Global Compendium of Weeds
Silybum marianum (Asteraceae)
Presented here is summary information about the species Silybum marianum from the Global Compendium of Weeds, and citations of references to this species as a weed. Definitions of terms are available in the GCW introduction 
. For further information--or to report corrections or concerns--contact webmaster@hear.org.
Synonyms/other Latin names: [ see GRIN ]
Status(es) (compiled for below "Data sources"): agricultural weed, casual alien, cultivation escape, environmental weed, garden thug, naturalised, noxious weed, weed [for definitions, see the GCW introduction .]
Origin (native to where): [no info]
Data sources:
Class A Weeds Whitman County Washington State. (noxious weed)
CHECKLIST OF THE VASCULAR PLANTS OF FINLAND, based on Kurtto, A. & Lahti, T. 1987: Suomen putkilokasvien luettelo (Checklist of the vascular plants of Finland). - Pamphl. Bot. Mus. Univ. Helsinki 11: I.-VI + 1-163. The list includes all the vascular plants found in Finland up to 1987, excluding those only in cultivation (i.e. taxa found during the past few years - mainly casual plants or plants escaping from cultivation are missing, and erroneous records of the 1987 list have not been corrected) (casual alien)
Exotic Plant Species List Scientific and Common Names of known Exotic Plant Species in the Redwood National and State Parks. This list of exotic species was compiled from the park's plant species lists and herbarium specimens. The inventory of species and associated threat assessment are essential parts of the parks' Exotic Plant Management Plan. California State Parks, US National Park Service. Last Update: June 13, 2001 (environmental weed)
A list of weed species from various New Zealand references to "weeds" compiled by P.A.Williams, Landcare Research, New Zealand. (naturalised, weed)
Hadar, A., Y. Chachlon, H. Yovel, G. Colodney, S. Glidai and Shuli Tal (1988). Derby for Postemergence Broadleaves Control in Wheat Tarsis-Agrichem, Petah Tiqwa 49002, Israel [Fax: +972-3-9243618; e-mail: tar agr@netvision.net.il] ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS PRESENTED AT THE 15TH CONFERENCE OF THEWEED SCIENCE SOCIETY OF ISRAEL March 4, 1998 ARO, The Volcani Center, Bet Dagan, Israel (agricultural weed)
Alanen, A., Bongard, T., Einarsson, E., Hansen, H., Hedlund, L., Jansson, K., Josefsson, M., Philipp, M., Sandlund, O.T., Svart, A.E., Svart, H.E. and Weidema, I. (2004?). Introduced Species in the Nordic Countries (Denmark) under Nordic Council of Ministers (NMR), subgroup Natur-og Friluftslivsgruppen. (cultivation escape)
Alien Plants in Korea. National Institute of Environmental Research. NIER : nier.go.kr Director. Deok-Gil Rhee. July 2004. (naturalised)
Alien Species. On March 10, the Japanese Cabinet submitted the bill dealing with invasive alien species to the Diet. The Diet passed the bill without amendments and the Invasive Alien Species Act was promulgated as of June 2, 2004. List of alien species recognized to be established in Japan or found in the Japanese wild (as of October 27, 2004) [PDF] (naturalised)
Alien plants of Fuerteventura, Canary Islands. Plantas extranjeras de Fuerteventura, Islas Canarias - korrigierte Fassung vom 23.01.2002 - Prof. Dr. Dietmar Brandes, Dipl.-Biol. Katrin Fritzsch. Arbeitsgruppe für Vegetationsökologie und experimentelle Pflanzensoziologie Botanisches Institut und Botanischer Garten der TU Braunschweig D-38023 Braunschweig. Abstract: The nowadays flora of Fuerteventura contains some 780 species. At least 119 species are aliens, some 150 further species of mediterranean and/or North African origin are probably introduced too. The estimated percentage of aliens therefore reaches 35 %. (naturalised)
Anon (1992). The Grower's Weed Identification Handbook by Family and by Aphabetical Listing. Publication 4030. - Division of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of California. (agricultural weed)
