(Burm.f.) DC., Brassicaceae |
Present on Pacific Islands? yes
Primarily a threat at high elevations? no
Risk assessment results: High risk, score: 10 (Go to the risk assessment)
Common name(s): [more details]
English: African pepperwort, common pepper cress, rubble pepper cress |
Habit: herb
Description: "Annual or perennial herbs; stems erect, usually 3-7 dm tall, branched in the upper half, the branches usually ascending, glabrous. Leaves variable; basal leaves usually oblanceolate, toothed, sometimes pinnately lobed, 2-8 cm long; cauline leaves usually linear-oblanceolate 1-4 cm long, toothed to entire, usually sparsely ciliate. Flowers in elongate racemes, usually 10-18 cm long; sepals 0.7-0.8 mm long, caducous; petals thread-like, shorter than sepals; stamens usually 2. Silicles ovate to obovate, 2-3 mm long, 1.5-2 mm wide, notch shallow, the margins scarcely exceeding the short style; pedicel ±flattened, adaxial side sparsely puberulent, ±curved. Seeds ca. 1.5 mm long" (Wagner & Herbst, 1995, p. 17)
"Annual to perennial herb or subshrub, to 75 cm tall, branched in upper part, finely appressed pubescent or glabrous. Stems erect. Leaf lamina narrowly lanceolate-linear to lanceolate or oblanceolate, 1.5-6 cm long, 0.1-0.8 cm broad, attenuate at base, entire to irregularly serrate, acute, sometimes sparsely ciliate; basal leaves ephemeral; stem leaves reduced in size upwards. Inflorescence dense. Sepals ovate, 0.6-0.8 mm long. Petals thread-like, shorter than sepals or absent. Stamens 2. Infructescence racemose, elongate; pedicels 2-3 mm long, finely puberulous. Silicula flattened-ellipsoidal, 2-3 mm long, 1.5-2 mm broad, slightly winged at apex, notched; valves keeled. Seeds ellipsoidal, reddish brown, 1-1.25 mm long" (Flora of Australia online).
Habitat/ecology: In Hawaii, naturalized as a roadside weed and in waste areas, littoral vegetation, shrubland/grassland/herbland, and dry disturbed sites (Wagner & Herbst, 1995, p. 17; Oppenheimer, 2003, p. 3; Lorence & Flynn, 2006, p. 16). In New Zealand, "gardens, railway ballast, waste land, sand dunes, roadsides, especially near the coast" (Webb et al., 1988; p. 428).
Propagation: Seed
Native range: "Native throughout eastern Africa, now a widespread weed of warm temperate to tropical regions" (Flora of Australia online).
Presence:
Pacific | |||
Country/Terr./St. & Island group |
Location |
Cited status &
Cited as invasive & Cited as cultivated & Cited as aboriginal introduction? |
Reference &
Comments |
Australia (Pacific offshore islands)
Lord Howe Island |
Lord Howe Island |
introduced
invasive |
Orchard, Anthony E., ed. (1994) (p. 19)
"Occasional on the Island. Native throughout eastern Africa, now a widespread weed of warm temperate to tropical regions". Voucher cited: A.N. Rodd (NSW) |
Australia (Pacific offshore islands)
Lord Howe Island |
Lord Howe Island |
introduced
invasive |
Australian Biological Resources Study (2013) |
State of Hawaii
Hawaiian Islands |
Hawaii (Big) Island |
introduced
invasive |
Wagner, Warren L./Herbst, Derral R. (1995) (p. 17)
Vouchers cited: Herbst & Spence 5321 (BISH), Char & Stemmermann 85.019 (BISH), Engilis 34 (BISH), Takeuchi 5790 (BISH) |
State of Hawaii
Hawaiian Islands |
Kauai Island |
introduced
invasive |
Lorence, David H./Flynn, Tim (2006) (p. 16)
Voucher cited: K.R. Wood 11135 (BISH, PTBG, US) |
State of Hawaii
Hawaiian Islands |
Maui Island |
introduced
invasive |
Oppenheimer, Hank L. (2003) (p. 8)
West Maui. Vouchers cited: Oppenheimer H30124 (BISH, PTBG), Oppenheimer H50125 (BISH, PTBG) |
State of Hawaii
Hawaiian Islands |
Oahu Island |
introduced
invasive |
Frohlich, Danielle/Lau, Alex (2010) (p. 6)
Voucher cited: K. Kawelo USARMY 91 (BISH) |
Pacific Rim | |||
Country/Terr./St. & Island group |
Location |
Cited status &
Cited as invasive & Cited as cultivated & Cited as aboriginal introduction? |
Reference &
Comments |
Australia
Australia (continental) |
New South Wales |
introduced
invasive |
National Herbarium of New South Wales (2013)
Naturalised |
Australia
Australia (continental) |
Australia (continental) |
introduced
invasive |
National Herbarium of New South Wales (2013)
South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria, Western Australia Naturalised |
Australia
Australia (continental) |
Northern Territory |
introduced
invasive |
National Herbarium of New South Wales (2013)
Naturalised |
Australia
Australia (continental) |
Queensland |
introduced
invasive |
National Herbarium of New South Wales (2013)
Naturalised |
New Zealand
New Zealand |
New Zealand (country) |
introduced
invasive |
Webb, C. J./Sykes, W. R./Garnock-Jones, P. J. (1988) (p. 428) |
Indian Ocean | |||
Country/Terr./St. & Island group |
Location |
Cited status &
Cited as invasive & Cited as cultivated & Cited as aboriginal introduction? |
Reference &
Comments |
Mauritius
Mautitius Islands (Mauritius and Rodrigues) |
Mauritius Island |
introduced
invasive |
U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2013)
Naturalized |
Also reported from | |||
Country/Terr./St. & Island group |
Location |
Cited status &
Cited as invasive & Cited as cultivated & Cited as aboriginal introduction? |
Reference &
Comments |
United States (continental except west coast)
United States (other states) |
United States (other states) |
introduced
|
U.S. Dept. Agr., Nat. Res. Cons. Serv. (2013) |
Control: If you know of control methods for Lepidium africanum, please let us know.