Pacific Island Ecosystems at Risk (PIER)

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Paspalum scrobiculatum
L., Poaceae
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Present on Pacific Islands?  yes

Primarily a threat at high elevations?  no

Other Latin names:  Paspalum cartilagineum Presl.; Paspalum orbiculare G. Forst.

Common name(s): [more details]

Chinese: ya jie cao

English: Indian paspalum, creeping paspalum, ditch millet, kodo millet, native Paspalum, rice grass, water couch

Fijian: co duru levu, tho ndina, tho nduru levu, tho ni ndina

French: herbe à épée

Hawaiian: mau‘u laiki

Kwara‘ae: karasi

Mangarevan: areto

Maori (Cook Islands): mātā, mata

Palauan: desum

Pohnpeian: ran-ta, ranta, reh-inta, rehnta

Spanish: mijo koda

Tahitian: nonoha

Habit:  grass

Description:  "Tufted perennial [grass] up to 120-150 cm tall; culms stout, erect, glabrous, somewhat bulbous at base, sheaths 7-14 cm long, glabrous or with sparse hairs at the collar, compressed, basal ones often purplish; ligule very short, but with a dense row of hairs just behind it; blades flat, 12-40 cm long, 3-12 mm wide, acute, scabrous, glaucous on upper surface; inflorescence of 4-6 racemes, these 2-4 cm long, alternate, distant, their axis 4-9 cm long, villous at base, sometimes pilose in the axils; rachis 1-1.5 mm wide, scabrous, usually reddish on the margins; spikelets paired, 2-2.5 mm long, broadly elliptic, imbricate, glabrous; second glume and sterile lemma 3-nerved; fertile lemma indurated, finely pitted; caryopsis 1.5 mm long, compressed-elliptic, pale"  (Stone, 1970; p. 218).

"The character used to distinguish Paspalum orbiculare and P. scrobiculatum, the presence of single or paired spikelets in the raceme, is a weak one.  Other differences in spikelet shape and coloration are equally unreliable in providing a basis for maintaining these as separate species"  (Wagner et al., 1999; pp. 1576-1577).

Description from GrassBase.

Habitat/ecology:  "In Fiji, abundant at elevations up to 1,300 m in clearings, along roadsides, in pastures, ditches, waste land, etc." (Smith, 1979; pp. 338-339).  In Hawai‘i, "common on slopes in poor, thin soil where few other grasses will grow, and in wet, swampy ground, 0-1,070 m (Wagner et al., 1999; pp. 1576-1577). In New Caledonia, "spontané mais peu commun en formations secondaires" (MacKee, 1994; p. 61).

Propagation:  Seed

Native range:  Tropical Asia, probably an aboriginal introduction to parts of the Pacific.

Presence:

