Pacific Island Ecosystems at Risk (PIER)

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Rhynchosia minima
(L.) DC., Fabaceae
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Present on Pacific Islands?  yes

Primarily a threat at high elevations?  no

Common name(s): [more details]

Chinese: xiao lu huo

English: rhynchosia

Mangarevan: puhi, rautea

Niuean: pinē Liku

Habit:  herb

Description:  "Climbing or prostrate herbs from a woody rootstock; stems 0.3 to several m long, glabrous or velvety pubescent.  Leaflets 3, rhombic, ovate, or suborbicular, the lateral ones oblique, 0.9-6 cm long, 0.8-5 cm wide, lower surface glabrate to velvety pubescent and densely glandular-dotted, apex rounded to acute, petioles 1-4 cm long, stipules linear-lanceolate, ca. 3.5 mm long.  Flowers in lax, axillary pseudoracemes 2-15 cm long; corolla brownish outside, yellow within, standard often tinged reddish, 5-10 mm long.  Pods oblong-falcate, flattened and slightly constricted between the widely spaced seeds, 0.6-3.5 cm long, 0.3-0.5 cm wide.  Seeds (1) 2, gray to black, reniform, slightly laterally flattened, 2.5-3 mm long, 2-2.5 mm wide" (Wagner et al., 1999; p. 695).

Habitat/ecology:  In Hawai‘i, "probably introduced in seed mixtures for soil improvement, now naturalized in low elevation disturbed areas" (Wagner et al., 1999; p. 695).  In Fiji, "adventive along roadsides, in plantations, or in waste places near sea level" (Smith, 1985; p. 255).  In Niue, "forms a densely interlocking mat under the coconut trees.  Also, it grows in plantations, waste places and along the roadsides, but not generally in the fernland." (Sykes, 1970; p. 160) Arid lowlands and moist uplands in the Galápagos Islands (McMullen, 1999; p. 310).

Propagation:  Seed

Native range:  Paleotropics.

Presence:

