Zoll. & Moritzi, Salicaceae |
|
Present on Pacific Islands? yes
Primarily a threat at high elevations? no
Other Latin names: Flacourtia euphlebia Merr.
Common name(s): [more details]
Chinese: da ye ci li mu |
English: Indian plum, Indian prune, governor's plum, rukam |
Fijian: filimoto |
French: prunier café, prunier de Chine, prunier malgache |
Palauan: chemechong, emechong |
Pohnpeian: rukam |
Rotuman: firmoto |
Samoan: filimoto |
Spanish: ciruela de Madagascar |
Tongan: filimoto, milouta |
Wallisian: filimoto |
Habit: tree
Description: "A tree 5-15 m high (to 20 m where indigenous), with a trunk to 40 cm in diameter, often thorny on trunk and branches, cultivated in gardens and experimental plots near sea level. The sepals are greenish yellow, the anthers yellow, and the fruits maturing pink to dark red or purplish" (Smith, 1981; pp. 637-639).
Habitat/ecology: Trees occur in lowland rainforest from sea level up to about 1600 m.
Propagation: Trees are mostly self sown. Root suckers are commonly produced.
Native range: "Malesia, but rare in the Moluccas and New Guinea, and not indigenous in southeastern Asia as noted by various authors; the species is widely cultivated and often naturalized in other tropical areas" (Smith, 1981; pp. 637-639).
Presence:
Pacific | |||
Country/Terr./St. & Island group |
Location |
Cited status &
Cited as invasive & Cited as cultivated & Cited as aboriginal introduction? |
Reference &
Comments |
American Samoa
Manua Islands |
Ofu Island | Whistler, W. A. (1980) (p. 160) | |
American Samoa
Manua Islands |
Ofu Island |
Yuncker, T. G. (1945) (pp. 52-53)
"Abundant on all of the islands". Vouchers cited: Yuncker 9520 (BISH), Yuncker 9464 (BISH) |
|
American Samoa
Manua Islands |
Ofu Island |
Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1939) (voucher ID: BISH 144858)
Taxon name on voucher: Flacourtia rukam Zoll. & Moritzi |
|
American Samoa
Manua Islands |
Ofu Island |
Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1939) (voucher ID: BISH 144875)
Taxon name on voucher: Flacourtia rukam Zoll. & Moritzi |
|
American Samoa
Manua Islands |
Olosega Island | Whistler, W. A. (1980) (p. 160) | |
American Samoa
Manua Islands |
Olosega Island |
Yuncker, T. G. (1945) (pp. 52-53)
"Abundant on all of the islands". |
|
American Samoa
Manua Islands |
Olosega Island |
native
|
Ragone, Diane/Lorence, David H. (2003) (p. 50) |
American Samoa
Manua Islands |
Olosega Island |
National Tropical Botanical Garden (U.S.A. Hawaii. Kalaheo.) (1999) (voucher ID: PTBG 266)
Taxon name on voucher: Flacourtia rukam |
|
American Samoa
Manua Islands |
Olosega Island |
National Tropical Botanical Garden (U.S.A. Hawaii. Kalaheo.) (1993) (voucher ID: PTBG 41708)
Taxon name on voucher: Flacourtia rukam Zoll. & Moritzi |
|
American Samoa
Manua Islands |
Olosega Island |
National Tropical Botanical Garden (U.S.A. Hawaii. Kalaheo.) (2001) (voucher ID: PTBG 35374)
Taxon name on voucher: Flacourtia rukam Zoll. & Moritzi |
|
American Samoa
Manua Islands |
Olosega Island |
National Tropical Botanical Garden (U.S.A. Hawaii. Kalaheo.) (2001) (voucher ID: PTBG 34798)
Taxon name on voucher: Flacourtia rukam Zoll. & Moritzi |
|
American Samoa
Manua Islands |
Tau Island | Whistler, W. A. (1980) (p. 160) | |
American Samoa
Manua Islands |
Tau Island |
Yuncker, T. G. (1945) (pp. 52-53)
"Abundant on all of the islands". Vouchers cited: Yuncker 9063, Yuncker 9062, Yuncker 9163, Garber 646, Garber 776 |
|
American Samoa
Manua Islands |
Tau Island |
Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1921) (voucher ID: BISH 144865)
