Global Compendium of Weeds
Opuntia ficus-indica (Cactaceae)
Presented here is summary information about the species Opuntia ficus-indica from the Global Compendium of Weeds, and citations of references to this species as a weed. Definitions of terms are available in the GCW introduction 
. For further information--or to report corrections or concerns--contact webmaster@hear.org.
Synonyms/other Latin names: [ see GRIN ]
Status(es) (compiled for below "Data sources"): agricultural weed, cultivation escape, environmental weed, garden thug, naturalised, noxious weed, weed [for definitions, see the GCW introduction .]
Origin (native to where): [no info]
Data sources:
2006/115 Non-indigenous flora of the Azores Archipelago (PT) EPPO Reporting Service, NO. 5, PARIS, 2006-05-01
ANEXO 1 - Espécies introduzidas em Portugal continental - (I) Invasoras. Legislaçao Nacional Decreto-Lei no. 565/99 de 21-12-1999 (Versao 1 Originária) Decreto-Lei565/9921-12-1999 Ministério do Ambiente Regula a introduçao na natureza de espécies nao indígenas da flora e fauna. Espécies nao indígenas da flora e da fauna 21-12-1999295 fauna, flora, animais domésticos, espécies de fauna ameaçadas, protecçao dos animais, vegetaçao Direito do Ambiente 1999-12-21 S (naturalised)
Alien Species. On March 10, the Japanese Cabinet submitted the bill dealing with invasive alien species to the Diet. The Diet passed the bill without amendments and the Invasive Alien Species Act was promulgated as of June 2, 2004. List of alien species recognized to be established in Japan or found in the Japanese wild (as of October 27, 2004) [PDF] (naturalised)
Alien plants of Fuerteventura, Canary Islands. Plantas extranjeras de Fuerteventura, Islas Canarias - korrigierte Fassung vom 23.01.2002 - Prof. Dr. Dietmar Brandes, Dipl.-Biol. Katrin Fritzsch. Arbeitsgruppe für Vegetationsökologie und experimentelle Pflanzensoziologie Botanisches Institut und Botanischer Garten der TU Braunschweig D-38023 Braunschweig. Abstract: The nowadays flora of Fuerteventura contains some 780 species. At least 119 species are aliens, some 150 further species of mediterranean and/or North African origin are probably introduced too. The estimated percentage of aliens therefore reaches 35 %. (naturalised)
An analysis of 233 species of important and potentially important invasive plants in South Africa (i.e. the reason for importation). The species were extracted from the book Henderson, L. 2001. Alien weeds and invasive plants. Plant Protection Research Institute Handbook No. 12. (L. Henderson pers. comm.)
Anon, (----). Species introduced in Continental Portugal [Espécies introduzidas em Portugal Continenta]. ICN - Instituto da Conservacao da Natureza. (naturalised)
Auld, B.A. and Medd, R.W. (1992) WEEDS, An illustrated botanical guide to the weeds of Australia. Inkata Press, Melbourne. (weed)
Barker, W.R., R.M.Barker, J.P. Jessop & H.P. Vonow (Eds.) (2005). Census of South Australian Vascular Plants. 5th Edition. J. Adelaide Bot. Gard. Supplement 1. (Botanic Gardens of Adelaide & State Herbarium: Adelaide). (naturalised)
Brandes, D. (Dietmar) (2001) Urban flora of Sousse, Tunisia. Arbeitsgruppe für Vegetationsözkologie und experimentelle Pflanzensoziologie, Botanisches Institut und Botanischer Garten der TU Braunschweig. email: D.Brandes@tu-bs.de (weed)
Bromilow, C. (1995) Problem Plants of South Africa. Briza Publications, Arcardia, South Africa. (weed)
Carr, G.W., Yugovic, J.V. and Robinson, K.E. (1992). Environmental Weed Invasions in Victoria. Department of Conservation and Environment. Melbourne (environmental weed)
China Species Information Service. Invasive Aliens Species in China.