Pacific
Country/Terr./St. &
Island group
Location Cited status &
Cited as invasive &
Cited as cultivated &
Cited as aboriginal introduction?
Reference &
Comments
American Samoa
Manu‘a Islands
Ofu Island   Whistler, W. A. (1980) (p. 163)
American Samoa
Manu‘a Islands
Ofu Island   Whistler, W. A. (1990)
Voucher cited: Whistler 2989
American Samoa
Manu‘a Islands
Ofu Island introduced
Ragone, Diane/Lorence, David H. (2003) (p. 52)
As Paspalum cartilagineum
American Samoa
Manu‘a Islands
Ofu Island   National Tropical Botanical Garden (U.S.A. Hawaii. Kalaheo.) (2001) (voucher ID: PTBG 34860)
Taxon name on voucher: Paspalum cartilagineum Presl
American Samoa
Manu‘a Islands
Ta‘u Island   Whistler, W. A. (1980) (p. 163)
American Samoa
Manu‘a Islands
Ta‘u Island   Whistler, W. A. (1990)
Vouchers cited: Whistler 1365, Whistler 1395, Whistler 3307
American Samoa
Manu‘a Islands
Ta‘u Island   National Tropical Botanical Garden (U.S.A. Hawaii. Kalaheo.) (1991) (voucher ID: PTBG 10232)
Taxon name on voucher: Paspalum scrobiculatum
American Samoa
Tutuila Islands
Tutuila Island   Whistler, W. A. (1980) (p. 163)
American Samoa
Tutuila Islands
Tutuila Island   National Tropical Botanical Garden (U.S.A. Hawaii. Kalaheo.) (1992) (voucher ID: PTBG 16360)
Taxon name on voucher: Paspalum scrobiculatum
Australia (Pacific offshore islands)
Norfolk Islands
Norfolk Island native
Orchard, Anthony E., ed. (1994) (p. 12)
"This species appears not to have been recorded recently". Vouchers cited: W. Laing (CHR); Nov. 1898, I. Robinson (NSW); Nov. 1902, J.H. Maiden & J.L. Boorman (NSW)
Chile (offshore islands)
Rapa Nui (Easter) Island
Rapa Nui (Easter) Island (Isla de Pasqua) introduced
invasive
Meyer, Jean-Yves (2008) (p. 29)
Chile (offshore islands)
Rapa Nui (Easter) Island
Rapa Nui (Easter) Island (Isla de Pasqua) native
Skottsberg, Carl (1953) (p. 63)
Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (US)
Northern Mariana Islands
Alamagan Island native
Ohba, T. (1994) (p. 65)
Paspalum orbiculare Voucher cited: CBM-BS-58854
Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (US)
Northern Mariana Islands
Asuncion Island native
Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1987) (p. 53)
As Paspalum orbiculare
Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (US)
Northern Mariana Islands
Asuncion Island native
Fosberg, F. R./Falanruw, M. V. C./Sachet, M.-H. (1975) (p. 14)
Paspalum orbiculare Vouchers cited: Falanruw 2299 (US), Falanruw 2307 (US)
Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (US)
Northern Mariana Islands
Guguan Island native
Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1987) (p. 53)
As Paspalum orbiculare
Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (US)
Northern Mariana Islands
Guguan Island native
Fosberg, F. R./Falanruw, M. V. C./Sachet, M.-H. (1975) (p. 14)
Paspalum orbiculare Voucher cited: Falanruw 1852 (US)
Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (US)
Northern Mariana Islands
Pagan Island native
Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1987) (p. 53)
As Paspalum orbiculare, Paspalum cartilagineum
Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (US)
Northern Mariana Islands
Pagan Island native
Fosberg, F. R./Falanruw, M. V. C./Sachet, M.-H. (1975) (p. 14)
Paspalum orbiculare Vouchers cited: Fosberg 31398 (US), Anderson 559 (US, BISH, Fo, NY, L), Moore 412 (US)
Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (US)
Northern Mariana Islands
Rota Island native
Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1987) (p. 53)
As Paspalum orbiculare, Paspalum cartilagineum varieties cartilagineum and biglumaceum
Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (US)
Northern Mariana Islands
Rota Island native
Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, M.-H. (1982) (pp. 80-82)
Paspalum cartilagineum var. biglumaceum Fosberg & Sachet; voucher cited: Necker RS-292 (US, holotype)
Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (US)
Saipan
Saipan Island native
Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1987) (p. 53)
As Paspalum orbiculare, Paspalum cartilagineum
Cook Islands
Southern Cook Islands
Aitutaki Atoll   McCormack, Gerald (2013)
Cook Islands
Southern Cook Islands
‘Atiu Island   McCormack, Gerald (2013)
Cook Islands
Southern Cook Islands
Mangaia Island   McCormack, Gerald (2013)
Cook Islands
Southern Cook Islands
Ma‘uke Island   McCormack, Gerald (2013)
Cook Islands
Southern Cook Islands
Rarotonga Island   McCormack, Gerald (2013)
Federated States of Micronesia
Chuuk Islands
Chuuk Islands native
Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, M.-H. (1982) (pp. 80-82)
Paspalum cartilagineum var. biglumaceum Fosberg & Sachet; voucher cited: Wong 245 (US)
Federated States of Micronesia
Chuuk Islands
Dublon (Tonowas) Island   Wagner, W. L./ Herbst, D. R./Weitzman, A./Lorence, D.H. (2013)
Federated States of Micronesia
Chuuk Islands
Fefan Island native
Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1987) (p. 53)
As Paspalum orbiculare, Paspalum cartilagineum
Federated States of Micronesia
Chuuk Islands
Lukunor (Núkúnooch) Atoll [xxx] native
Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1987) (p. 53)
As Paspalum orbiculare, Paspalum cartilagineum
Federated States of Micronesia
Chuuk Islands
Weno (Moen) Island native
Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1987) (p. 53)
As Paspalum orbiculare, Paspalum cartilagineum
Federated States of Micronesia
Kosrae Island
Kosrae Island introduced
invasive
Lorence, David H./Flynn, Timothy (2010) (p. 10)
Voucher cited: Flynn 6075 (PTBG)
Naturalized
Federated States of Micronesia
Kosrae Island
Kosrae Island   National Tropical Botanical Garden (U.S.A. Hawaii. Kalaheo.) (1996) (voucher ID: PTBG 24893)
Taxon name on voucher: Paspalum scrobiculatum L.
Federated States of Micronesia
Kosrae Island
Kosrae Island   National Tropical Botanical Garden (U.S.A. Hawaii. Kalaheo.) (2005) (voucher ID: PTBG 44928)
Taxon name on voucher: Paspalum scrobiculatum
Federated States of Micronesia
Pohnpei Islands
Pohnpei Island native
Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1987) (p. 53)
As Paspalum orbiculare, Paspalum cartilagineum
Federated States of Micronesia
Pohnpei Islands
Pohnpei Island   Glassman, S. F. (1952) (p. 132)
Also Paspalum orbiculare, vouchers cited: Takamatsu 629 (BISH), Glassman 2764 (US); Paspalum cartilagineum, voucher cited: Glassman 2438 (US)
Federated States of Micronesia
Pohnpei Islands
Pohnpei Island introduced
invasive
Herrera, Katherine/Lorence, David H./Flynn, Timothy/Balick, Michael J. (2010) (p. 60)
Vouchers cited: A. Dores 75 (NY, BISH, PTBG), A. Dores 160 (NY, BISH, PTBG), F.R. Fosberg 26284 (BISH), F.R. Fosberg 26399 (BISH), F.R. Fosberg 58503 (BISH), S. F. Glassman 2438 (BISH), S. F. Glassman 2764 (BISH), T. Hosokawa 3485 (BISH), T. Hosokawa 3498 (BISH), T. Hosokawa 5511 (BISH), T. Hosokawa 5856 (BISH), T. Hosokawa 8003 (BISH), A. Raynor 95 (NY), S.H. Riesenberg 64 (BISH), M. Takamatsu 629 (BISH)
Naturalized
Federated States of Micronesia
Pohnpei Islands
Pohnpei Island native
Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, M.-H. (1982) (pp. 80-82)
Paspalum cartilagineum var. biglumaceum Fosberg & Sachet; vouchers cited: Nakao in 1941 (KYO), Glassman 2764 (US)
Federated States of Micronesia
Pohnpei Islands
Pohnpei Island   National Tropical Botanical Garden (U.S.A. Hawaii. Kalaheo.) (2001) (voucher ID: PTBG 41804)
Taxon name on voucher: Paspalum scrobiculatum L.
Federated States of Micronesia
Yap Islands
Fais Island native
Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1987) (p. 53)
As Paspalum orbiculare
Federated States of Micronesia
Yap Islands
Fais Island introduced
invasive
Fosberg, F. R./Evans, M. (1969) (p. 3)
Var. auriculatum (Presl) Merr. Voucher cited: Fosberg 46674 (US)
Federated States of Micronesia
Yap Islands
Yap (Waqab) Island native
Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1987) (p. 53)
As Paspalum orbiculare, Paspalum cartilagineum
Fiji
Fiji Islands
Kandavu Island introduced
invasive