Taxon name on voucher: Flacourtia rukam Zoll. & Moritzi |
|
American Samoa
Manua Islands |
Tau Island |
Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1922) (voucher ID: BISH 144870)
Taxon name on voucher: Flacourtia rukam Zoll. & Moritzi |
|
American Samoa
Manua Islands |
Tau Island |
Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1939) (voucher ID: BISH 144876)
Taxon name on voucher: Flacourtia rukam Zoll. & Moritzi |
|
American Samoa
Manua Islands |
Tau Island |
Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1939) (voucher ID: BISH 144877)
Taxon name on voucher: Flacourtia rukam Zoll. & Moritzi |
|
American Samoa
Manua Islands |
Tau Island |
Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1939) (voucher ID: BISH 144878)
Taxon name on voucher: Flacourtia rukam Zoll. & Moritzi |
|
American Samoa
Manua Islands |
Tau Island |
National Tropical Botanical Garden (U.S.A. Hawaii. Kalaheo.) (2001) (voucher ID: PTBG 34604)
Taxon name on voucher: Flacourtia rukam Zoll. & Moritzi |
|
American Samoa
Tutuila Islands |
Tutuila Island | Whistler, W. A. (1980) (p. 160) | |
American Samoa
Tutuila Islands |
Tutuila Island | Setchell, William Albert (1924) (pp. 67-68) | |
American Samoa
Tutuila Islands |
Tutuila Island |
Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1932) (voucher ID: BISH 32191)
Taxon name on voucher: Flacourtia rukam Zoll. & Moritzi |
|
American Samoa
Tutuila Islands |
Tutuila Island |
Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1959) (voucher ID: BISH 144859)
Taxon name on voucher: Flacourtia rukam Zoll. & Moritzi |
|
American Samoa
Tutuila Islands |
Tutuila Island |
Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1961) (voucher ID: BISH 144862)
Taxon name on voucher: Flacourtia rukam Zoll. & Moritzi |
|
American Samoa
Tutuila Islands |
Tutuila Island |
Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1924) (voucher ID: BISH 144866)
Taxon name on voucher: Flacourtia rukam Zoll. & Moritzi |
|
American Samoa
Tutuila Islands |
Tutuila Island |
Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1939) (voucher ID: BISH 144868)
Taxon name on voucher: Flacourtia rukam Zoll. & Moritzi |
|
American Samoa
Tutuila Islands |
Tutuila Island |
Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1920) (voucher ID: BISH 144873)
Taxon name on voucher: Flacourtia rukam Zoll. & Moritzi |
|
American Samoa
Tutuila Islands |
Tutuila Island |
Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1977) (voucher ID: BISH 422305)
Taxon name on voucher: Flacourtia rukam Zoll. & Moritzi |
|
American Samoa
Tutuila Islands |
Tutuila Island |
Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1975) (voucher ID: BISH 430160)
Taxon name on voucher: Flacourtia rukam Zoll. & Moritzi |
|
American Samoa
Tutuila Islands |
Tutuila Island |
Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1976) (voucher ID: BISH 430534)
Taxon name on voucher: Flacourtia rukam Zoll. & Moritzi |
|
American Samoa
Tutuila Islands |
Tutuila Island |
Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1961) (voucher ID: BISH 698066)
Taxon name on voucher: Flacourtia rukam Zoll. & Moritzi |
|
Cook Islands
Southern Cook Islands |
Rarotonga Island |
cultivated
|
Sykes, Bill (year unknown) |
Federated States of Micronesia
Chuuk Islands |
Chuuk Islands |
Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1936) (voucher ID: BISH 144912)
Taxon name on voucher: Flacourtia rukam var. micronesica Fosberg & Sachet |
|
Federated States of Micronesia
Chuuk Islands |
Chuuk Islands |
Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1936) (voucher ID: BISH 144924)
Taxon name on voucher: Flacourtia rukam var. micronesica Fosberg & Sachet |
|
Federated States of Micronesia
Chuuk Islands |
Chuuk Islands |
Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1936) (voucher ID: BISH 144925)
Taxon name on voucher: Flacourtia rukam var. micronesica Fosberg & Sachet |
|
Federated States of Micronesia
Chuuk Islands |
Chuuk Islands |
Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1936) (voucher ID: BISH 144927)
Taxon name on voucher: Flacourtia rukam var. micronesica Fosberg & Sachet |
|
Federated States of Micronesia
Chuuk Islands |
Dublon (Tonowas) Island |
native
|
Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, M.-H. (1980)
var. micronesica |
Federated States of Micronesia
Chuuk Islands |
Dublon (Tonowas) Island |
native
|
Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, M.-H. (1980) (p. 15) |
Federated States of Micronesia
Chuuk Islands |
Dublon (Tonowas) Island |
Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1935) (voucher ID: BISH 144911)
Taxon name on voucher: Flacourtia rukam var. micronesica Fosberg & Sachet |
|
Federated States of Micronesia
Chuuk Islands |
Dublon (Tonowas) Island |
Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1936) (voucher ID: BISH 144913)
Taxon name on voucher: Flacourtia rukam var. micronesica Fosberg & Sachet |
|
Federated States of Micronesia
Chuuk Islands |
Dublon (Tonowas) Island |
Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1946) (voucher ID: BISH 698063)
Taxon name on voucher: Flacourtia rukam var. micronesica Fosberg & Sachet |
|
Federated States of Micronesia
Chuuk Islands |
Fefan Island |
native
|
Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, M.-H. (1980)
var. micronesica |
Federated States of Micronesia
Chuuk Islands |
Fefan Island |
native
|
Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, M.-H. (1980) (p. 15) |
Federated States of Micronesia
Chuuk Islands |
Fefan Island |
Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1936) (voucher ID: BISH 144922)
Taxon name on voucher: Flacourtia rukam var. micronesica Fosberg & Sachet |
|
Federated States of Micronesia
Chuuk Islands |
Tol Island |
native
|
Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, M.-H. (1980)
var. micronesica |
Federated States of Micronesia
Chuuk Islands |
Tol Island |
native
|
Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, M.-H. (1980) (p. 15) |
Federated States of Micronesia
Chuuk Islands |
Tol Island |
Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1936) (voucher ID: BISH 11901)
Taxon name on voucher: Flacourtia rukam var. micronesica Fosberg & Sachet |
|
Federated States of Micronesia
Chuuk Islands |
Weno (Moen) Island |
native
|
Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, M.-H. (1980)
var. micronesica |
Federated States of Micronesia
Chuuk Islands |
Weno (Moen) Island |
native
|
Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, M.-H. (1980) (p. 15) |
Federated States of Micronesia
Chuuk Islands |
Weno (Moen) Island |
Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1935) (voucher ID: BISH 11900)
Taxon name on voucher: Flacourtia rukam var. micronesica Fosberg & Sachet |
|
Federated States of Micronesia
Chuuk Islands |
Weno (Moen) Island |
Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1965) (voucher ID: BISH 698062)
Taxon name on voucher: Flacourtia rukam var. micronesica Fosberg & Sachet |
|
Federated States of Micronesia
Chuuk Islands |
Weno (Moen) Island |
Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1935) (voucher ID: BISH 698064)
Taxon name on voucher: Flacourtia rukam var. micronesica Fosberg & Sachet |
|
Federated States of Micronesia
Chuuk Islands |
Weno (Moen) Island |
Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1935) (voucher ID: BISH 698065)
Taxon name on voucher: Flacourtia rukam var. micronesica Fosberg & Sachet |
|
Federated States of Micronesia
Pohnpei Islands |
Pohnpei Island |
native
|
Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, M.-H. (1980)
var. micronesica |
Federated States of Micronesia
Pohnpei Islands |
Pohnpei Island |
Glassman, S. F. (1952) (p. 59)
Voucher cited: Kanehira 1542 (NY) |
|
Federated States of Micronesia
Pohnpei Islands |
Pohnpei Island |
native
|
Herrera, Katherine/Lorence, David H./Flynn, Timothy/Balick, Michael J. (2010) (p. 134)
Vouchers cited: D.H. Lorence 7920 (PBG, US), F. Sohl 71 (NY, PTBG), M. Takamatsu 822a (BISH), M. Takamatsu 822 (BISH) |
Federated States of Micronesia
Pohnpei Islands |
Pohnpei Island |
native
|
Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, M.-H. (1980) (p. 15) |
Federated States of Micronesia
Pohnpei Islands |
Pohnpei Island |
Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1936) (voucher ID: BISH 11884)
Taxon name on voucher: Flacourtia rukam var. micronesica Fosberg & Sachet |
|
Federated States of Micronesia
Pohnpei Islands |
Pohnpei Island |
Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1936) (voucher ID: BISH 144910)
Taxon name on voucher: Flacourtia rukam var. micronesica Fosberg & Sachet |
|
Federated States of Micronesia
Pohnpei Islands |
Pohnpei Island |
National Tropical Botanical Garden (U.S.A. Hawaii. Kalaheo.) (1996) (voucher ID: PTBG 21200)
Taxon name on voucher: Flacourtia rukam var. micronesica |
|
Federated States of Micronesia
Pohnpei Islands |
Pohnpei Island |
National Tropical Botanical Garden (U.S.A. Hawaii. Kalaheo.) (2005) (voucher ID: PTBG 43754)
Taxon name on voucher: Flacourtia rukam var. micronesica |
|
Fiji
Fiji Islands |
Rotuma Island |
introduced
invasive |
Smith, Albert C. (1981) (p. 639) |
Fiji
Fiji Islands |
Rotuma Island |
Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (year unknown) (voucher ID: BISH 610607)
Taxon name on voucher: Flacourtia rukam Zoll. & Moritzi |
|
Fiji
Fiji Islands |
Rotuma Island |
Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1938) (voucher ID: BISH 618552)
Taxon name on voucher: Flacourtia rukam Zoll. & Moritzi |
|
Fiji
Fiji Islands |
Rotuma Island |
Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1991) (voucher ID: BISH 638040)
Taxon name on voucher: Flacourtia rukam Zoll. & Moritzi |
|
Fiji
Fiji Islands |
Viti Levu Island |
introduced
cultivated |
Smith, Albert C. (1981) (pp. 637, 639)
Vouchers cited: DA 5524, DA 12175, DA 1566, DA 2633, DA 12996, DA 1502, MacDaniels 1126 |
Fiji
Fiji Islands |
Viti Levu Island |
Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1938) (voucher ID: BISH 14606)
Taxon name on voucher: Flacourtia rukam Zoll. & Moritzi |
|
Fiji
Fiji Islands |
Viti Levu Island |
Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1938) (voucher ID: BISH 14609)
Taxon name on voucher: Flacourtia rukam Zoll. & Moritzi |
|
Fiji
Fiji Islands |
Viti Levu Island |
Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1927) (voucher ID: BISH 144904)
Taxon name on voucher: Flacourtia rukam Zoll. & Moritzi |
|
French Polynesia
Society Islands |
Tahiti Island |
introduced
cultivated |
Florence, J./Chevillotte, H./Ollier, C./Meyer, J.-Y. (2013)
Cultivée |
Guam
Guam Island |
Guam Island |