Arasi Lawrence Company TM. Weeds of Egypt. (weed)
Argentina AGRO Management Malezas Incluidas. Argentinian Software Development Company. (weed)
Auld, B.A. and Medd, R.W. (1992) WEEDS, An illustrated botanical guide to the weeds of Australia. Inkata Press, Melbourne. (weed)
Barker, N. and Wood, J. (1998). Seed Impurities of Grain: an identification kit. Vicgrain Ltd. Victoria. (small pocket sized pictorial guide to the weed seeds commonly found in bulk grains)
Barker, W.R., R.M.Barker, J.P. Jessop & H.P. Vonow (Eds.) (2005). Census of South Australian Vascular Plants. 5th Edition. J. Adelaide Bot. Gard. Supplement 1. (Botanic Gardens of Adelaide & State Herbarium: Adelaide). (naturalised)
Blood, K. (2001) NOT USED IN HER BOOK (environmental weed)
Botond, M. & Zoltán, B.D.(eds.) (2004) Biological Invasions in Hungary. Invasive Plants. TermészetBUVAR Alapítvány Kiadó. (casual alien)
Boulos, L., and Nabil el-Hadidi, M (1994). The Weed Flora of Egypt. The American University in Cario press, Cario, Egypt. (agricultural weed)
Brandes, D. (Dietmar) (2001) Urban flora of Sousse, Tunisia. Arbeitsgruppe für Vegetationsözkologie und experimentelle Pflanzensoziologie, Botanisches Institut und Botanischer Garten der TU Braunschweig. email: D.Brandes@tu-bs.de (weed)
CALFLORA DATABASE Summaries of geographic distribution, habitat, and lifeform data for the approximately 8400 vascular plant taxa known to be native or naturalized in California, based on published literature as well as specific documented observations. (weed)
Carr, G.W., Yugovic, J.V. and Robinson, K.E. (1992). Environmental Weed Invasions in Victoria. Department of Conservation and Environment. Melbourne (environmental weed)
Castro, S.A., Figueroa, J.A., Munoz-Schick, M. and Jaksic, F.M. (2005) Minimum residence time,biogeographical origin, and life cycle as determinants of the geographical extent of naturalized plants in continental Chile. Diversity and Distributions 11: 183-191. Appendix S1 Checklist of 428 naturalized plants in continental Chile, their first record date (FRD), life cycle (LC), biogeographic origin (BO), and number of administrative regions occupied (ARO). Am: America; Eu: Europe; As: Asia; Af: Africa; Au: Australia; N.Z.: New Zealand; Pan: Pantropical; Cosmo: Cosmopolitan; Tro: Tropical. (naturalised)
Check-list of the Flowering Plants and Ferns of Cornwall and the Isles of Scilly - 1994 C.N. French and R.J. Murphy. University of Exeter (naturalised)
Chris Buddenhagen and Melanie Newfield (pers comm. 2001) A list of potential and actual environmental weeds for New Zealand. Department of Conservation. (environmental weed)
Clement, E.J. and Foster, M.C. (1994) Alien plants of the British Isles. Botanical Society of the British Isles, London. (garden thug, naturalised)
Colin C. Ogle (last revision May 2003). Adventive plants collected in the Wanganui Conservancy of the New Zealand Department of Conservation, 1988-present. (Unpublished working list). Author's address: 22 Forres St, Wanganui, New Zealand. Email: robcol.ogle@xtra.co.nz (naturalised)
Conabio » Programa de especies invasoras » Especies invasoras plantas (Mexico)
Darbyshire, S.J. (2003). Inventory of Canadian Agricultural Weeds. Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada. Ottawa, Ontario. (agricultural weed)
Darrow, R.A. Erickson, L.C. Holstrum, J.T.Jnr., Miller, J.F., Scudder, W.F. and Williams, J.L. Jnr. (1966) Report of the Terminology Committee, Standardized Names of Weeds. WSSA (14), 346-386. Weed Science Society of America. (weed)
Parsons, W.T. and Cuthbertson, E.G. (1992). Noxious Weeds of Australia. Inkata Press, Melbourne & Sydney. (noxious weed)
