Hawaiian Ecosystems at Risk project (HEAR) Ategumia ebulealis as a biocontrol agent
for Clidemia hirta in Hawaii

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Information and references regarding Ategumia ebulealis as a biocontrol agent for Clidemia hirta in Hawaii are provided here. For further information, contact webmaster@hear.org.

Status of Ategumia ebulealis as a biocontrol agent for Clidemia hirta in Hawaii

Ategumia ebulealis was released on Oahu in 1970 and on the Big Island in 1972. It was first recovered on Oahu in 1974, but was never recovered on the Big Island. Parasitoids are probably reducing the effectiveness of this moth. (info from Conant 2009 (http://www.hear.org/bibliography/references/9501_conant_2009/), which cites for some of this info Reimer & Beardsley 1986 (http://www.hear.org/bibliography/references/9502_reimer_1986/); info as of 2009)

References for Ategumia ebulealis as a biocontrol agent for Clidemia hirta in Hawaii

Clidemia hirta (L.) D. Don (Melastomataceae)
Conant, Patrick. 2009. Clidemia hirta (L.) D. Don (Melastomataceae). Chapter (9) in Muniappan, R., G.V.P. Reddy, and A. Raman. 2009. Biological control of tropical weeds using arthropods. Cambridge University Press. (http://www.hear.org/bibliography/references/9501_conant_2009/)

Some notes on parasitization of Blephoromastix ebulealis (Gunee) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) in Oahu forests
Reimer, N.J. and J.W. Beardsley. 1986. Some notes on parasitization of Blephoromastix ebulealis (Gunee) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) in Oahu forests. Proceedings of the Hawaiian Entomology Society, vol. 27, pp. 91-93. (http://www.hear.org/bibliography/references/9502_reimer_1986/)

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