Smith, Albert C. (1979) (pp. 338-339)
Voucher cited: DA 9074
Fiji
Fiji Islands
Lakemba Island introduced
invasive
Smith, Albert C. (1979) (pp. 338-339)
Voucher cited: Garnock-Jones 834
Fiji
Fiji Islands
Ngau Island introduced
invasive
Smith, Albert C. (1979) (pp. 338-339)
Vouchers cited: MacGillivray & Milne, Smith 7970
Fiji
Fiji Islands
Ovalau Island introduced
invasive
Smith, Albert C. (1979) (pp. 338-339)
Voucher cited: DA 1349
Fiji
Fiji Islands
Rambi Island introduced
invasive
Smith, Albert C. (1979) (pp. 338-339)
Voucher cited: DA 3083
Fiji
Fiji Islands
Taveuni Island introduced
invasive
Smith, Albert C. (1979) (pp. 338-339)
Voucher cited: DA 8892
Fiji
Fiji Islands
Vanua Levu Island introduced
invasive
Smith, Albert C. (1979) (pp. 338-339)
Vouchers cited: Smith 6881, DA 8765, DA 8867
Fiji
Fiji Islands
Vanua Mbalavu Island introduced
invasive
Smith, Albert C. (1979) (pp. 338-339)
Voucher cited: Garnock-Jones 1091
Fiji
Fiji Islands
Viti Levu Island introduced
invasive
Smith, Albert C. (1979) (pp. 338-339)
Vouchers cited: DA 8231, DA 8264, Smith 4260, DA 7990, DA 8626, Smith 8831, DA 7324, DA 8134, DA 7508, DA 9606, DA 7767, DA 7723, DA 1173
French Polynesia
Gambier Islands
Akamaru Island introduced
invasive
Florence, J./Chevillotte, H./Ollier, C./Meyer, J.-Y. (2013)
Paspalum orbiculare J.G.A. Forster.
Adventice
French Polynesia
Gambier Islands
Akamaru Island introduced
St. John, Harold (1988) (p. 8)
Voucher cited: St. John 14706 (BISH)
French Polynesia
Gambier Islands
Aukena Island introduced
invasive
Florence, J./Chevillotte, H./Ollier, C./Meyer, J.-Y. (2013)
Paspalum orbiculare J.G.A. Forster.
Adventice
French Polynesia
Gambier Islands
Aukena Island introduced
St. John, Harold (1988) (p. 8)
Vouchers cited: St. John 14603 (BISH), St. John 14636 (BISH)
French Polynesia
Gambier Islands
Mangareva (Gambier) Island introduced
invasive
Florence, J./Chevillotte, H./Ollier, C./Meyer, J.-Y. (2013)
Paspalum orbiculare J.G.A. Forster.
Adventice
French Polynesia
Gambier Islands
Mangareva (Gambier) Island introduced
St. John, Harold (1988) (p. 8)
Vouchers cited: Agassiz 83 (GH), St. John 14541 (BISH), St. John 14551 (BISH)
French Polynesia
Gambier Islands
Taravai Island introduced
invasive
Florence, J./Chevillotte, H./Ollier, C./Meyer, J.-Y. (2013)
Paspalum orbiculare J.G.A. Forster.
Adventice
French Polynesia
Gambier Islands
Taravai Island introduced
St. John, Harold (1988) (p. 8)
Voucher cited: St. John 14795 (BISH)
French Polynesia
Marquesas Islands
Nuku Hiva (Nukahiva) Island   National Tropical Botanical Garden (U.S.A. Hawaii. Kalaheo.) (2004) (voucher ID: PTBG 42446)
Taxon name on voucher: Paspalum scrobiculatum
French Polynesia
Society Islands
Bora Bora Island introduced
invasive
Florence, J./Chevillotte, H./Ollier, C./Meyer, J.-Y. (2013)
As Paspalum orbiculare J.G.A. Forster. Voucher cited: J. Florence 12012 (PAP)
Adventice
French Polynesia
Society Islands
Huahine Island native
Welsh, S. L. (1998) (p. 342)
Voucher cited: Bare 88
French Polynesia
Society Islands
Huahine Island introduced
invasive
Florence, J./Chevillotte, H./Ollier, C./Meyer, J.-Y. (2013)
Paspalum orbiculare J.G.A. Forster. Voucher cited: J. Florence & R. Tahuaitu 11701 (PAP)
Adventice
French Polynesia
Society Islands
Maupiti (Maurua) Island native
Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, M.-H. (1987) (p. 15)
Paspalum orbiculare Forst. f.; voucher cited: Fosberg 64788 (US)
French Polynesia
Society Islands
Mehetia (Mahetia, Meetia) Island native
Welsh, S. L. (1998) (p. 342)
Voucher cited: Grant 4678
French Polynesia
Society Islands
Moorea Island native
Welsh, S. L. (1998) (p. 342)
Voucher cited: Fosberg 60945
French Polynesia
Society Islands
Moorea Island introduced
invasive
Florence, J./Chevillotte, H./Ollier, C./Meyer, J.-Y. (2013)
Paspalum orbiculare J.G.A. Forster.
Adventice
French Polynesia
Society Islands
Raiatea (Havai) Island native
Welsh, S. L. (1998) (p. 342)
Vouchers cited: Moore 18, BRY 25402?, BRY 26361
French Polynesia
Society Islands
Raiatea (Havai) Island introduced
invasive