Pat Enwright (2003) Adventive species of the Wellington Conservancy ecological district. Project initiated by John Sawyer of D.O.C and further refined and updated by Colin Ogle of Wanganui before Ewen Cameron and Mei Nee Lee of the Auckland Museum herbarium very kindly provided lists of adventive species by ecological district for the Wellington Conservancy from the AK database. I must also thank Ewen Cameron and Rhys Gardner for identification of a number of specimens included in this list, Phillipa Crisp from W.R.C. also supplied information on species recorded by or on behalf of W.R.C and not already included in the database. Pat Enwright pers. comm. [Pat.Enright@nz.towerlimited.com] (naturalised)
s Whitman County Washington State. (noxious weed)
CHECKLIST OF THE VASCULAR PLANTS OF FINLAND, based on Kurtto, A. & Lahti, T. 1987: Suomen putkilokasvien luettelo (Checklist of the vascular plants of Finland). - Pamphl. Bot. Mus. Univ. Helsinki 11: I.-VI + 1-163. The list includes all the vascular plants found in Finland up to 1987, excluding those only in cultivation (i.e. taxa found during the past few years - mainly casual plants or plants escaping from cultivation are missing, and erroneous records of the 1987 list have not been corrected) (casual alien)
Exotic Plant Species List Scientific and Common Names of known Exotic Plant Species in the Redwood National and State Parks. This list of exotic species was compiled from the park's plant species lists and herbarium specimens. The inventory of species and associated threat assessment are essential parts of the parks' Exotic Plant Management Plan. California State Parks, US National Park Service. Last Update: June 13, 2001 (environmental weed)
A list of weed species from various New Zealand references to "weeds" compiled by P.A.Williams, Landcare Research, New Zealand. (naturalised, weed)
Hadar, A., Y. Chachlon, H. Yovel, G. Colodney, S. Glidai and Shuli Tal (1988). Derby for Postemergence Broadleaves Control in Wheat Tarsis-Agrichem, Petah Tiqwa 49002, Israel [Fax: +972-3-9243618; e-mail: tar agr@netvision.net.il] ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS PRESENTED AT THE 15TH CONFERENCE OF THEWEED SCIENCE SOCIETY OF ISRAEL March 4, 1998 ARO, The Volcani Center, Bet Dagan, Israel (agricultural weed)
Alanen, A., Bongard, T., Einarsson, E., Hansen, H., Hedlund, L., Jansson, K., Josefsson, M., Philipp, M., Sandlund, O.T., Svart, A.E., Svart, H.E. and Weidema, I. (2004?). Introduced Species in the Nordic Countries (Denmark) under Nordic Council of Ministers (NMR), subgroup Natur-og Friluftslivsgruppen. (cultivation escape)
Alien Plants in Korea. National Institute of Environmental Research. NIER : nier.go.kr Director. Deok-Gil Rhee. July 2004. (naturalised)
Alien Species. On March 10, the Japanese Cabinet submitted the bill dealing with invasive alien species to the Diet. The Diet passed the bill without amendments and the Invasive Alien Species Act was promulgated as of June 2, 2004. List of alien species recognized to be established in Japan or found in the Japanese wild (as of October 27, 2004) [PDF] (naturalised)
Alien plants of Fuerteventura, Canary Islands. Plantas extranjeras de Fuerteventura, Islas Canarias - korrigierte Fassung vom 23.01.2002 - Prof. Dr. Dietmar Brandes, Dipl.-Biol. Katrin Fritzsch. Arbeitsgruppe für Vegetationsökologie und experimentelle Pflanzensoziologie Botanisches Institut und Botanischer Garten der TU Braunschweig D-38023 Braunschweig. Abstract: The nowadays flora of Fuerteventura contains some 780 species. At least 119 species are aliens, some 150 further species of mediterranean and/or North African origin are probably introduced too. The estimated percentage of aliens therefore reaches 35 %. (naturalised)
Anon (1992). The Grower's Weed Identification Handbook by Family and by Aphabetical Listing. Publication 4030. - Division of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of California. (agricultural weed)
Arasi Lawrence Company TM. Weeds of Egypt. (weed)
Argentina AGRO Management Malezas Incluidas. Argentinian Software Development Company. (weed)