Pacific
Country/Terr./St. &
Island group
Location Cited status &
Cited as invasive &
Cited as cultivated &
Cited as aboriginal introduction?
Reference &
Comments
Fiji
Fiji Islands
Taveuni Island introduced
invasive
Smith, Albert C. (1985) (p. 255)
Voucher cited: DA 8990
Fiji
Fiji Islands
Vanua Levu Island introduced
invasive
Smith, Albert C. (1985) (p. 255)
Voucher cited: DA L.13752
French Polynesia
Gambier Islands
Agakauitai Island introduced
invasive
Florence, J./Chevillotte, H./Ollier, C./Meyer, J.-Y. (2013)
Adventice
French Polynesia
Gambier Islands
Agakauitai Island introduced
St. John, Harold (1988) (p. 16)
Voucher cited: St. John 14929 (BISH)
French Polynesia
Gambier Islands
Akamaru Island introduced
invasive
Florence, J./Chevillotte, H./Ollier, C./Meyer, J.-Y. (2013)
Adventice
French Polynesia
Gambier Islands
Akamaru Island introduced
St. John, Harold (1988) (p. 16)
Voucher cited: St. John 14697 (BISH)
French Polynesia
Gambier Islands
Aukena Island introduced
invasive
Florence, J./Chevillotte, H./Ollier, C./Meyer, J.-Y. (2013)
Adventice
French Polynesia
Gambier Islands
Mangareva (Gambier) Island introduced
invasive
Florence, J./Chevillotte, H./Ollier, C./Meyer, J.-Y. (2013)
Voucher cited: B. Huguenin s.n. (PAP)
Adventice
French Polynesia
Gambier Islands
Mangareva (Gambier) Island introduced
St. John, Harold (1988) (p. 16)
Vouchers cited: St. John 14505 (BISH), Fosberg 11057 (BISH)
French Polynesia
Gambier Islands
Taravai Island introduced
invasive
Florence, J./Chevillotte, H./Ollier, C./Meyer, J.-Y. (2013)
Adventice
French Polynesia
Gambier Islands
Totegegie Island introduced
invasive
Florence, J./Chevillotte, H./Ollier, C./Meyer, J.-Y. (2013)
Adventice
French Polynesia
Marquesas Islands
Eiao Island introduced
invasive
Florence, J./Chevillotte, H./Ollier, C./Meyer, J.-Y. (2013)
Vouchers cited: J.-C. Thibault 1053 (PAP), J.-C. Thibault 1075 (PAP), J. Florence & M. Teikiteetini 9325 (PAP)
Adventice
French Polynesia
Marquesas Islands
Fatu Huku Island introduced
invasive
Florence, J./Chevillotte, H./Ollier, C./Meyer, J.-Y. (2013)
Adventice
French Polynesia
Marquesas Islands
Hatuta'a (Hatutu) Island introduced
invasive
Lorence, David H./Wagner, Warren L. (2013)
French Polynesia
Marquesas Islands
Hatuta'a (Hatutu) Island introduced
invasive
Florence, J./Chevillotte, H./Ollier, C./Meyer, J.-Y. (2013)
Voucher cited: J. Florence & M. Teikiteetini 9404 (PAP)
Adventice
French Polynesia
Marquesas Islands
Hiva Oa Island introduced
invasive
Lorence, David H./Wagner, Warren L. (2013)
French Polynesia
Marquesas Islands
Hiva Oa Island introduced
invasive
Florence, J./Chevillotte, H./Ollier, C./Meyer, J.-Y. (2013)
Adventice
French Polynesia
Marquesas Islands
Hiva Oa Island   National Tropical Botanical Garden (U.S.A. Hawaii. Kalaheo.) (1963) (voucher ID: PTBG 13247)
Taxon name on voucher: Rhynchosia minima
French Polynesia
Marquesas Islands
Nuku Hiva (Nukahiva) Island introduced
invasive
Lorence, David H./Wagner, Warren L. (2013)
French Polynesia
Marquesas Islands
Nuku Hiva (Nukahiva) Island introduced
invasive
Florence, J./Chevillotte, H./Ollier, C./Meyer, J.-Y. (2013)
Voucher cited: J. Florence 6709 (PAP), J. Florence 6931 (PAP), J. Florence 6947 (PAP), J. Florence 8440 (PAP)
Adventice
French Polynesia
Marquesas Islands
Tahuata (Tuhuata) Island introduced
invasive
Lorence, David H./Wagner, Warren L. (2013)
French Polynesia
Marquesas Islands
Tahuata (Tuhuata) Island   National Tropical Botanical Garden (U.S.A. Hawaii. Kalaheo.) (2003) (voucher ID: PTBG 39434)
Taxon name on voucher: Rhynchosia minima
French Polynesia
Marquesas Islands
Ua Huka (Huahuna, Uahuka) Island introduced
invasive
Lorence, David H./Wagner, Warren L. (2013)
French Polynesia
Marquesas Islands
Ua Huka (Huahuna, Uahuka) Island introduced
invasive
Florence, J./Chevillotte, H./Ollier, C./Meyer, J.-Y. (2013)
Adventice
French Polynesia
Marquesas Islands
Ua Huka (Huahuna, Uahuka) Island   National Tropical Botanical Garden (U.S.A. Hawaii. Kalaheo.) (2003) (voucher ID: PTBG 40880)
Taxon name on voucher: Rhynchosia minima
French Polynesia
Marquesas Islands
Ua Pou (Huapu, Uapou, Uapu) Island introduced
invasive
Lorence, David H./Wagner, Warren L. (2013)
French Polynesia
Marquesas Islands
Ua Pou (Huapu, Uapou, Uapu) Island introduced
invasive
Florence, J./Chevillotte, H./Ollier, C./Meyer, J.-Y. (2013)
Adventice
French Polynesia
Society Islands
Mopelia (Mapetia, Maupiha‘a, Maupihoa, Mopiha‘a) Atoll introduced
invasive
Sachet, M.-H. (1983) (p. 28)
Voucher cited: Sachet 933 (US)
French Polynesia
Society Islands
Tahiti Island introduced
invasive
Welsh, S. L. (1998) (p. 159)
Vouchers cited: BRY 24841, Whistler & Guerin 31
French Polynesia
Society Islands
Tahiti Island introduced
invasive
Florence, J./Chevillotte, H./Ollier, C./Meyer, J.-Y. (2013)
Voucher cited: W.A. Whistler & M. Guérin 31 (PAP)
Adventice
French Polynesia
Tuamotu Archipelago
Niau Atoll introduced
invasive
Florence, J./Chevillotte, H./Ollier, C./Meyer, J.-Y. (2013)
Voucher cited: J. Florence 10080 (PAP)
Adventice
French Polynesia
Austral (Tubuai) Islands
Rapa Island introduced
invasive