introduced
|
Raulerson, L. (2006) (p. 48) |
Palau
Palau (Belau ) (main island group) |
Angaur (Ngeaur) Island |
native
|
Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1979) (p. 174) |
Palau
Palau (Belau ) (main island group) |
Angaur (Ngeaur) Island |
native
|
Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, M.-H. (1980)
var. micronesica |
Palau
Palau (Belau ) (main island group) |
Angaur (Ngeaur) Island |
Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1950) (voucher ID: BISH 128612)
Taxon name on voucher: Flacourtia rukam var. micronesica Fosberg & Sachet |
|
Palau
Palau (Belau ) (main island group) |
Angaur (Ngeaur) Island |
Beleu National Museum (Republic of Palau. Koror.) (1979) (voucher ID: BNM 757)
Taxon name on voucher: Flacourtia rukam Z. & M. |
|
Palau
Palau (Belau ) (main island group) |
Angaur (Ngeaur) Island |
Beleu National Museum (Republic of Palau. Koror.) (1979) (voucher ID: BNM 1223)
Taxon name on voucher: Flacourtia rukam Z. & M. |
|
Palau
Palau (Belau ) (main island group) |
Babeldaob Island |
native
|
Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, M.-H. (1980) (p. 14) |
Palau
Palau (Belau ) (main island group) |
Babeldaob Island |
Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1933) (voucher ID: BISH 144923)
Taxon name on voucher: Flacourtia rukam var. micronesica Fosberg & Sachet |
|
Palau
Palau (Belau ) (main island group) |
Babeldaob Island |
Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1996) (voucher ID: BISH 650478)
Taxon name on voucher: Flacourtia rukam var. micronesica Fosberg & Sachet |
|
Palau
Palau (Belau ) (main island group) |
Babeldaob Island |
Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1996) (voucher ID: BISH 651084)
Taxon name on voucher: Flacourtia rukam var. micronesica Fosberg & Sachet |
|
Palau
Palau (Belau ) (main island group) |
Babeldaob Island |
Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1996) (voucher ID: BISH 651177)
Taxon name on voucher: Flacourtia rukam var. micronesica Fosberg & Sachet |
|
Palau
Palau (Belau ) (main island group) |
Babeldaob Island |
Beleu National Museum (Republic of Palau. Koror.) (2006) (voucher ID: BNM 903067)
Taxon name on voucher: Flacourtia rukam |
|
Palau
Palau (Belau ) (main island group) |
Koror (Oreor) Island |
native
|
Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1979) (p. 174)
var. micronesica |
Palau
Palau (Belau ) (main island group) |
Koror (Oreor) Island |
native
|
Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, M.-H. (1980) (p. 14) |
Palau
Palau (Belau ) (main island group) |
Koror (Oreor) Island |
Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1929) (voucher ID: BISH 144920)
Taxon name on voucher: Flacourtia rukam var. micronesica Fosberg & Sachet |
|
Palau
Palau (Belau ) (main island group) |
Koror (Oreor) Island |
Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1978) (voucher ID: BISH 428388)
Taxon name on voucher: Flacourtia rukam var. micronesica Fosberg & Sachet |
|
Palau
Palau (Belau ) (main island group) |
Koror (Oreor) Island |
Beleu National Museum (Republic of Palau. Koror.) (1970) (voucher ID: BNM 361)
Taxon name on voucher: Flacourtia rukam Z. & M. |
|
Palau
Palau (Belau ) (main island group) |
Koror (Oreor) Island |
National Tropical Botanical Garden (U.S.A. Hawaii. Kalaheo.) (2007) (voucher ID: PTBG 48159)
Taxon name on voucher: Flacourtia rukam var. micronesica |
|
Palau
Palau (Belau ) (main island group) |
Ngerkebesang Island |
native
|
Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1979) (p. 174)