Auld, B.A. and Medd, R.W. (1992) WEEDS, An illustrated botanical guide to the weeds of Australia. Inkata Press, Melbourne. (weed)
Barker, N. and Wood, J. (1998). Seed Impurities of Grain: an identification kit. Vicgrain Ltd. Victoria. (small pocket sized pictorial guide to the weed seeds commonly found in bulk grains)
Barker, W.R., R.M.Barker, J.P. Jessop & H.P. Vonow (Eds.) (2005). Census of South Australian Vascular Plants. 5th Edition. J. Adelaide Bot. Gard. Supplement 1. (Botanic Gardens of Adelaide & State Herbarium: Adelaide). (naturalised)
Blood, K. (2001) NOT USED IN HER BOOK (environmental weed)
Botond, M. & Zoltán, B.D.(eds.) (2004) Biological Invasions in Hungary. Invasive Plants. TermészetBUVAR Alapítvány Kiadó. (casual alien)
Boulos, L., and Nabil el-Hadidi, M (1994). The Weed Flora of Egypt. The American University in Cario press, Cario, Egypt. (agricultural weed)
Brandes, D. (Dietmar) (2001) Urban flora of Sousse, Tunisia. Arbeitsgruppe für Vegetationsözkologie und experimentelle Pflanzensoziologie, Botanisches Institut und Botanischer Garten der TU Braunschweig. email: D.Brandes@tu-bs.de (weed)
CALFLORA DATABASE Summaries of geographic distribution, habitat, and lifeform data for the approximately 8400 vascular plant taxa known to be native or naturalized in California, based on published literature as well as specific documented observations. (weed)
Carr, G.W., Yugovic, J.V. and Robinson, K.E. (1992). Environmental Weed Invasions in Victoria. Department of Conservation and Environment. Melbourne (environmental weed)
Castro, S.A., Figueroa, J.A., Munoz-Schick, M. and Jaksic, F.M. (2005) Minimum residence time,biogeographical origin, and life cycle as determinants of the geographical extent of naturalized plants in continental Chile. Diversity and Distributions 11: 183-191. Appendix S1 Checklist of 428 naturalized plants in continental Chile, their first record date (FRD), life cycle (LC), biogeographic origin (BO), and number of administrative regions occupied (ARO). Am: America; Eu: Europe; As: Asia; Af: Africa; Au: Australia; N.Z.: New Zealand; Pan: Pantropical; Cosmo: Cosmopolitan; Tro: Tropical. (naturalised)
Check-list of the Flowering Plants and Ferns of Cornwall and the Isles of Scilly - 1994 C.N. French and R.J. Murphy. University of Exeter (naturalised)
Chris Buddenhagen and Melanie Newfield (pers comm. 2001) A list of potential and actual environmental weeds for New Zealand. Department of Conservation. (environmental weed)
Clement, E.J. and Foster, M.C. (1994) Alien plants of the British Isles. Botanical Society of the British Isles, London. (garden thug, naturalised)
Colin C. Ogle (last revision May 2003). Adventive plants collected in the Wanganui Conservancy of the New Zealand Department of Conservation, 1988-present. (Unpublished working list). Author's address: 22 Forres St, Wanganui, New Zealand. Email: robcol.ogle@xtra.co.nz (naturalised)
Conabio » Programa de especies invasoras » Especies invasoras plantas (Mexico)
Darbyshire, S.J. (2003). Inventory of Canadian Agricultural Weeds. Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada. Ottawa, Ontario. (agricultural weed)
Darrow, R.A. Erickson, L.C. Holstrum, J.T.Jnr., Miller, J.F., Scudder, W.F. and Williams, J.L. Jnr. (1966) Report of the Terminology Committee, Standardized Names of Weeds. WSSA (14), 346-386. Weed Science Society of America. (weed)
Parsons, W.T. and Cuthbertson, E.G. (1992). Noxious Weeds of Australia. Inkata Press, Melbourne & Sydney. (noxiWilson, B.J., Hawton, D. and Duff, A.A. (1995). Crop Weeds of Northern Australia. Department of Primary Industries Queensland. (agricultural weed)
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This page was created on 13 September 2007 by PT, and was last updated on
04 October 2007
by PT based on data from Rod Randall's Global Compendium of Weeds database dated 24 January 2007.
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