Florence, J./Chevillotte, H./Ollier, C./Meyer, J.-Y. (2013)
Adventice
French Polynesia
Austral (Tubuai) Islands
Rurutu Island introduced
invasive
Florence, J./Chevillotte, H./Ollier, C./Meyer, J.-Y. (2013)
Adventice
State of Hawaii
Hawaiian Islands
Kaua‘i Island introduced
invasive
Wagner, Warren L./Herbst, Derral R./Sohmer, S. H. (1999) (p. 695)
Voucher cited: Jones s n. (BISH)
Japan (offshore islands)
Ogasawara (Bonin) Islands
Bonin (Ogasawara) Islands   Kato, Hidetoshi (2007)
New Caledonia
Îles Loyauté (Loyalte Islands)
Îles Loyauté (Loyalty Islands) introduced
invasive
Tassin, Jacques (2005)
New Caledonia
Îles Loyauté (Loyalte Islands)
Îles Ouvéa (Ouvea Atoll) introduced
MacKee, H. S. (1994) (p. 89)
Voucher cited: Blanchon 1551 (NOU)
New Caledonia
Îles Loyauté (Loyalte Islands)
Île Tiga introduced
MacKee, H. S. (1994) (p. 89)
Voucher cited: Toutain 3662
New Caledonia
New Caledonia
New Caledonia Islands   Swarbrick, John T. (1997) (p. 96)
New Caledonia
New Caledonia Archipelago
Île Grande Terre introduced
invasive
Tassin, Jacques (2005)
New Caledonia
New Caledonia Archipelago
Île Grande Terre introduced
MacKee, H. S. (1994) (p. 89)
Vouchers cited: Vieillard 374, Pancher s.n. s.loc., Deplanche 330, Balansa 310, Le Rat 205 bis, Blanchon 900 (NOU), MacKee 4069, MacKee 20571, MacKee 33113
New Caledonia
New Caledonia Archipelago
Île des Pins (Isle of Pines) introduced
invasive
Tassin, Jacques (2005)
New Caledonia
New Caledonia Archipelago
Île des Pins (Isle of Pines) introduced
MacKee, H. S. (1994) (p. 89)
Voucher cited: Germain s.n.
Niue
Niue
Niue Island introduced
Sykes, W. R. (1970) (p. 160)
Vouchers cited: CHR 150504, CHR 150505
Niue
Niue
Niue Island introduced
invasive
Whistler, W. A. (1988) (p. 27)
Niue
Niue
Niue Island introduced
invasive
Whistler, W. A./Atherton, J. (1997) (p. 35)
Niue
Niue
Niue Island introduced
invasive
Yuncker, T. G. (1943) (p. 65)
Voucher cited: Yuncker 9687 (BISH)
"Common weedy vine in thickets and clearings".
Niue
Niue
Niue Island introduced
invasive
Space, James C./Waterhouse, Barbara M./Newfield, Melanie/Bull, Cate (2004) (p. 46)
Papua New Guinea
Papua New Guinea (eastern New Guinea Island)
Papua New Guinea (eastern New Guinea Island) native
ILDIS Co-ordinating Centre (2013)
Philippines
Philippine Islands
Philippine Islands   Merrill, Elmer D. (1923) (p. 316)
In open grasslands at low altitudes.
Pacific Rim
Country/Terr./St. &
Island group
Location Cited status &
Cited as invasive &
Cited as cultivated &
Cited as aboriginal introduction?
Reference &
Comments
Australia
Australia (continental)
Australia (continental) native
ILDIS Co-ordinating Centre (2013)
Central America
Central America (Pacific rim)
Costa Rica (Republic of) native
ILDIS Co-ordinating Centre (2013)
Central America
Central America (Pacific rim)
El Salvador (Republic of) native
ILDIS Co-ordinating Centre (2013)
Central America
Central America (Pacific rim)
Guatemala (Republic of) native
ILDIS Co-ordinating Centre (2013)
Central America
Central America (Pacific rim)
Honduras (Republic of) native
ILDIS Co-ordinating Centre (2013)
Central America
Central America (Pacific rim)
Nicaragua (Republic of) native
ILDIS Co-ordinating Centre (2013)
Central America
Central America (Pacific rim)
Panama (Republic of) native
ILDIS Co-ordinating Centre (2013)
China
China
China (People's Republic of) native
Zhengyi, Wu/Raven, Peter H./Deyuan, Hong (2013)
"Forests; 900-2500 m".
Indonesia
Indonesia
Indonesia (Republic of) native
ILDIS Co-ordinating Centre (2013)
Japan
Ryukyu Islands
Ryukyu Islands native
ILDIS Co-ordinating Centre (2013)
Malaysia
Malaysia
Malaysia (country of) native
ILDIS Co-ordinating Centre (2013)
Mexico
Mexico
Mexico (United Mexican States) native
ILDIS Co-ordinating Centre (2013)
South America (Pacific rim)
South America (Pacific rim)
Chile (Republic of) native
ILDIS Co-ordinating Centre (2013)
South America (Pacific rim)
South America (Pacific rim)
Colombia native
ILDIS Co-ordinating Centre (2013)
South America (Pacific rim)
South America (Pacific rim)
Ecuador (Republic of) (continental) native
ILDIS Co-ordinating Centre (2013)
South America (Pacific rim)
South America (Pacific rim)
Perú (Republic of) native
ILDIS Co-ordinating Centre (2013)
Taiwan
Taiwan Island
Taiwan Island native
Zhengyi, Wu/Raven, Peter H./Deyuan, Hong (2013)
"Forests; 900-2500 m".
Thailand
Thailand
Thailand (Kingdom of) native
ILDIS Co-ordinating Centre (2013)
Vietnam
Vietnam
Vietnam (Socialist Republic of) native
ILDIS Co-ordinating Centre (2013)
Indian Ocean
Country/Terr./St. &
Island group
Location Cited status &
Cited as invasive &
Cited as cultivated &
Cited as aboriginal introduction?
Reference &
Comments
Mauritius
Mautitius Islands (Mauritius and Rodrigues)
Rodrigues Island native
ILDIS Co-ordinating Centre (2013)

Control:  If you know of control methods for Rhynchosia minima, please let us know.


Need more info? Have questions? Comments? Information to contribute? Contact PIER! (pier@hear.org)

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This page was created on 6 AUG 2002 and was last updated on 22 OCT 2006.