Florence, J./Chevillotte, H./Ollier, C./Meyer, J.-Y. (2013)
As Paspalum orbiculare J.G.A. Forster. Vouchers cited: J. Florence 3420 (PAP), J. Florence 3481 (PAP), J. Florence 3690 (PAP), P. Morat 6936 (PAP), P. Morat 7001 (PAP), J. Florence 10433 (PAP)
Adventice
French Polynesia
Society Islands
Taha‘a Island native
Welsh, S. L. (1998) (p. 342)
Voucher cited: Florence 10599
French Polynesia
Society Islands
Taha‘a Island introduced
invasive
Florence, J./Chevillotte, H./Ollier, C./Meyer, J.-Y. (2013)
Paspalum orbiculare J.G.A. Forster. Vouchers cited: J. Florence 5267 (PAP), J. Florence 10599 (PAP)
Adventice
French Polynesia
Society Islands
Tahiti Island native
Welsh, S. L. (1998) (p. 342)
Voucher cited: Grant 3570
French Polynesia
Society Islands
Tahiti Island introduced
invasive
Florence, J./Chevillotte, H./Ollier, C./Meyer, J.-Y. (2013)
Paspalum orbiculare J.G.A. Forster. Vouchers cited: J. Florence 2254 (PAP), J. Florence 2875 (PAP), J. Florence & A. Varney 11091 (PAP), J.-M. Veillon & M. Guérin 54 (PAP), W.A. Whistler & M. Guérin 10 (PAP)
Adventice
French Polynesia
Tuamotu Archipelago
Makatea (Ma‘atea) Island introduced
invasive
Florence, J./Chevillotte, H./Ollier, C./Meyer, J.-Y. (2013)
Paspalum orbiculare J.G.A. Forster.
Adventice
French Polynesia
Austral (Tubuai) Islands
Raivavae (Raevavae) Island introduced
invasive
Florence, J./Chevillotte, H./Ollier, C./Meyer, J.-Y. (2013)
Paspalum orbiculare J.G.A. Forster. Vouchers cited: J. Florence 5775 (PAP), J. Florence 5799 (PAP), J. Florence & W.R. Sykes 11225 (PAP)
Adventice
French Polynesia
Austral (Tubuai) Islands
Rapa Island introduced
invasive
Florence, J./Chevillotte, H./Ollier, C./Meyer, J.-Y. (2013)
Paspalum orbiculare J.G.A. Forster. Voucher cited: J. Florence 6311 (PAP)
Adventice
French Polynesia
Austral (Tubuai) Islands
Rimatara (Rimitara) Island introduced
invasive
Florence, J./Chevillotte, H./Ollier, C./Meyer, J.-Y. (2013)
Paspalum orbiculare J.G.A. Forster.
Adventice
French Polynesia
Austral (Tubuai) Islands
Rurutu Island introduced
invasive
Florence, J./Chevillotte, H./Ollier, C./Meyer, J.-Y. (2013)
Paspalum orbiculare J.G.A. Forster. Vouchers cited: J. Florence 5914 (PAP), J. Florence 5914 (PAP)
Adventice
Guam
Guam Island
Guam Island uncertain if native
Stone, Benjamin C. (1970) (pp. 217-218)
Vouchers cited: MacGregor 519, Thompson 12
Guam
Guam Island
Guam Island native
Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1987) (p. 53)
As Paspalum orbiculare, Paspalum cartilagineum
State of Hawaii
Hawaiian Islands
Hawai‘i (Big) Island probably native
Wagner, Warren L./Herbst, Derral R./Sohmer, S. H. (1999) (pp. 1576-1577)
State of Hawaii
Hawaiian Islands
Kaua‘i Island probably native
Wagner, Warren L./Herbst, Derral R./Sohmer, S. H. (1999) (pp. 1576-1577)
State of Hawaii
Hawaiian Islands
Maui Island probably native
Wagner, Warren L./Herbst, Derral R./Sohmer, S. H. (1999) (pp. 1576-1577)
State of Hawaii
Hawaiian Islands
Moloka‘i Island probably native
Wagner, Warren L./Herbst, Derral R./Sohmer, S. H. (1999) (pp. 1576-1577)
State of Hawaii
Hawaiian Islands
O‘ahu Island probably native
Wagner, Warren L./Herbst, Derral R./Sohmer, S. H. (1999) (pp. 1576-1577)
Japan (offshore islands)
Ogasawara (Bonin) Islands
Bonin (Ogasawara) Islands   Kato, Hidetoshi (2007)
Kiribati
Tungaru (Gilbert) Islands
Tarawa Atoll   Swarbrick, John T. (1997) (p. 95)
Presence not verified.
Marshall Islands
Ralik Chain
Kili (Kõle) Atoll   Vander Velde, Nancy (year unknown)
Nauru
Nauru Island
Nauru Island native
Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1987) (p. 53)
As Paspalum orbiculare
New Caledonia
New Caledonia Archipelago
Île Grande Terre introduced
invasive
Tassin, Jacques (2005)
New Caledonia
New Caledonia Archipelago
Île Grande Terre introduced
invasive
MacKee, H. S. (1994) (p. 61)
Voucher cited: Le Rat 86
New Zealand (offshore islands)
Kermadec Islands
Raoul Island native
Sykes, W. R. (1977) (p. 174)
Paspalum orbiculare
New Zealand (offshore islands)
Kermadec Islands
Raoul Island introduced
invasive