var. micronesica |
Palau
Palau (Belau ) (main island group) |
Ngerkebesang Island |
native
|
Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, M.-H. (1980) (p. 14) |
Palau
Palau (Belau ) (main island group) |
Ngerkebesang Island |
Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1946) (voucher ID: BISH 428614)
Taxon name on voucher: Flacourtia rukam var. micronesica Fosberg & Sachet |
|
Palau
Palau (Belau ) (main island group) |
Peleliu (Beliliou) Island |
native
|
Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1979) (p. 174)
var. micronesica |
Palau
Palau (Belau ) (main island group) |
Peleliu (Beliliou) Island |
native
|
Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, M.-H. (1980) (p. 14) |
Palau
Rock Islands (Chelbacheb) |
Aulupseel (Ulebsechel) Island |
native
|
Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1979) (p. 174)
var. micronesica |
Palau
Rock Islands (Chelbacheb) |
Aulupseel (Ulebsechel) Island |
native
|
Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, M.-H. (1980) (p. 14) |
Palau
Rock Islands (Chelbacheb) |
Aulupseel (Ulebsechel) Island |
Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1965) (voucher ID: BISH 425841)
Taxon name on voucher: Flacourtia rukam var. micronesica Fosberg & Sachet |
|
Palau
Rock Islands (Chelbacheb) |
Chelbacheb Island |
Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1991) (voucher ID: BISH 610728)
Taxon name on voucher: Flacourtia rukam Zoll. & Moritzi |
|
Palau
Rock Islands (Chelbacheb) |
Mecherchar (Eil Malk) Island |
Wagner, W. L./ Herbst, D. R./Weitzman, A./Lorence, D.H. (2013)
var. micronesica |
|
Palau
Rock Islands (Chelbacheb) |
Ngeremdiu Island |
Beleu National Museum (Republic of Palau. Koror.) (2007) (voucher ID: BNM 4527)
Taxon name on voucher: Flacourtia rukam Zoll. & Mor. var. Micronesica Fosb. & Sach. |
|
Palau
Rock Islands (Chelbacheb) |
Ngerukuid (Ngerukeuid, Seventy) Islands |
Wagner, W. L./ Herbst, D. R./Weitzman, A./Lorence, D.H. (2013)
var. micronesica |
|
Palau
Rock Islands (Chelbacheb) |
Urukthapel (Ngeruktabel) Island |
native
|
Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1979) (p. 174)
var. micronesica |
Palau
Rock Islands (Chelbacheb) |
Urukthapel (Ngeruktabel) Island |
native
|
Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, M.-H. (1980) (p. 14) |
Palau
Rock Islands (Chelbacheb) |
Urukthapel (Ngeruktabel) Island |
Beleu National Museum (Republic of Palau. Koror.) (1991) (voucher ID: BNM 9532)
Taxon name on voucher: Flacourtia rukam Zoll. & Mor. var. Micronesica Fosb. & Sach. |
|
Papua New Guinea
Bismarck Archipelago |
Bismarck Archipelago | Peekel, P. G. [translated by E. E. Henty] (1984) (p. 383) | |
Papua New Guinea
Papua New Guinea (eastern New Guinea Island) |
Papua New Guinea (eastern New Guinea Island) |
native
cultivated |
U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2013)
Rare. |
Philippines
Philippine Islands |
Philippine Islands |
Merrill, Elmer D. (1923) (p. 113)
In forests at low and medium altitudes. |
|
Samoa
Western Samoa Islands |
Savaii Island |
introduced
invasive |
Space, James C./Flynn, Tim (2002) (p. 70) |
Samoa
Western Samoa Islands |
Savaii Island |
Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1905) (voucher ID: BISH 144874)
Taxon name on voucher: Flacourtia rukam Zoll. & Moritzi |
|
Samoa
Western Samoa Islands |
Upolu Island |
introduced
invasive |
Space, James C./Flynn, Tim (2002) (p. 66) |
Samoa
Western Samoa Islands |
Upolu Island |
Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1968) (voucher ID: BISH 28907)
