(L.) Stapf, Poaceae |
Present on Pacific Islands? yes
Primarily a threat at high elevations? no
Other Latin names: Brachiaria reptans (L.) C. A. Gardner & C. E. Hubb.; Panicum reptans L.
Common name(s): [more details]
Chinese: wei fu cao |
English: cent per cent, creeping panic grass, running grass, sprawling signal grass |
French: chiendent blanc, herbe à Bengali, herbe à Bengalis, herbe couresce batarde |
Spanish: San Juan de Castillo, tiende suelo |
Habit: grass
Description: "Annual and semiprostrate, the culms spreading; leaf blades lanceolate, 1.8-3.7 cm long, 3-9 mm broad; flowering culms bearing 3-15 racemes, these spreading to slightly ascending, with long white hairs on axis and pedicels" (Smith, 1979; pp. 331-332).
"Habit: Annual. Culms decumbent; 15-60 cm long; rooting from lower nodes. Ligule a fringe of hairs. Leaf-blades lanceolate; 2-8 cm long; 3-15 mm wide. Inflorescence: Inflorescence composed of racemes. Racemes 5-15; borne along a central axis; unilateral; 1-4 cm long. Central inflorescence axis 1-8 cm long. Rhachis wingless; angular. Spikelet packing crowded; regular; 2 -rowed. Spikelets in pairs. Fertile spikelets sessile and pedicelled. Pedicels ciliate. Fertile spikelets: Spikelets comprising 1 basal sterile florets; 1 fertile florets; without rhachilla extension. Spikelets elliptic, or oblong; dorsally compressed; compressed slightly; acute; 1.5-2.2 mm long; falling entire. Glumes: Glumes dissimilar; reaching apex of florets; thinner than fertile lemma. Lower glume orbicular; clasping; 0.15-0.25 times length of spikelet; hyaline; without keels; 0 -veined. Lower glume lateral veins absent. Lower glume apex truncate. Upper glume ovate; 1 times length of spikelet; membranous; without keels; 7-veined. Upper glume apex acute. Florets: Basal sterile florets male; with palea. Lemma of lower sterile floret similar to upper glume; ovate; 1 times length of spikelet; membranous; 5-veined; acute. Fertile lemma elliptic; 1-2 mm long; indurate; without keel. Lemma surface rugose. Lemma margins involute. Lemma apex acute; mucronate. Palea involute; indurate; without keels" (GrassBase).
Habitat/ecology: In Fiji, "a moderately common weed of sugarcane fields, roadsides, open grasslands, and the seashore, reported from elevations between sea level and about 800 m" (Smith, 1979; pp. 331-332). "Occasional in waste places and lawns" (Whistler, 1988; p. 47). In Guam, "in cultivated ground or lawns" (Stone, 1970; p. 203). In New Guinea, "a weed of roadsides, gardens and annual field crops, often invading heavily-grazed pastures and hindering the re-establishment of better grasses" (Henty & Pritchard, 1975; p. 34). In New Caledonia, "largement répandu sur la Grande-Terre, Nord et Sud. Parfois en pâturage (noté comme bon fourrage); commun aussi comme mauvaise herbe des jardins, cultures et terrains vagues" (MacKee, 1994; p. 57).