Edgar, E./Connor, H. (2000) (p. 568)
"On thermally heated ground near active fumaroles in Denham Bay, partly shaded tracks, dry forest clearings and open ridges".
Niue
Niue
Niue Island introduced
invasive
Sykes, W. R. (1970) (p. 249)
Voucher cited: CHR 168804
Niue
Niue
Niue Island native
invasive
Whistler, W. A. (1988) (p. 55)
Niue
Niue
Niue Island native
invasive
Whistler, W. A./Atherton, J. (1997) (p. 56)
Niue
Niue
Niue Island introduced
invasive
Yuncker, T. G. (1943) (p. 22)
Vouchers cited: Yuncker 9621 (BISH), Yuncker 10165 (BISH)
"Weed in taro plantations and waste areas".
Niue
Niue
Niue Island introduced
invasive
Space, James C./Waterhouse, Barbara M./Newfield, Melanie/Bull, Cate (2004) (p. Voucher specimen submitted for determination.)
Voucher: BMW 7080 (BISH, CHR, BRI)
Palau
Palau (Belau ) (main island group)
Babeldaob Island native
Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1987) (p. 53)
As Paspalum orbiculare, Paspalum cartilagineum
Palau
Palau (Belau ) (main island group)
Babeldaob Island   Beleu National Museum (Republic of Palau. Koror.) (1963) (voucher ID: BNM 149)
Taxon name on voucher: Paspalum orbiculare Forst. f.
Palau
Palau (Belau ) (main island group)
Babeldaob Island   Beleu National Museum (Republic of Palau. Koror.) (1981) (voucher ID: BNM 3030)
Taxon name on voucher: Paspalum orbiculare Forst. f.
Palau
Palau (Belau ) (main island group)
Babeldaob Island   Beleu National Museum (Republic of Palau. Koror.) (1968) (voucher ID: BNM 150)
Taxon name on voucher: Paspalum orbiculare Forst. f.
Palau
Palau (Belau ) (main island group)
Babeldaob Island   Beleu National Museum (Republic of Palau. Koror.) (1981) (voucher ID: BNM 3040)
Taxon name on voucher: Paspalum orbiculare Forst. f.
Palau
Palau (Belau ) (main island group)
Babeldaob Island   Beleu National Museum (Republic of Palau. Koror.) (1981) (voucher ID: BNM 3058)
Taxon name on voucher: Paspalum orbiculare Forst. f.
Palau
Palau (Belau ) (main island group)
Babeldaob Island   Beleu National Museum (Republic of Palau. Koror.) (1981) (voucher ID: BNM 3031)
Taxon name on voucher: Paspalum orbiculare Forst. f.
Palau
Palau (Belau ) (main island group)
Babeldaob Island   Beleu National Museum (Republic of Palau. Koror.) (1981) (voucher ID: BNM 3025)
Taxon name on voucher: Paspalum orbiculare Forst. f.
Palau
Palau (Belau ) (main island group)
Babeldaob Island   Beleu National Museum (Republic of Palau. Koror.) (1996) (voucher ID: BNM 26378)
Taxon name on voucher: Paspalum orbiculare
Palau
Palau (Belau ) (main island group)
Koror (Oreor) Island native
Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1987) (p. 53)
As Paspalum orbiculare
Palau
Palau (Belau ) (main island group)
Koror (Oreor) Island native
Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, M.-H. (1982) (p. 83)
Paspalum orbiculare var. otobedii Fosberg & Sachet; voucher cited: Otobed PW-10090 (US, holotype)
Palau
Palau (Belau ) (main island group)
Koror (Oreor) Island   Beleu National Museum (Republic of Palau. Koror.) (1977) (voucher ID: BNM 10090)
Taxon name on voucher: Paspalum orbiculare Forest. F.
Palau
Palau (Belau ) (main island group)
Malakal (Ngemelachel) Island native
Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1987) (p. 53)
As Paspalum orbiculare
Palau
Palau (Belau ) (main island group)
Ngercheu Island introduced
invasive
Space, James C./Lorence, David H./LaRosa, Anne Marie (2009) (p. 60)
Carp Resort. Voucher: Lorence 9858 (PTBG, BNM, BISH, NY, US)
Palau
Palau (Belau ) (main island group)
Ngercheu Island   National Tropical Botanical Garden (U.S.A. Hawaii. Kalaheo.) (2008) (voucher ID: PTBG 151)
Taxon name on voucher: Paspalum orbiculare G.Forst.
Palau
Palau (Belau ) (main island group)
Ngerkebesang Island native
Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1987) (p. 53)
As Paspalum orbiculare
Palau
Palau (Belau ) (main island group)
Ngerkebesang Island   Beleu National Museum (Republic of Palau. Koror.) (1979) (voucher ID: BNM 1072)
Taxon name on voucher: Paspalum orbiculare Forst. f.
Palau