Cronk, Q.C.B and Fuller, J.L. (1995). Plant Invaders, The threat to natural ecosystems. Chapman and Hall United Kingdom (environmental weed)
Dana, E.D., Sanz, M., Vivas, S. and Sobrino, E. (2005). Especies Vegetales Invasoras en Andalucía. Junta de Andalucía. (Section devoted to this taxon).
Declared Weeds and Invader plants of South Africa (2000) (noxious weed)
Environmental Weed List Victoria. Supplied by Weedmanager.Net (Source not cited but possibly drawn from Carr et al. Environmental Weeds of Victoria) (environmental weed)
Fern, K. (1992-97). Plants for a Future. A resource centre for edible and other useful plants. The Field, Penpol, Lostwithiel, Cornwall, PL22 0NG, England. (naturalised)
Staples, George W., Derral Herbst & Clyde T. Imada (2000). Survey of Invasive or Potentially Invasive Cultivated Plants in Hawaii. A Special Publication of the Records of the Hawaii Biological Survey for 1999. Honolulu, Hawaii. (cultivation escape, environmental weed)
Germplasm Resources Information Network G.R.I.N. GRIN (naturalised, weed)
Henderson, L. (1995). Plant Invaders of Southern Africa. Plant Protection Research Institute Handbook N°5. Agriculture Research Council. (noxious weed)
Henderson, L. (2001) Alien Weeds and Invasive Plants. Plant Protection Research Institute & Agricultural Research Council, South Africa. (cultivation escape, noxious weed)
Henderson, L. and Musil, K.J. (1987). Plant Invaders of the Transvaal. Department of Agriculture and Water Supply. Pretoria, South Africa (environmental weed, weed)
Henderson, M., Fourie, D.M.C., Wells, M.J. and Henderson, L. (1987). "Declared weeds and alien invader plants in South Africa." Department of Agriculture and Water Supply. Pretoria, South Africa (noxious weed)
Henderson, M., and Anderson, JG. (1966). Common Weeds of South Africa. Memoirs of the Botanical Surveys of South Africa N° 37, Department of Agriculture, Technical Services, Republic of South Africa. (weed)
Holm, L. G., Pancho, J. V., Herberger, J. P. and Plucknett, D. L. (1979). A Geographical Atlas of World Weeds. John Wiley and Sons NewYork, USA (weed)
I3N-Paraguay Datasets. Naturalised Flora. (naturalised)
INVASIVE SPECIES IN URBAN AND SUBURBAN COENOSIC IN CENTRAL ITALY. Cagiotti M.R., Ranfa A., Marinangeli F., Maovaz M. Department of Plant Biology, Environment section. Borgo XX giugno, 74 - 06100 Perugia Italy cagdipvg@unipg.it 5th International Conference Ecology of Invasive Alien Plants, 13-16 October 1999 La Maddalena, Sardinia - ITALY (naturalised)
Introduced (Naturalised) Flora of Ecuador: Catalogs on Web site of owners: http://www.ambiente.gov.ec/AMBIENTE/i3n2000 I3N.htm (If this link is broken, try www.ambiente.gov.ec, then access the data by clicking on "Ecuador Megadiverso" link at the top, then on "Biodiversidad del Ecuador" on the right, then on ""I3N"" on the left.) (naturalised) [ online info ]
Introduced (Naturalised) Species to the United States [USDA, NRCS 1999. The PLANTS database. National Plant Data Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70874-4490 USA. ] (naturalised)
Introduced plants in Galapagos. Introduced Species Registered in the Charles Darwin Research Station Herbarium as present in Galapagos (616 species, not including questionably native species), November 2004. (naturalised)
John Hosking, NSW Department of Agriculture, Weed Database 30 April 2003 (naturalised)
Liogier, H.A. (2000). Flora of Puerto Rico and Adjacent Islands. A Systematic Synopsis. (2nd Edition). Universidad de Puerto Rico (cultivation escape, weed)
List of Mediterranean Weeds compiled by Sarah Brunel as part of the Medit Weeds Workshop June 2005. Chargée de mission "Plantes envahissantes" Conservatoire Botanique National Méditerranéen de Porquerolles 34 090 MONTPELLIER FRANCE
Liu, J., Dong, M., Miao, S.L., Li, Z.Y., Song, M.H. & Wang, R.Q. (2006). Invasive alien plants in China: role of clonality and geographical origin. Biological Invasions 8: pp:1461-1470.
