L., Iridaceae |
Present on Pacific Islands? yes
Primarily a threat at high elevations? no
Common name(s): [more details]
English: Florentine iris, German iris, bearded iris, common iris, flags, orris, orris-root, tall bearded iris |
French: iris de Florence |
Spanish: lirio blanco, lirio de Florencia |
Habit: herb
Description: "Rhizomes homogeneous, usually many-branched, light brown, 1.2-2 cm in diameter, smooth, nodes marked by rings around rhizome, branches may arise in the fan or as many as 15-20 nodes produced prior to active leaves. Stems green, 2-3-branched, solid, 6-12 dm x 1-1.5 cm, glaucous. Leaves equitant, blade sometimes purplish at base, ensiform, to 4.5 dm x 3.5 cm, glaucous. Inflorescences with terminal unit 2-3-flowered, branch units 1-2-flowered; spathes green, sometimes with purple base, 2-5 cm, herbaceous with narrow, scarious margins and tip. Flowers: perianth shades of blue-violet, yellow, brown, or white with various patterns of pigment distribution; floral tube 1-2.5 cm; sepals spreading, drooping, or somewhat reflexed, blue-violet, yellow, brown, or white with patterned overlay of darker blue-violet, with white or yellow beard along midrib of claw and lower part of limb, obovate limb tapering gradually to claw, 6-7.5 x 4-5.5 cm; petals alternating with sepals, erect, obovate, 5-7 x 4-5.5 cm, with short, 1.5-2 cm, channeled claw; ovary roundly trigonal, 1.5-2.5 cm, slightly wider than floral tube. Capsules borne on ends of stems and branches, roundly 3-lobed, 3-5 x 2.5 cm, apex with short remnant of floral tube. Seeds in 2 rows per locule, red-brown, oval, 3-4 mm, wrinkled" (Flora of North America online).
Habitat/ecology: Commonly cultivated; may persist and spread after cultivation. Often spread by dumping of garden waste.
Propagation: Seed, rhizomes.
Native range: Probable origin eastern Mediterranean region; widely cultivated (GRIN).
Presence:
Pacific | |||
Country/Terr./St. & Island group |
Location |
Cited status &
Cited as invasive & Cited as cultivated & Cited as aboriginal introduction? |
Reference &
Comments |
Chile (offshore islands)
Juan Fernández Islands |
Isla Más a Tierra (Robinson Crusoe Island) |
introduced
invasive |
Atkinson, Rachel/Sawyer, John (2011) |
Chile (offshore islands)
Juan Fernández Islands |
Isla Más a Tierra (Robinson Crusoe Island) |
introduced
invasive cultivated |
Danton, Philippe/Perrier, Christophe/Martinez Reyes, Guido (2006) (pp. 486-487, 532-533, 554)
Voucher cited: Danton I(5/39)1387. "Son plantas que se reproducen muy bien de manera vegetativa y que se naturalizaron en varios sitos de la Municipalidad de Juan Fernández y del pueblo de San Juan Bautista. Son plantas potencialmente capaces de colonizar espacios deniro del Parque national". |
Chile (offshore islands)
Juan Fernández Islands |
Isla Más Afuera (Alejandro Selkirk Island) |
introduced
invasive |
Atkinson, Rachel/Sawyer, John (2011) |
Chile (offshore islands)
Juan Fernández Islands |
Isla Más Afuera (Alejandro Selkirk Island) |
introduced
invasive cultivated |
Danton, Philippe/Perrier, Christophe/Martinez Reyes, Guido (2006) (pp. 486-487, 532-533, 554)
Voucher cited: Danton G(1433)1198. "Tuvimos la sorpresa de descubrir una mata cerca de una ruina (sector El Papal)". |
Pacific Rim | |||
Country/Terr./St. & Island group |
Location |
Cited status &
Cited as invasive & Cited as cultivated & Cited as aboriginal introduction? |
Reference &
Comments |
Australia
Australia (continental) |
New South Wales |
introduced
invasive cultivated |
National Herbarium of New South Wales (2013)
"Widely grown as a garden ornamental in temperate districts and naturalized locally on roadsides and wasteland". |
Japan
Japan |
Japan |
introduced
|
Mito, Toshikazu/Uesugi, Tetsuro (2004) (p. 191) |
New Zealand
New Zealand |
New Zealand (country) |
introduced
invasive cultivated |
Healy, A. J./Edgar, E. (1980) (p. 129)
Naturalised |
United States (west coast)
United States (west coast states) |
USA (Oregon) |
introduced
|
U.S. Dept. Agr., Nat. Res. Cons. Serv. (2013) |
United States (west coast)
United States (west coast states) |
USA (California) |
introduced
|
U.S. Dept. Agr., Nat. Res. Cons. Serv. (2013) |
United States (west coast)
United States (west coast states) |
USA (Washington) |
introduced
|
U.S. Dept. Agr., Nat. Res. Cons. Serv. (2013) |
Also reported from | |||
Country/Terr./St. & Island group |
Location |
Cited status &
Cited as invasive & Cited as cultivated & Cited as aboriginal introduction? |
Reference &
Comments |
Canada
Canada |
Canada |
introduced
|
U.S. Dept. Agr., Nat. Res. Cons. Serv. (2013) |
United States (continental except west coast)
United States (other states) |
United States (other states) |
introduced
|
U.S. Dept. Agr., Nat. Res. Cons. Serv. (2013) |
United States (continental except west coast)
United States (other states) |
USA (Florida) |
introduced
|
U.S. Dept. Agr., Nat. Res. Cons. Serv. (2013) |
Control: If you know of control methods for Iris germanica, please let us know.