Palau (Belau ) (main island group)
Peleliu (Beliliou) Island native
Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1987) (p. 53)
As Paspalum orbiculare
Palau
Rock Islands (Chelbacheb)
Ngeanges Island introduced
invasive
Space, James C./Lorence, David H./LaRosa, Anne Marie (2009) (p. 60)
Voucher: Lorence 9880 (PTBG, BNM, NY, US)
Palau
Rock Islands (Chelbacheb)
Ngeanges Island   National Tropical Botanical Garden (U.S.A. Hawaii. Kalaheo.) (2008) (voucher ID: PTBG 173)
Taxon name on voucher: Paspalum scrobiculatum L.
Palau
Rock Islands (Chelbacheb)
Ngeremdiu Island introduced
invasive
Space, James C./Lorence, David H./LaRosa, Anne Marie (2009) (p. 60)
Papua New Guinea
Bougainville Islands
Bougainville Island   Foreman, D. B. (1971) (p. 25)
Papua New Guinea
Papua New Guinea (eastern New Guinea Island)
Papua New Guinea (eastern New Guinea Island)   Henty, E. E. (1969) (pp. 145-146)
As Paspalum cartilagineum Presl. and Paspalum orbiculare Forst. Widely spread to about 4000 ft.
Philippines
Philippine Islands
Philippine Islands native
U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2013)
Philippines
Philippine Islands
Philippine Islands native
Merrill, Elmer D. (1925) (pp. 56-57)
In open grasslands at low and medium altitudes, ascending to 1,500 m; common and somewhat variable.
Pitcairn Islands
Pitcairn Islands
Pitcairn Island introduced
St. John, H. (1987) (p. 23)
Paspalum orbiculare; Vouchers cited: Fosberg & B. Christian 11222, Fosberg & R. Clark 11271
Pitcairn Islands
Pitcairn Islands
Pitcairn Island introduced
invasive
Florence, J./Chevillotte, H./Ollier, C./Meyer, J.-Y. (2013)
Paspalum orbiculare J.G.A. Forster. Voucher cited: J. Florence 10771 (PAP)
Adventice
Solomon Islands
Solomon Islands
Solomon Islands   Swarbrick, John T. (1997) (p. 95)
Solomon Islands
Solomon Islands
Solomon Islands native
Hancock, I. R./Henderson, C. P. (1988) (p. 97)
Paspalum cartilagineum Presl., Paspalum orbiculare Forst.
Tonga
Ha‘apai Group
Ha‘apai Islands native
Whistler, W. A. (1992) (p. 101)
Paspalum orbiculare. Vouchers cited: Yuncker 15932, Soakai 646, Hotta 4874 (cf. 4875)
Tonga
Ha‘apai Group
Kao Island native
Whistler, W. A. (1992) (p. 101)
Paspalum orbiculare. Voucher cited: Yuncker 15924
Tonga
Ha‘apai Group
Kao Island   Yuncker, T. G. (1959) (p. 58)
Paspalum cartilagineum Presl. Voucher cited: Yuncker 15924
Tonga
Ha‘apai Group
Nomuka Island   Yuncker, T. G. (1959) (p. 58)
Paspalum cartilagineum Presl. Voucher cited: Yuncker 15932
Tonga
Tonga Islands
Tonga Islands   Yuncker, T. G. (1959) (p. 58)
Paspalum cartilagineum Presl. "Frequent throughout Tonga"
Tonga
Tongatapu Group
‘Eua Island native
Whistler, W. A. (1992) (p. 101)
Paspalum orbiculare. Vouchers cited: Parks 16270!, Parks 16396!, Hurlimann 196, Yuncker 15452, Soakai 100 (EI), Sykes 328a, Sykes 899, Whistler 7221, Whistler 7411, Whistler 7476
Tonga
Tongatapu Group
‘Eua Island   Yuncker, T. G. (1959) (p. 58)
Paspalum cartilagineum Presl. Voucher cited: Yuncker 15452; Paspalum orbiculare Forster f. Voucher cited: Hüurlimann 196
Tonga
Tongatapu Group
‘Eua Island   National Tropical Botanical Garden (U.S.A. Hawaii. Kalaheo.) (1997) (voucher ID: PTBG 23718)
Taxon name on voucher: Paspalum scrobiculatum L.
Tonga
Tongatapu Group
Tongatapu Island native
Whistler, W. A. (1992) (p. 101)
Paspalum orbiculare. Vouchers cited: Cook (n.s.), Hotta 4092!, Hotta 4095, Hotta 4502, Soakai 625, Soakai 701
Tonga
Tongatapu Group
Tongatapu Island   Yuncker, T. G. (1959) (p. 58)
Paspalum cartilagineum Presl.
Tonga
Vava‘u Group
Late Island native
Sykes, W. R. (1981) (p. 352)
Paspalum orbiculare.
Tonga
Vava‘u Group
Late Island native
Whistler, W. A. (1992) (p. 101)
Paspalum orbiculare. Voucher cited: Buelow & Sykes 646
Tonga
Vava‘u Group
Niuafo‘ou Island native
Whistler, W. A. (1992) (p. 101)
Paspalum orbiculare. Voucher cited: Whistler 6368
Tonga
Vava‘u Group
Tafahi Island native
Whistler, W. A. (1992) (p. 101)
Paspalum orbiculare. Voucher cited: Whistler 6288
Tonga
Vava‘u Group
Vava‘u Island native
Whistler, W. A. (1992) (p. 101)