MAF BIOSECURITY AUTHORITY STANDARD. 155.02.05. Importation of Seed for Sowing. 1.5.1 QUARANTINE IMPURITIES. No seed lot will be released for sowing in New Zealand if it contains: * unidentified seed * regulated pests * in excess of 0.1% by weight of soil particles * seed of any of the quarantine weed species listed in the schedule below. 1.5.2 SCHEDULE OF REGULATED (QUARANTINE) WEED SEEDS
Marticorena, C. (2000?) Naturalised Plants of Chile. University of Santiago Herbarium. (naturalised)
PPO Reporting Service, NO. 5, PARIS, 2006-05-01
ANEXO 1 - Espécies introduzidas em Portugal continental - (I) Invasoras. Legislaçao Nacional Decreto-Lei no. 565/99 de 21-12-1999 (Versao 1 Originária) Decreto-Lei565/9921-12-1999 Ministério do Ambiente Regula a introduçao na natureza de espécies nao indígenas da flora e fauna. Espécies nao indígenas da flora e da fauna 21-12-1999295 fauna, flora, animais domésticos, espécies de fauna ameaçadas, protecçao dos animais, vegetaçao Direito do Ambiente 1999-12-21 S (naturalised)
Alien Species. On March 10, the Japanese Cabinet submitted the bill dealing with invasive alien species to the Diet. The Diet passed the bill without amendments and the Invasive Alien Species Act was promulgated as of June 2, 2004. List of alien species recognized to be established in Japan or found in the Japanese wild (as of October 27, 2004) [PDF] (naturalised)
Alien plants of Fuerteventura, Canary Islands. Plantas extranjeras de Fuerteventura, Islas Canarias - korrigierte Fassung vom 23.01.2002 - Prof. Dr. Dietmar Brandes, Dipl.-Biol. Katrin Fritzsch. Arbeitsgruppe für Vegetationsökologie und experimentelle Pflanzensoziologie Botanisches Institut und Botanischer Garten der TU Braunschweig D-38023 Braunschweig. Abstract: The nowadays flora of Fuerteventura contains some 780 species. At least 119 species are aliens, some 150 further species of mediterranean and/or North African origin are probably introduced too. The estimated percentage of aliens therefore reaches 35 %. (naturalised)
An analysis of 233 species of important and potentially important invasive plants in South Africa (i.e. the reason for importation). The species were extracted from the book Henderson, L. 2001. Alien weeds and invasive plants. Plant Protection Research Institute Handbook No. 12. (L. Henderson pers. comm.)
Anon, (----). Species introduced in Continental Portugal [Espécies introduzidas em Portugal Continenta]. ICN - Instituto da Conservacao da Natureza. (naturalised)
Auld, B.A. and Medd, R.W. (1992) WEEDS, An illustrated botanical guide to the weeds of Australia. Inkata Press, Melbourne. (weed)
Barker, W.R., R.M.Barker, J.P. Jessop & H.P. Vonow (Eds.) (2005). Census of South Australian Vascular Plants. 5th Edition. J. Adelaide Bot. Gard. Supplement 1. (Botanic Gardens of Adelaide & State Herbarium: Adelaide). (naturalised)
Brandes, D. (Dietmar) (2001) Urban flora of Sousse, Tunisia. Arbeitsgruppe für Vegetationsözkologie und experimentelle Pflanzensoziologie, Botanisches Institut und Botanischer Garten der TU Braunschweig. email: D.Brandes@tu-bs.de (weed)
Bromilow, C. (1995) Problem Plants of South Africa. Briza Publications, Arcardia, South Africa. (weed)
Carr, G.W., Yugovic, J.V. and Robinson, K.E. (1992). Environmental Weed Invasions in Victoria. Department of Conservation and Environment. Melbourne (environmental weed)
China Species Information Service. Invasive Aliens Species in China.
