Nees ex Trin., Poaceae |
Present on Pacific Islands? yes
Primarily a threat at high elevations? no
Common name(s): [more details]
English: narrow Canary grass, timothy canary grass |
Habit: grass
Description: "Annual; caespitose. Culms 70-150 cm long. Ligule an eciliate membrane. Leaf-blades 10-20 cm long; 6-10 mm wide. Inflorescence a panicle. Panicle spiciform; linear; 2.5-17 cm long; 0.6-1.5 cm wide. Spikelets appressed; solitary. Fertile spikelets sessile. Fertile spikelets: Spikelets comprising 2 basal sterile florets; 1 fertile florets; without rhachilla extension. Spikelets obovate; laterally compressed; compressed strongly; 2.9-5.5 mm long; breaking up at maturity; disarticulating below each fertile floret. Glumes persistent; similar; exceeding apex of florets; thinner than fertile lemma. Lower glume elliptic; 2.9-5.5 mm long; 1 length of upper glume; chartaceous; 1-keeled; winged on keel; winged narrowly; winged above; 3-5 -veined. Lower glume primary vein scabrous. Lower glume surface scabrous; rough on veins. Lower glume apex truncate, or obtuse. Upper glume elliptic; 2.9-5.5 mm long; 1.3-1.5 length of adjacent fertile lemma; chartaceous; 1-keeled; winged on keel; winged above; 3-5 -veined. Upper glume primary vein scabrous. Upper glume surface scabrous; rough on veins. Upper glume apex truncate, or obtuse. Florets: Basal sterile florets similar; barren; without significant palea; attached to and deciduous with the fertile. Lemma of lower sterile floret linear; 0.7-1.5 mm long; 0.33 length of fertile lemma; glabrous. Fertile lemma elliptic; laterally compressed; 2.2-3.8 mm long; cartilaginous; shiny; keeled; 5 -veined. Lemma surface pubescent; hairy all along. Lemma apex acute. Palea cartilaginous; 2 -veined; without keels. Palea surface pubescent; hairy on back. Flower: Lodicules 2; membranous. Anthers 3. Ovary glabrous. Caryopsis with adherent pericarp; 1.4-1.6 mm long. Hilum linear" (GrassBase).
Habitat/ecology: In Australia, "grows in areas susceptible to flooding" (NSW PlantNET).
Propagation: Seed
Native range: United States, Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Ecuador, Paraguay, Peru, Uruguay (GRIN).
Presence:
Pacific | |||
Country/Terr./St. & Island group |
Location |
Cited status &
Cited as invasive & Cited as cultivated & Cited as aboriginal introduction? |
Reference &
Comments |
Chile (offshore islands)
Juan Fernández Islands |
Isla Más a Tierra (Robinson Crusoe Island) |
introduced
invasive |
Atkinson, Rachel/Sawyer, John (2011) |
Chile (offshore islands)
Juan Fernández Islands |
Isla Más a Tierra (Robinson Crusoe Island) |
introduced
invasive |
Danton, Philippe/Perrier, Christophe/Martinez Reyes, Guido (2006) (p. 556) |
Pacific Rim | |||
Country/Terr./St. & Island group |
Location |
Cited status &
Cited as invasive & Cited as cultivated & Cited as aboriginal introduction? |
Reference &
Comments |
Australia
Australia (continental) |
New South Wales |
introduced
invasive |
National Herbarium of New South Wales (2013) |
Australia
Australia (continental) |
Queensland |
introduced
invasive |
National Herbarium of New South Wales (2013) |
South America (Pacific rim)
South America (Pacific rim) |
Chile (Republic of) |
native
|
U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2013) |
South America (Pacific rim)
South America (Pacific rim) |
Ecuador (Republic of) (continental) |
native
|
U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2013) |
South America (Pacific rim)
South America (Pacific rim) |
Perú (Republic of) |
native
|
U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2013) |
United States (west coast)
United States (west coast states) |
USA (Oregon) |
native
|
U.S. Dept. Agr., Nat. Res. Cons. Serv. (2013) |
United States (west coast)
United States (west coast states) |
USA (California) |
native
|
U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2013) |
Also reported from | |||
Country/Terr./St. & Island group |
Location |
Cited status &
Cited as invasive & Cited as cultivated & Cited as aboriginal introduction? |
Reference &
Comments |
United States (continental except west coast)
United States (other states) |
United States (other states) |
native
|
U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2013) |
United States (continental except west coast)
United States (other states) |
USA (Florida) |
native
|
U.S. Dept. Agr., Nat. Res. Cons. Serv. (2013) |
United States (continental except west coast)
United States (other states) |
USA (Florida) |
native
|
U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2013) |
Control: If you know of control methods for Phalaris angusta, please let us know.