Paspalum orbiculare. Vouchers cited: Crosby 191, Yuncker 16063
Tonga
Vava‘u Group
Vava‘u Island   Yuncker, T. G. (1959) (p. 58)
Paspalum cartilagineum Presl. Voucher cited: Yuncker 16063
Tonga
Vava‘u Group
Vava‘u Island   Burkill, I. H. (1900) (p. 60)
United States (other Pacific offshore islands)
Palmyra Atoll
Palmyra Atoll introduced
invasive
Wester, Lyndon (1985) (p. 17)
Paspalum orbiculare
United States (other Pacific offshore islands)
Wake Islands
Wake Island native
Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1987) (p. 53)
As Paspalum cartilagineum
Vanuatu
New Hebrides Islands
Vanuatu (Republic of)   Swarbrick, John T. (1997) (p. 95)
Wallis and Futuna
Wallis and Futuna (Horne) Islands
Wallis (‘Uvea) Island native
Morat, Ph./Veillon, J.-M. (1985)
As Palpalum orbiculare. Morat & Veillon, 1985, cited in Meyer, 2007
Wallis and Futuna
Wallis and Futuna (Horne) Islands
Wallis and Futuna Islands   Whistler, W. A. (1988) (p. 55)
Wallis and Futuna
Wallis and Futuna (Horne) Islands
Wallis and Futuna Islands Meyer, Jean-Yves (2000) (p. 107)
Paspalum orbiculare "Potential invader". Grasslands and wetlands.
Pacific Rim
Country/Terr./St. &
Island group
Location Cited status &
Cited as invasive &
Cited as cultivated &
Cited as aboriginal introduction?
Reference &
Comments
Australia
Australia (continental)
Australia (continental) native
U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2013)
Cambodia
Cambodia
Cambodia (Kingdom of) native
U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2013)
China
China
China (People's Republic of) native
U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2013)
China
China
Hong Kong native
Wu, Te-lin (2001) (p. 342)
Also as Paspalum orbiculare Forst. In Wasteland.
Indonesia
Indonesia
Indonesia (Republic of) native
U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2013)
Japan
Japan
Japan   Holm, Leroy/Pancho, Juan V./Herberger, James P./Plucknett, Donald L. (1979) (pp. 268-269)
South Korea
South Korea
South Korea (Republic of)   Holm, Leroy/Pancho, Juan V./Herberger, James P./Plucknett, Donald L. (1979) (pp. 268-269)
Malaysia
Malaysia
Malaysia (country of) native
U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2013)
Negara Brunei Darussalam
Brunei
Brunei (Negara Brunei Darussalam) probably native
Waterhouse, D. F. (1993) (pp. 67, 78)
New Zealand
New Zealand
New Zealand (country) introduced
invasive
Edgar, E./Connor, H. (2000) (p. 568)
"On clay soil, open Leptospermum scrubland, dry banks and waste ground; also on damp ground, particularly seepages".
Singapore
Singapore
Singapore (Republic of) probably native
Waterhouse, D. F. (1993) (pp. 67, 78)
Singapore
Singapore
Singapore (Republic of) uncertain if introduced
invasive
Chong, Kwek Yan/Tan, Hugh T. W./Corlett, Richard T. (2009) (p. 67)
Weed of uncertain origin
Taiwan
Taiwan Island
Taiwan Island native
U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2013)
Thailand
Thailand
Thailand (Kingdom of) native
U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2013)
Vietnam
Vietnam
Vietnam (Socialist Republic of) native
U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2013)
Indian Ocean
Country/Terr./St. &
Island group
Location Cited status &
Cited as invasive &
Cited as cultivated &
Cited as aboriginal introduction?
Reference &
Comments
La Réunion (France)
La Réunion Island
La Réunion Island native
U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2013)
Mauritius
Mautitius Islands (Mauritius and Rodrigues)
Mauritius Island native
U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2013)
Seychelles
Seychelles Islands
Frégate Island   Robertson, S. A./Todd, D. M. (1983) (p. 58)
Vouchers cited: Procter 4171, Robertson 2664

Comments:  There is a question as to whether or not this species is indigenous to the Pacific. It may be an early introduction.

Control:  If you know of control methods for Paspalum scrobiculatum, please let us know.


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This page was created on 1 JAN 1999 and was last updated on 30 NOV 2008.