., Baker, R., Broad, G., Chandler, P.J., Copp, G.H., Ellis, J., Jones, D., Hoyland, C., Laing, I., Longshaw, M., Moore, N., Parrott, D., Pearman, D., Preston, C., Smith, R.M. and Waters, R.(2005). Audit of non-native species in England. English Nature Research Reports N° 662, English Nature. (casual alien, cultivation escape)
Hussey, B.M.J., Keighery, G.J., Cousens, R.D., Dodd, J. and Lloyd. S.G. (1997). Western Weeds, a guide to the weeds of Western Australia. Plant Protection Society of Western Australia, Inc Western Australia. [list of images held in slide collection from original publication] (naturalised)
Introduced (Naturalised) Species to the United States [USDA, NRCS 1999. The PLANTS database. National Plant Data Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70874-4490 USA. ] (naturalised)
Introduced plants in Galapagos. Introduced Species Registered in the Charles Darwin Research Station Herbarium as present in Galapagos (616 species, not including questionably native species), November 2004. (naturalised)
John Hosking, NSW Department of Agriculture, Weed Database 30 April 2003 (naturalised)
Keighery, G. and Longman, V. (2004). The naturalized vascular plants of Western Australia 1: Checklist, environmental weeds and Distribution in IBRA Regions. Plant Protection Quarterly Vol.19 (1). pp:12-32. (environmental weed, naturalised)
Landcare Research New Zealand (2001) Plant Names Database. (naturalised)
lsinki 11: I.-VI + 1-163. The list includes all the vascular plants found in Finland up to 1987, excluding those only in cultivation (i.e. taxa found during the past few years - mainly casual plants or plants escaping from cultivation are missing, and erroneous records of the 1987 list have not been corrected) (cultivation escape)
A list of weed species from various New Zealand references to "weeds" compiled by P.A.Williams, Landcare Research, New Zealand. (naturalised, weed)
ANEXO 1 - Espécies introduzidas em Portugal continental - (I) Invasoras. Legislaçao Nacional Decreto-Lei no. 565/99 de 21-12-1999 (Versao 1 Originária) Decreto-Lei565/9921-12-1999 Ministério do Ambiente Regula a introduçao na natureza de espécies nao indígenas da flora e fauna. Espécies nao indígenas da flora e da fauna 21-12-1999295 fauna, flora, animais domésticos, espécies de fauna ameaçadas, protecçao dos animais, vegetaçao Direito do Ambiente 1999-12-21 S (naturalised)
Alanen, A., Bongard, T., Einarsson, E., Hansen, H., Hedlund, L., Jansson, K., Josefsson, M., Philipp, M., Sandlund, O.T., Svart, A.E., Svart, H.E. and Weidema, I. (2004?). Introduced Species in the Nordic Countries (Denmark) under Nordic Council of Ministers (NMR), subgroup Natur-og Friluftslivsgruppen. (casual alien, cultivation escape)
Alien plants of Fuerteventura, Canary Islands. Plantas extranjeras de Fuerteventura, Islas Canarias - korrigierte Fassung vom 23.01.2002 - Prof. Dr. Dietmar Brandes, Dipl.-Biol. Katrin Fritzsch. Arbeitsgruppe für Vegetationsökologie und experimentelle Pflanzensoziologie Botanisches Institut und Botanischer Garten der TU Braunschweig D-38023 Braunschweig. Abstract: The nowadays flora of Fuerteventura contains some 780 species. At least 119 species are aliens, some 150 further species of mediterranean and/or North African origin are probably introduced too. The estimated percentage of aliens therefore reaches 35 %. (naturalised)
Annual/Biennial Seed Germination Database (weed) http://www.anet.com/~manytimes/index.htm (weed) [ online info ]
Anon, (----). Species introduced in Continental Portugal [Espécies introduzidas em Portugal Continenta]. ICN - Instituto da Conservacao da Natureza. (naturalised)
Auld, B.A. and Medd, R.W. (1992) WEEDS, An illustrated botanical guide to the weeds of Australia. Inkata Press, Melbourne. (garden thug, weed)
Barker, W.R., R.M.Barker, J.P. Jessop & H.P. Vonow (Eds.) (2005). Census of South Australian Vascular Plants. 5th Edition. J. Adelaide Bot. Gard. Supplement 1. (Botanic Gardens of Adelaide & State Herbarium: Adelaide). (naturalised)
Blood, K. (2001) NOT USED IN HER BOOK (environmental weed)
Botond, M. & Zoltán, B.D.(eds.) (2004) Biological Invasions in Hungary. Invasive Plants. TermészetBUVAR Alapítvány Kiadó. (casual alien)
Brandes, D. (Dietmar) (2001) Urban flora of Sousse, Tunisia. Arbeitsgruppe für Vegetationsözkologie und experimentelle Pflanzensoziologie, Botanisches Institut und Botanischer Garten der TU Braunschweig. email: D.Brandes@tu-bs.de (weed)
