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Smith, Clifford W. 1985. Impact of alien plants on Hawaii's native biota. In Hawaii's Terrestrial Ecosystems: Preservation and Management, edited by Charles P. Stone and J. Michael Scott, 180-250. Honolulu: Cooperative National Park Resources Studies Unit, University of Hawaii.
Eighty-six (86) plant species which have become serious pests of native ecosystems are discussed in this document. The author states in the article's abstract that these species "are discussed with regard to their impact on the ecosystem, dispersal mechanism, fire tolerance, potential for biological control, and their distribution and principal infestation sites."
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