Pacific Island Ecosystems at Risk (PIER)

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Echinochloa oryzoides
Fritsch, Poaceae
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Present on Pacific Islands?  yes

Primarily a threat at high elevations?  no

Other Latin names:  Panicum oryzoides Ard.

Common name(s): [more details]

Chinese: shui tian bai

English: Asian paddy weed, early barnyard grass, early water grass, hairy millet

Habit:  grass

Description:  "Annual, culms 25-150 cm high, erect.  Leaf-blades 7-35 cm long, 5-12 mm wide; ligule absent; sheaths smooth and glabrous.  Inflorescence linear to narrowly ovate, 6-25 cm long, the racemes irregularly 2-rowed, the longest 2.5 cm long, usually simple.  Spikelets ovate-elliptic, 3.8-6.5 mm long, hispid; lower lemma acuminate or with an awn up to 2.5 cm long; upper lemma 3.5-5 mm long, including the short herbaceous tip" (Cope, 1982; p. 196).

Description from GrassBase.

Habitat/ecology:  "A weed in fields of rice, rarely in other crops, sometimes near roads and irrigation channels; up to lower mountain belt" (Tsvelev, 1976; pp. 1001-1002).

Propagation:  Seed

Native range:  Widely naturalized, including in the United States, origin uncertain (GRIN).

Presence:

Pacific
Country/Terr./St. &
Island group
Location Cited status &
Cited as invasive &
Cited as cultivated &
Cited as aboriginal introduction?
Reference &
Comments
State of Hawaii
Hawaiian Islands
O‘ahu Island introduced
Wagner, Warren L./Herbst, Derral R./Sohmer, S. H. (1999) (p. 1907)
Philippines
Philippine Islands
Philippine Islands   Waterhouse, D. F. (1993) (p. 65)
Pacific Rim
Country/Terr./St. &
Island group
Location Cited status &
Cited as invasive &
Cited as cultivated &
Cited as aboriginal introduction?
Reference &
Comments
Australia
Australia (continental)
New South Wales introduced
invasive
National Herbarium of New South Wales (2013)
Naturalised
China
China
China (People's Republic of) invasive
Zhengyi, Wu/Raven, Peter H./Deyuan, Hong (2013)
A weed of rice fields. Anhui, Guangdong, Guizhou, Hainan, Hebei, Henan, Hunan, Jiangsu, Sichuan, Xinjiang, Xizang, Yunnan.
Indonesia
Indonesia
Indonesia (Republic of)   Zhengyi, Wu/Raven, Peter H./Deyuan, Hong (2013)
Japan
Japan
Japan   Holm, Leroy/Pancho, Juan V./Herberger, James P./Plucknett, Donald L. (1979) (p. 134)
North Korea
North Korea
North Korea (Democratic People's Republic of)   Zhengyi, Wu/Raven, Peter H./Deyuan, Hong (2013)
South Korea
South Korea
South Korea (Republic of)   Zhengyi, Wu/Raven, Peter H./Deyuan, Hong (2013)
Malaysia
Malaysia
Malaysia (country of)   Waterhouse, D. F. (1993) (p. 65)
South America (Pacific rim)
South America (Pacific rim)
Perú (Republic of) introduced
invasive
U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2013)
Naturalized
Taiwan
Taiwan Island
Taiwan Island invasive
Zhengyi, Wu/Raven, Peter H./Deyuan, Hong (2013)
A weed of rice fields.
Thailand
Thailand
Thailand (Kingdom of)   Waterhouse, D. F. (1993) (p. 65)
United States (west coast)
United States (west coast states)
USA (California) introduced
U.S. Dept. Agr., Nat. Res. Cons. Serv. (2013)
Also reported from
Country/Terr./St. &
Island group
Location Cited status &
Cited as invasive &
Cited as cultivated &
Cited as aboriginal introduction?
Reference &
Comments
United States (continental except west coast)
United States (other states)
United States (other states) introduced
invasive
U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2013)
Naturalized

Control:  If you know of control methods for Echinochloa oryzoides, please let us know.


Need more info? Have questions? Comments? Information to contribute? Contact PIER! (pier@hear.org)

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This page was created on 30 MAY 2005 and was last updated on 31 AUG 2010.