Taxon name on voucher: Flacourtia rukam Zoll. & Moritzi |
|
Samoa
Western Samoa Islands |
Upolu Island |
Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1968) (voucher ID: BISH 28996)
Taxon name on voucher: Flacourtia rukam Zoll. & Moritzi |
|
Samoa
Western Samoa Islands |
Upolu Island |
Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1972) (voucher ID: BISH 77939)
Taxon name on voucher: Flacourtia rukam Zoll. & Moritzi |
|
Samoa
Western Samoa Islands |
Upolu Island |
Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1972) (voucher ID: BISH 83888)
Taxon name on voucher: Flacourtia rukam Zoll. & Moritzi |
|
Samoa
Western Samoa Islands |
Upolu Island |
Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1929) (voucher ID: BISH 144860)
Taxon name on voucher: Flacourtia rukam Zoll. & Moritzi |
|
Samoa
Western Samoa Islands |
Upolu Island |
Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1927) (voucher ID: BISH 144861)
Taxon name on voucher: Flacourtia rukam Zoll. & Moritzi |
|
Samoa
Western Samoa Islands |
Upolu Island |
Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1923) (voucher ID: BISH 144863)
Taxon name on voucher: Flacourtia rukam Zoll. & Moritzi |
|
Samoa
Western Samoa Islands |
Upolu Island |
Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1929) (voucher ID: BISH 144864)
Taxon name on voucher: Flacourtia rukam Zoll. & Moritzi |
|
Samoa
Western Samoa Islands |
Upolu Island |
Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1921) (voucher ID: BISH 144867)
Taxon name on voucher: Flacourtia rukam Zoll. & Moritzi |
|
Samoa
Western Samoa Islands |
Upolu Island |
Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1929) (voucher ID: BISH 144869)
Taxon name on voucher: Flacourtia rukam Zoll. & Moritzi |
|
Samoa
Western Samoa Islands |
Upolu Island |
Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1921) (voucher ID: BISH 144871)
Taxon name on voucher: Flacourtia rukam Zoll. & Moritzi |
|
Samoa
Western Samoa Islands |
Upolu Island |
Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1929) (voucher ID: BISH 144872)
Taxon name on voucher: Flacourtia rukam Zoll. & Moritzi |
|
Samoa
Western Samoa Islands |
Upolu Island |
Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (year unknown) (voucher ID: BISH 145139)
Taxon name on voucher: Flacourtia rukam Zoll. & Moritzi |
|
Samoa
Western Samoa Islands |
Upolu Island |
Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1973) (voucher ID: BISH 417490)
Taxon name on voucher: Flacourtia rukam Zoll. & Moritzi |
|
Samoa
Western Samoa Islands |
Upolu Island |
Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1973) (voucher ID: BISH 417679)
Taxon name on voucher: Flacourtia rukam Zoll. & Moritzi |
|
Samoa
Western Samoa Islands |
Upolu Island |
Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1973) (voucher ID: BISH 417723)
Taxon name on voucher: Flacourtia rukam Zoll. & Moritzi |
|
Samoa
Western Samoa Islands |
Upolu Island |
National Tropical Botanical Garden (U.S.A. Hawaii. Kalaheo.) (1989) (voucher ID: PTBG 6219)
Taxon name on voucher: Flacourtia rukam Zoll. & Moritzi |
|
Samoa
Western Samoa Islands |
Western Samoa Islands |
introduced
invasive |
Smith, Albert C. (1981) (p. 639) |
Solomon Islands
Solomon Islands |
Santa Isabel (Bughotu) Island |
Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1932) (voucher ID: BISH 144908)
Taxon name on voucher: Flacourtia rukam Zoll. & Moritzi |
|
Solomon Islands
Solomon Islands |
Solomon Islands |
native
|
Hancock, I. R./Henderson, C. P. (1988) (p. 76) |
Tonga
Tonga Islands |
Tonga Islands |