Propagation: Seed
Native range: Pantropical
Presence:
Pacific | |||
Country/Terr./St. & Island group |
Location |
Cited status &
Cited as invasive & Cited as cultivated & Cited as aboriginal introduction? |
Reference &
Comments |
Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (US)
Northern Mariana Islands |
Agrigan (Agrihan) Island |
native
|
Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1987) (p. 52) |
Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (US)
Northern Mariana Islands |
Aguijan (Agiguan, Aguihan) Island |
native
|
Raulerson, L. (2006) (p. 10) |
Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (US)
Northern Mariana Islands |
Guguan Island |
native
|
Raulerson, L. (2006) (p. 10) |
Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (US)
Northern Mariana Islands |
Maug Island |
native
|
Raulerson, L. (2006) (p. 10) |
Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (US)
Northern Mariana Islands |
Tinian Island |
native
|
Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1987) (p. 52) |
Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (US)
Saipan |
Saipan Island |
native
|
Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1987) (p. 52) |
Cook Islands
Southern Cook Islands |
Rarotonga Island | McCormack, Gerald (2013) | |
Federated States of Micronesia
Yap Islands |
Yap (Waqab) Island |
native
|
Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1987) (p. 52) |
Fiji
Fiji Islands |
Thithia Island |
introduced
invasive |
Smith, Albert C. (1979) (pp. 331-332)
Voucher cited: DA 13250 |
Fiji
Fiji Islands |
Vanua Levu Island |
introduced
invasive |
Smith, Albert C. (1979) (pp. 331-332)
Vouchers cited: DA 8768, DA 8834 |
Fiji
Fiji Islands |
Viti Levu Island |
introduced
invasive |
Smith, Albert C. (1979) (pp. 331-332)
Vouchers cited: Greenwood 328, 414B; DA 8217; DA 8794; Degener 14959; DA 2352; DA 8568; DA 7815; DA 7910; DA 7171 |
French Polynesia
French Polynesia Islands |
French Polynesia Islands | Waterhouse, D. F. (1997) (p. 66) | |
French Polynesia
Marquesas Islands |
Eiao Island |
introduced
invasive |
Lorence, David H./Wagner, Warren L. (2013) |
French Polynesia
Marquesas Islands |
Eiao Island |
introduced
invasive |
Florence, J./Chevillotte, H./Ollier, C./Meyer, J.-Y. (2013)
Voucher cited: J. Florence & M. Teikiteetini 9323 (PAP) Adventice |
French Polynesia
Marquesas Islands |
Fatu Hiva Island |
introduced
invasive |
Lorence, David H./Wagner, Warren L. (2013) |
French Polynesia
Marquesas Islands |
Fatu Hiva Island |
introduced
invasive |
Florence, J./Chevillotte, H./Ollier, C./Meyer, J.-Y. (2013)
Adventice |
French Polynesia
Marquesas Islands |
Fatu Hiva Island |
National Tropical Botanical Garden (U.S.A. Hawaii. Kalaheo.) (1995) (voucher ID: PTBG 21358)
Taxon name on voucher: Urochloa reptans (L.) C.A. Gardner & C.E. Hubb |
|
French Polynesia
Marquesas Islands |
Hatuta'a (Hatutu) Island |
introduced
invasive |
Lorence, David H./Wagner, Warren L. (2013) |
French Polynesia
Marquesas Islands |
Hatuta'a (Hatutu) Island |
introduced
invasive |
Florence, J./Chevillotte, H./Ollier, C./Meyer, J.-Y. (2013)
Vouchers cited: J. Florence & M. Teikiteetini 9389 (PAP), S.P. Perlman 10067 (PAP) Adventice |
French Polynesia
Marquesas Islands |
Hatuta'a (Hatutu) Island |
National Tropical Botanical Garden (U.S.A. Hawaii. Kalaheo.) (1988) (voucher ID: PTBG 8299)
Taxon name on voucher: Urochloa reptans |
|
French Polynesia
Marquesas Islands |
Hiva Oa Island |
introduced
invasive |
Lorence, David H./Wagner, Warren L. (2013) |
French Polynesia
Marquesas Islands |
Hiva Oa Island |