Bushland Weeds of the Blue Mountains Region. These lists were compiled by the Blue Mountains Bushcare Network. PO Box 126 Leura, NSW, 2780 (environmental weed)
Bushland Weeds of the Sydney Region. These lists were compiled by the Bushland Weeds Education Group, Sydney (An initiative of the Australian Association of Bush Regenerators). They have been prepared by practising Bush Regenerators to provide information about which popular garden plants have been found to be troublesome or destructive weeds in bushland of the Sydney region. They can be considered reliable lists for horticultural educators, practising horticulturists and home gardeners, although they will no doubt be added to over the years. AABR c/- Total Environment Centre Level 2/ 362 Kent Street, Sydney 2000 ABN 33 053 528 029 Australian Association of Bush Regenerators (NSW) AABR Inc. (environmental weed, garden thug)
CALFLORA DATABASE Summaries of geographic distribution, habitat, and lifeform data for the approximately 8400 vascular plant taxa known to be native or naturalized in California, based on published literature as well as specific documented observations. (cultivation escape, weed)
Carr, G.W., Yugovic, J.V. and Robinson, K.E. (1992). Environmental Weed Invasions in Victoria. Department of Conservation and Environment. Melbourne (environmental weed)
Check-list of the Flowering Plants and Ferns of Cornwall and the Isles of Scilly - 1994 C.N. French and R.J. Murphy. University of Exeter (casual alien)
Chris Buddenhagen and Melanie Newfield (pers comm. 2001) A list of potential and actual environmental weeds for New Zealand. Department of Conservation. (environmental weed)
Clement, E.J. and Foster, M.C. (1994) Alien plants of the British Isles. Botanical Society of the British Isles, London. (garden thug, naturalised)
Colin C. Ogle (last revision May 2003). Adventive plants collected in the Wanganui Conservancy of the New Zealand Department of Conservation, 1988-present. (Unpublished working list). Author's address: 22 Forres St, Wanganui, New Zealand. Email: robcol.ogle@xtra.co.nz (naturalised)
Dana, E.D., Sanz, M., Vivas, S. and Sobrino, E. (2005). Especies Vegetales Invasoras en Andalucía. Junta de Andalucía. (Section devoted to this taxon).
Eduardo Chacón and Guido Saborío-R (2003) LISTA DE ESPECIES DE PLANTAS INTRODUCIDAS EN COSTA RICA. Asociación para la Conservación y el Estudio de la Biodiversidad (ACEBIO) [edchacon@gmail.com & gsaborio@gmail.com.] (cultivation escape, naturalised)
Environmental Weed List Victoria. Supplied by Weedmanager.Net (Source not cited but possibly drawn from Carr et al. Environmental Weeds of Victoria) (environmental weed)
Staples, George W., Derral Herbst & Clyde T. Imada (2000). Survey of Invasive or Potentially Invasive Cultivated Plants in Hawaii. A Special Publication of the Records of the Hawaii Biological Survey for 1999. Honolulu, Hawaii. (cultivation escape, environmental weed)
Hill, M., Baker, R., Broad, G., Chandler, P.J., Copp, G.H., Ellis, J., Jones, D., Hoyland, C., Laing, I., Longshaw, M., Moore, N., Parrott, D., Pearman, D., Preston, C., Smith, R.M. and Waters, R.(2005). Audit of non-native species in England. English Nature Research Reports N° 662, English Nature. (casual alien, cultivation escape)
Hussey, B.M.J., Keighery, G.J., Cousens, R.D., Dodd, J. and Lloyd. S.G. (1997). Western Weeds, a guide to the weeds of Western Australia. Plant Protection Society of Western Australia, Inc Western Australia. [list of images held in slide collection from original publication] (naturalised)
Introduced (Naturalised) Species to the United States [USDA, NRCS 1999. The PLANTS database. National Plant Data Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70874-4490 USA. ] (naturalised)
Introduced plants in Galapagos. Introduced Species Registered in the Charles Darwin Research Station HerbWildlife Atlas CAPS plant taxa - Census of Plants in New South Wales National Parks? New South Wales National Parks and Wildlife Service. (weed)
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This page was created on 13 September 2007 by PT, and was last updated on
04 October 2007
by PT based on data from Rod Randall's Global Compendium of Weeds database dated 24 January 2007.
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