introduced
invasive |
Smith, Albert C. (1981) (p. 639) |
Tonga
Vavau Group |
Niuafoou Island |
Whistler, W. A. (1992) (p. 34)
Vouchers cited: Hurlimann 665, Buelow 1994, Whistler 6327 |
|
Tonga
Vavau Group |
Niuatoputapu Island |
Whistler, W. A. (1992) (p. 34)
Vouchers cited: Hurlimann 336, Kirch 343, Buelow 1060, Buelow 1099 |
|
Tonga
Vavau Group |
Niuatoputapu Island |
Yuncker, T. G. (1959) (p. 191)
Voucher cited: Hürlimann 336 |
|
Tonga
Vavau Group |
Niuatoputapu Island |
Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1976) (voucher ID: BISH 429072)
Taxon name on voucher: Flacourtia rukam Zoll. & Moritzi |
|
Tonga
Vavau Group |
Tafahi Island |
Whistler, W. A. (1992) (p. 34)
Vouchers cited: Hurlimann 443, Buelow 1289, Whistler 6253 |
|
Vanuatu
New Hebrides Islands |
Erromango Island |
Bishop Museum (Honolulu) (1971) (voucher ID: BISH 406195)
Taxon name on voucher: Flacourtia rukam Zoll. & Moritzi |
|
Wallis and Futuna
Wallis and Futuna (Horne) Islands |
Futuna Island |
introduced
invasive |
Smith, Albert C. (1981) (p. 639) |
Wallis and Futuna
Wallis and Futuna (Horne) Islands |
Wallis and Futuna Islands | Swarbrick, John T. (1997) (p. 92) |
Pacific Rim | |||
Country/Terr./St. & Island group |
Location |
Cited status &
Cited as invasive & Cited as cultivated & Cited as aboriginal introduction? |
Reference &
Comments |
Cambodia
Cambodia |
Cambodia (Kingdom of) |
introduced
invasive |
U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2013)
Naturalized |
China
China |
China (People's Republic of) |
native
|
Zhengyi, Wu/Raven, Peter H./Deyuan, Hong (2013)
Evergreen broad-leaved forests; below 2000 m. Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Yunnan. |
China
China |
Hong Kong |
native
|
Wu, Te-lin (2001) (p. 102) |
Indonesia
Indonesia |
Indonesia (Republic of) |
native
cultivated |
U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2013) |
Malaysia
Malaysia |
Malaysia (country of) |
native
cultivated |
U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2013) |
Singapore
Singapore |
Singapore (Republic of) |
native
|
Chong, Kwek Yan/Tan, Hugh T. W./Corlett, Richard T. (2009) (p. 43)
Vulnerable |
Taiwan
Taiwan Island |
Taiwan Island |
native
|
Zhengyi, Wu/Raven, Peter H./Deyuan, Hong (2013)
Evergreen broad-leaved forests; below 2000 m. |
Thailand
Thailand |
Thailand (Kingdom of) |
native
invasive |
U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2013)
Also naturalized. |
Vietnam
Vietnam |
Vietnam (Socialist Republic of) |
native
|
U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2013) |
Comments: Characterized as moderately invasive in Rarotonga, Cook Islands (Meyer, 2000; p. 89). Widely naturalized in Rotuma, Fiji, and in Tonga, Futuna and Samoa (Smith, 1981; pp. 637-639). Scattered specimens but not a problem as an invader in American Samoa (Olin Colin Steele, personal communication).
F. rukam var. micronesica Fosb. & Sachet is native to Micronesia and is found in the Federated States of Micronesia (Chuuk (Moen, Dublon, Tol, Fefan), Pohnpei) and the Republic of Palau (Koror, Ngarakabesang, Aulupse'el, Urukthapel, Peleliu, Angaur) (Fosberg et al., 1979; p. 174). Listed as present but not invasive in these locations by Swarbrick (1997). Swarbrick also lists it as being present on Guam.
F. jangomas (Lour.) Rauschel is reported by Cronk and Fuller (1995; p. 241) to be a problem species in the Cook Islands while F. indica (Burm.f.) Merr. [=F. ramontchi L'Herit] is reported to be invasive in Florida (US).
Flacourtia indica is cultivated in Hawaii (Staples et al., 2000; p. 65).