introduced
invasive |
Florence, J./Chevillotte, H./Ollier, C./Meyer, J.-Y. (2013)
Adventice |
French Polynesia
Marquesas Islands |
Mohotani (Mohotane, Mohotane) Island |
introduced
invasive |
Lorence, David H./Wagner, Warren L. (2013) |
French Polynesia
Marquesas Islands |
Mohotani (Mohotane, Mohotane) Island |
introduced
invasive |
Florence, J./Chevillotte, H./Ollier, C./Meyer, J.-Y. (2013)
Adventice |
French Polynesia
Marquesas Islands |
Mohotani (Mohotane, Mohotane) Island |
National Tropical Botanical Garden (U.S.A. Hawaii. Kalaheo.) (2004) (voucher ID: PTBG 42526)
Taxon name on voucher: Urochloa reptans |
|
French Polynesia
Marquesas Islands |
Nuku Hiva (Nukahiva) Island |
introduced
invasive |
Lorence, David H./Wagner, Warren L. (2013) |
French Polynesia
Marquesas Islands |
Nuku Hiva (Nukahiva) Island |
introduced
invasive |
Florence, J./Chevillotte, H./Ollier, C./Meyer, J.-Y. (2013)
Voucher cited: J. Florence 4095 (PAP) Adventice |
French Polynesia
Marquesas Islands |
Ua Huka (Huahuna, Uahuka) Island |
introduced
invasive |
Lorence, David H./Wagner, Warren L. (2013) |
French Polynesia
Marquesas Islands |
Ua Huka (Huahuna, Uahuka) Island |
introduced
invasive |
Florence, J./Chevillotte, H./Ollier, C./Meyer, J.-Y. (2013)
Voucher cited: K.R. Wood 6421 (PAP) Adventice |
French Polynesia
Marquesas Islands |
Ua Huka (Huahuna, Uahuka) Island |
National Tropical Botanical Garden (U.S.A. Hawaii. Kalaheo.) (1997) (voucher ID: PTBG 27252)
Taxon name on voucher: Urochloa reptans (L.) C. A. Gardner & C. E. Hubb. |
|
French Polynesia
Marquesas Islands |
Ua Huka (Huahuna, Uahuka) Island |
National Tropical Botanical Garden (U.S.A. Hawaii. Kalaheo.) (2004) (voucher ID: PTBG 41967)
Taxon name on voucher: Urochloa reptans (L.) C.A. Gardner & C.E. Hubb |
|
French Polynesia
Marquesas Islands |
Ua Pou (Huapu, Uapou, Uapu) Island |
introduced
invasive |
Lorence, David H./Wagner, Warren L. (2013) |
French Polynesia
Marquesas Islands |
Ua Pou (Huapu, Uapou, Uapu) Island |
introduced
invasive |
Florence, J./Chevillotte, H./Ollier, C./Meyer, J.-Y. (2013)
Adventice |
French Polynesia
Society Islands |
Bora Bora Island |
introduced
invasive |
Florence, J./Chevillotte, H./Ollier, C./Meyer, J.-Y. (2013)
As Brachiaria reptans (C. Linnaeus) C.A. Gardner & C.E. Hubbard. Voucher cited: J. Florence 12083 (PAP) Adventice |
French Polynesia
Society Islands |
Raiatea (Havai) Island |
introduced
invasive |
Welsh, S. L. (1998) (p. 330)
Voucher cited: Moore 155 |
French Polynesia
Society Islands |
Tahiti Island |
introduced
invasive |
Welsh, S. L. (1998) (p. 330)
Voucher cited: Florence 4609 |
French Polynesia
Society Islands |
Tahiti Island |
introduced
invasive |
Florence, J./Chevillotte, H./Ollier, C./Meyer, J.-Y. (2013)
Adventice |
Guam
Guam Island |
Guam Island |
introduced
invasive |
Stone, Benjamin C. (1970) (p. 203)
Voucher cited: Stone 4186 (GUAM) |
Guam
Guam Island |
Guam Island |
native
|
Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1987) (p. 52) |
State of Hawaii
Hawaiian Islands |
Oahu Island |
introduced
invasive |
Herbst, Derral R./Clayton, W. D. (1998) (p. 20)
Voucher cited: Neal s.n. (BISH 119991) |
New Caledonia
New Caledonia Archipelago |
Île Grande Terre |
introduced
invasive |
Gargominy, Oliver/Bouchet, Philipe/Pascal, Michel/Jaffre, Tanguy/Tourneu, Jean-Christophe (1996) (p. 380)
Largement répandue sur la Grande-Terre. |
New Caledonia
New Caledonia Archipelago |
Île Grande Terre |
introduced
invasive |
Tassin, Jacques (2005) |
New Caledonia
New Caledonia Archipelago |
Île Grande Terre |
introduced
invasive |