Cronk, Q.C.B and Fuller, J.L. (1995). Plant Invaders, The threat to natural ecosystems. Chapman and Hall United Kingdom (environmental weed)
Dana, E.D., Sanz, M., Vivas, S. and Sobrino, E. (2005). Especies Vegetales Invasoras en Andalucía. Junta de Andalucía. (Section devoted to this taxon).
Declared Weeds and Invader plants of South Africa (2000) (noxious weed)
Environmental Weed List Victoria. Supplied by Weedmanager.Net (Source not cited but possibly drawn from Carr et al. Environmental Weeds of Victoria) (environmental weed)
Fern, K. (1992-97). Plants for a Future. A resource centre for edible and other useful plants. The Field, Penpol, Lostwithiel, Cornwall, PL22 0NG, England. (naturalised)
Staples, George W., Derral Herbst & Clyde T. Imada (2000). Survey of Invasive or Potentially Invasive Cultivated Plants in Hawaii. A Special Publication of the Records of the Hawaii Biological Survey for 1999. Honolulu, Hawaii. (cultivation escape, environmental weed)
Germplasm Resources Information Network G.R.I.N. GRIN (naturalised, weed)
Henderson, L. (1995). Plant Invaders of Southern Africa. Plant Protection Research Institute Handbook N°5. Agriculture Research Council. (noxious weed)
Henderson, L. (2001) Alien Weeds and Invasive Plants. Plant Protection Research Institute & Agricultural Research Council, South Africa. (cultivation escape, noxious weed)
Henderson, L. and Musil, K.J. (1987). Plant Invaders of the Transvaal. Department of Agriculture and Water Supply. Pretoria, South Africa (environmental weed, weed)
Henderson, M., Fourie, D.M.C., Wells, M.J. and Henderson, L. (1987). "Declared weeds and alien invader plants in South Africa." Department of Agriculture and Water Supply. Pretoria, South Africa (noxious weed)
Henderson, M., and Anderson, JG. (1966). Common Weeds of South Africa. Memoirs of the Botanical Surveys of South Africa N° 37, Department of Agriculture, Technical Services, Republic of South Africa. (weed)
Holm, L. G., Pancho, J. V., Herberger, J. P. and Plucknett, D. L. (1979). A Geographical Atlas of World Weeds. John Wiley and Sons NewYork, USA (weed)
I3N-Paraguay Datasets. Naturalised Flora. (naturalised)
INVASIVE SPECIES IN URBAN AND SUBURBAN COENOSIC IN CENTRAL ITALY. Cagiotti M.R., Ranfa A., Marinangeli F., Maovaz M. Department of Plant Biology, Environment section. Borgo XX giugno, 74 - 06100 Perugia Italy cagdipvg@unipg.it 5th International Conference Ecology of Invasive Alien Plants, 13-16 October 1999 La Maddalena, Sardinia - ITALY (naturalised)
Introduced (Naturalised) Flora of Ecuador: Catalogs on Web site of owners: http://www.ambiente.gov.ec/AMBIENTE/i3n2000 I3N.htm (If this link is broken, try www.ambiente.gov.ec, then access the data by clicking on "Ecuador Megadiverso" link at the top, then on "Biodiversidad del EcuaXIE Yan, LI Zhenyu, William P. Gregg, LI Dianmo. 2000. Invasive Species in China -- An Overview. Biodiversity and Conservation 10(8): pp.1317-1341. (naturalised)
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This page was created on 13 September 2007 by PT, and was last updated on
04 October 2007
by PT based on data from Rod Randall's Global Compendium of Weeds database dated 24 January 2007.
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