Ulex europaeus as a biocontrol target in Hawaii
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Biocontrol agent: Agonopterix ulicetella
Status in Hawaii: Agonopterix ulicetella (Lepidoptera, Oecophoridae) was released in Hawaii in 1988 as a biological control of gorse, Ulex europaeus. The insect was obtained from New Zealand in 1985, where it was already in quarantine as a potential biocontrol agent. Agonopterix ulicetella larvae feed on the green foliage of gorse, and the insect was well established by 1989. REFERENCES |
Biocontrol agent: Anisoplaca ptyoptera Status in Hawaii: Anisoplaca ptyoptera is a pyralid moth indigenous to New Zealand where it bores into the stems of gorse, Ulex europaeus. It was considered as a biocontrol for gorse in Hawaii, but not released. REFERENCES |
Biocontrol agent: Apion scutellare Status in Hawaii: The stem-galling weevil Apion scutellare was released in Hawaii in 1989 as a biocontrol for gorse (Ulex europaeus), but it did not become established. REFERENCES |
Biocontrol agent: Apion ulicis Status in Hawaii: Apion ulicis, a weevil which attacks gorse seeds in pods, was released in 1984 as a biocontrol for gorse (Ulex europaeus) on Hawaii Island. It had previously been released on Maui where it became established. The weevil attacked up to 78% of gorse pods, but did not noticeably affect the spread of gorse. REFERENCES |
Biocontrol agent: Chlorophorus trifasciatus Status in Hawaii: Chlorophorus trifasclatus, a root-feeding beetle from Portugal, was considered as a biological control agent for gorse (Ulex europaeus) in Hawaii, but was not tested. REFERENCES |
Biocontrol agent: Cydia lathyrana Status in Hawaii: Cydia lathyrana, a root moth from England, was considered as a biological control agent for gorse (Ulex europaeus) in Hawaii, but was not tested. REFERENCES |
Biocontrol agent: Dictyonota strichnocera Status in Hawaii: Dictyonota strichnocera, the gorse lacebug from Britain, was considered as a possible biological control agent for gorse (Ulex europaeus) in Hawaii. The insect was studied but not released. REFERENCES |
Biocontrol agent: Pempelia genistella Status in Hawaii: Pempelia genistella (Lepidoptera, Pyralidae), a foliage-feeding moth, was released in large numbers in Hawaii in 1996 for biological control of gorse (Ulex europaeus). The moth is considered to be provisionally established, but it has not had a significant role in controlling gorse. REFERENCES |
Biocontrol agent: Sericothrips staphylinus Status in Hawaii: Gorse thrips, Sericothrips staphylinus (Thysanoptera, Thripoidae), were released in Hawaii in 1990 to control gorse (Ulex europaeus). By 1992 the thrips were established and spreading. REFERENCES |
Biocontrol agent: Sitona sp. Status in Hawaii: (no status currently available; inquire) REFERENCES |
Biocontrol agent: Sitona spp. Status in Hawaii: (no status currently available; inquire) REFERENCES |
Biocontrol agent: Tetranychus lintearius Status in Hawaii: The gorse spider mite Tetranychus lintearius (Acari, Tetranychidae) was released in 1995 to control gorse (Ulex europaeus) in Hawaii. It is well established. REFERENCES |
Biocontrol agent: Uromyces pisi Status in Hawaii: (no status currently available; inquire) REFERENCES |
Biocontrol agent: Uromyces pisi f. sp. europaei Status in Hawaii: Uromyces pisi f. sp. europaei (Uredinales, Puccinaceae), a rust fungus from England, was released in Hawaii in 2000 to control gorse (Ulex europaeus). The rust causes dieback of spines and branches, but there is no evidence the rust has become established. Future releases were planned (2003) with different inoculation methods or isolates of the pathogen. REFERENCES |
| The Hawaiian Ecosystems at Risk (HEAR) project is currently funded by the Pacific Basin Information Node (PBIN) of the National Biological Information Infrastructure (NBII) through PIERC (USGS) with support from HCSU (UH Hilo). More details are available online. |
 
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| This page was created on 04 August 2009 by PT, and was last updated on 15 December 2009 by PT. |
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