MacKee, H. S. (1994) (p. 57)
Voucher cited: Vieillard 1476 |
Palau
Palau (Belau ) (main island group) |
Angaur (Ngeaur) Island |
native
|
Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1987) (p. 52) |
Palau
Palau (Belau ) (main island group) |
Angaur (Ngeaur) Island |
native
|
Fosberg, F. R./Canfield, Joan E. (1980) (p. 193)
Voucher cited: Canfield 407 (US) |
Papua New Guinea
Papua New Guinea (eastern New Guinea Island) |
Papua New Guinea (eastern New Guinea Island) |
Henty, E. E. (1969) (p. 39)
A weed of cultivation and overgrazed pasture. |
|
Papua New Guinea
Papua New Guinea (eastern New Guinea Island) |
Papua New Guinea (eastern New Guinea Island) |
invasive
|
Henty, E. E./Pritchard, G. H. (1975) (p. 34)
From low altitudes to about 1200 m. |
Papua New Guinea
Papua New Guinea (eastern New Guinea Island) |
Papua New Guinea (eastern New Guinea Island) | Waterhouse, D. F. (1997) (p. 66) | |
Philippines
Philippine Islands |
Philippine Islands | Waterhouse, D. F. (1993) (p. 63) | |
Philippines
Philippine Islands |
Philippine Islands |
Merrill, Elmer D. (1925) (pp. 67-68)
In open waste places, old clearings, thickets, etc., at low and medium altitudes. |
|
Samoa
Western Samoa Islands |
Upolu Island | Whistler, W. A. (1988) (p. 47) | |
Solomon Islands
Solomon Islands |
Solomon Islands | Swarbrick, John T. (1997) (p. 89) | |
Solomon Islands
Solomon Islands |
Solomon Islands |
introduced
invasive |
Hancock, I. R./Henderson, C. P. (1988) (p. 52) |
Tonga
Haapai Group |
Haapai Islands |
Whistler, W. A. (1988) (p. 47)
Var. marquisense (Brown) Fosb. (Whistler, 1988). |
|
Tonga
Tongatapu Group |
Eua Island | Whistler, W. A. (1988) (p. 47) | |
Vanuatu
New Hebrides Islands |
Vanuatu (Republic of) | Waterhouse, D. F. (1997) (p. 66) | |
Wallis and Futuna
Wallis and Futuna (Horne) Islands |
Wallis (Uvea) Island |
introduced
invasive |
Morat, Ph./Veillon, J.-M. (1985)
Morat & Veillon, 1985, cited in Meyer, 2007 |
Wallis and Futuna
Wallis and Futuna (Horne) Islands |
Wallis and Futuna Islands | Whistler, W. A. (1988) (p. 47) |
Pacific Rim | |||
Country/Terr./St. & Island group |
Location |
Cited status &
Cited as invasive & Cited as cultivated & Cited as aboriginal introduction? |
Reference &
Comments |
Australia
Australia (continental) |
Australia (continental) | Hafliger, Ernst/Scholz, Hildemar (1980) (p. 23) | |
China
China |
China (People's Republic of) | Hafliger, Ernst/Scholz, Hildemar (1980) (p. 23) | |
Indonesia
Indonesia |
Indonesia (Republic of) | Waterhouse, D. F. (1993) (p. 63) | |
Japan
Japan |
Japan |
introduced
|
Mito, Toshikazu/Uesugi, Tetsuro (2004) (p. 192)
As Brachiaria reptans Gardn. & Hubb. |
Malaysia
Malaysia |
Malaysia (country of) | Waterhouse, D. F. (1993) (p. 63) | |
Taiwan
Taiwan Island |
Taiwan Island | Holm, Leroy/Pancho, Juan V./Herberger, James P./Plucknett, Donald L. (1979) (p. 53) | |
Thailand
Thailand |
Thailand (Kingdom of) | Waterhouse, D. F. (1993) (p. 63) | |
Vietnam
Vietnam |
Vietnam (Socialist Republic of) | Waterhouse, D. F. (1993) (p. 63) |
Indian Ocean | |||
Country/Terr./St. & Island group |
Location |
Cited status &
Cited as invasive & Cited as cultivated & Cited as aboriginal introduction? |
Reference &
Comments |
Australia (Indian Ocean offshore islands)
Christmas Island Group |
Christmas Island |
introduced
invasive |
Swarbrick, J. T. (1997) (p. 106) |
Mauritius
Mautitius Islands (Mauritius and Rodrigues) |
Mauritius Island | Holm, Leroy/Pancho, Juan V./Herberger, James P./Plucknett, Donald L. (1979) (p. 53) |
Control: If you know of control methods for Urochloa reptans, please let us know.