Hippeastrum puniceum (Lam.) Voss, Amaryllidaceae

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Present on Pacific Islands?  yes

Primarily a threat at high elevations?  no

Risk assessment results:  Low risk (based on second screen), score: 2 (Go to the risk assessment)

Other Latin names:  Amaryllis punicea Lam.

Common name(s): [more details]

Chuukese: liirio par

English: Barbados lily, Easter lily, amaryllis

French: lis rouge

Habit:  herb

Description:  "Bulb globose or ovoid, stoloniferous, 4-5 cm in diameter; tunics brown; neck short.  Leaves 4-6, 30-60 cm long, 2.5-3 cm wide, lorate, tapering distally to the acute apex, more or less hysteranthous, bright green.  Scape 40-60 cm tall; bracts lanceolate, green.  Flowers 2-4; pedicels 30-70 mm long; perianth 100-130 mm long, ca 100 mm in diameter; tube concolorous with the tepals or green, ca 25 mm long; tepals 60-75 mm long, green and white proximally, orange or orange-red distally (rarely pink or white), with a paracorona of short fimbriae at their base, outer whorl ovate, ca 40-50 mm wide, inner whorl more narrowly ovate, 30-40 mm wide, the lowermost tepal much narrower than the lateral two.  Stamens declinate; filaments 50-60 mm long, those opposite the outer tepals ca 10 mm shorter than the inner 3, proximally greenish white, distally concolorous with the tepals; anthers oblong, 4-5 mm long; pollen yellow.  Style 60-80 mm long, declinate, exceeding the stamens by ca 10 mm, greenish-white proximally, distally concolorous with the tepals; stigma shortly 3-lobed.  Ovary oblong-ellipsoid, ca 10 mm long, 4-5 mm wide"  (Meerow, 1990; pp. 6-8).

See Hippeastrum striatum for Hawai‘i plants.

Habitat/ecology:  In New Caledonia, "souvent planté dans les jardins, surtout mélanésiens; persiste parfois dans des jardins longtemps abandonnés" (MacKee, 1994; p. 13).

Propagation:  Seed

Native range:  Northern South America; also cultivated and naturalized (GRIN).

Presence:

Pacific
Country/Terr./St. & Island group	Location	Cited status & Cited as invasive & Cited as cultivated & Cited as aboriginal introduction?	Reference & Comments
Australia (Pacific offshore islands) Lord Howe Island	Lord Howe Island	introduced invasive cultivated	Orchard, Anthony E., ed. (1994) (p. 22) "An escape from cultivation now spreading by self-sown seed". Voucher cited: J.G. Conran 634 (K, NSW)
Chile (offshore islands) Juan Fernández Islands	Isla Más a Tierra (Robinson Crusoe Island)	introduced invasive cultivated	Atkinson, Rachel/Sawyer, John (2011)
Chile (offshore islands) Juan Fernández Islands	Isla Más a Tierra (Robinson Crusoe Island)	introduced invasive cultivated	Danton, Philippe/Perrier, Christophe/Martinez Reyes, Guido (2006) (pp. 485-486, 531-532, 554) "Es cultivada en varios jardines del pueblo de San Juan Bautista donde se reproduce sola de manera vegetativa sin volverse, no obstante, tan invasora como la especie circana: Amaryllis belladona L., también presente en la isla".
Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (US) Northern Mariana Islands	Tinian Island	introduced	Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1987) (p. 104)
Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (US) Saipan	Saipan Island	introduced	Raulerson, L. (2006) (p. 20)
Cook Islands Southern Cook Islands	Mangaia Island	introduced cultivated	McCormack, Gerald (2013) Presence not confirmed
Ecuador (Galápagos Islands) Floreana Group	Floreana Island	introduced cultivated	Charles Darwin Foundation (2008)
Ecuador (Galápagos Islands) Isabela Group	Isabela Island	introduced cultivated	Charles Darwin Foundation (2008)
Ecuador (Galápagos Islands) Isabela Group	Volcán Sierra Negra, Isabela Island	introduced cultivated	Charles Darwin Foundation (2008)
Ecuador (Galápagos Islands) San Cristóbal Group	San Cristóbal Island	introduced cultivated	Charles Darwin Foundation (2008)
Ecuador (Galápagos Islands) Santa Cruz Group	Santa Cruz Island	introduced cultivated	Charles Darwin Foundation (2008)
Federated States of Micronesia Chuuk Islands	Puluwat (Pwonowót) Atoll	introduced cultivated	Manner, H. I./Mallon, E. (1989) (p. 40) Voucher cited: Manner & Mallon 226 (GUAM)
Fiji Fiji Islands	Fiji Islands	introduced cultivated	Smith, Albert C. (1979) (p. 160)
Kiribati Kiribati	Kiribati (Republic of)	introduced cultivated	Thaman, R. R. (1987) (p. 41)
Marshall Islands Ralik Chain	Ebon (Epoon) Atoll		Wagner, W. L./ Herbst, D. R./Weitzman, A./Lorence, D.H. (2013)
Marshall Islands Ralik Chain	Jaluit (Jãlwõj) Atoll	introduced	Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1987) (p. 104)
Marshall Islands Ralik Chain	Kwajalein (Kuwajleen) Atoll	introduced cultivated	Whistler, W. A./Steele, O. (1999) (p. 103)
Marshall Islands Ratak Chain	Arno Atoll	introduced	Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1987) (p. 104)
Marshall Islands Ratak Chain	Likiep Atoll	introduced	Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1987) (p. 104)
Marshall Islands Ratak Chain	Likiep Atoll	introduced cultivated	Fosberg, F. R. (1959) (p. 3) Voucher cited: Fosberg 36727 (US)
Nauru Nauru Island	Nauru Island	introduced	Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1987) (p. 104)
Nauru Nauru Island	Nauru Island	introduced cultivated	Thaman, R. R./Fosberg, F. R./Manner, H. I./Hassall, D. C. (1994) (p. 58) Voucher cited: Fosberg 58718 (US)
New Caledonia Îles Loyauté (Loyalte Islands)	Île Walpole	introduced invasive	MacKee, H. S. (1994) (p. 13) Voucher cited: Benoit in MacKee 34404 Spontané
New Caledonia New Caledonia Archipelago	Île Grande Terre	introduced cultivated	MacKee, H. S. (1994) (p. 13) Voucher cited: MacKee 34257
Solomon Islands Solomon Islands	Solomon Islands	introduced cultivated	Hancock, I. R./Henderson, C. P. (1988) (p. 81)

Pacific Rim
Country/Terr./St. & Island group	Location	Cited status & Cited as invasive & Cited as cultivated & Cited as aboriginal introduction?	Reference & Comments
Central America Central America (Pacific rim)	Nicaragua (Republic of)	introduced invasive	U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2013) Naturalized
Mexico Mexico	Mexico (United Mexican States)	introduced invasive	U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2013) Naturalized
South America (Pacific rim) South America (Pacific rim)	Colombia	native	U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2013)
South America (Pacific rim) South America (Pacific rim)	Ecuador (Republic of) (continental)	native	Meerow, Alan W. (1990) (pp. 6-8)
South America (Pacific rim) South America (Pacific rim)	Perú (Republic of)	native	U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2013)

Indian Ocean
Country/Terr./St. & Island group	Location	Cited status & Cited as invasive & Cited as cultivated & Cited as aboriginal introduction?	Reference & Comments
British Indian Ocean Territory Chagos Archipelago	Diego Garcia Island	introduced cultivated	Whistler, W. Arthur (1996) (p. 31)
British Indian Ocean Territory Chagos Archipelago	Diego Garcia Island	introduced invasive cultivated	Rivers, Julie (2004) (pp. 1, 6)
Maldives Maldive Islands	Malè Atoll		Fosberg, F. R. (1957) (p. 15)
Seychelles Seychelles Islands	Seychelles Islands	introduced	Invasive Species Specialist Group (2017)

Also reported from
Country/Terr./St. & Island group	Location	Cited status & Cited as invasive & Cited as cultivated & Cited as aboriginal introduction?	Reference & Comments
United States (continental except west coast) United States (other states)	United States (other states)	introduced invasive	U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2013) Louisiana, Texas Naturalized

Control:  If you know of control methods for Hippeastrum puniceum, please let us know.