Munro ex Hook. f., Poaceae |
Present on Pacific Islands? no
Primarily a threat at high elevations? no
Common name(s): [more details]
Chinese: ying fu bai |
Habit: grass
Description: "Culms erect or slightly decumbent at base, 50-120 cm tall. Leaf sheaths smooth and glabrous; leaf blades stiffly erect, linear, flat, 10-30 x 0.6-1.2 cm, glabrous, margins thickened, apex acuminate. Inflorescence narrow, 8-15 x 1-2 (-3) cm; racemes 1-4 cm, simple. Spikelets light green, 3.5-5 mm, awnless or awned; glumes 5-veined; lower glume 1/3-1/2 as long as spikelet, acute; upper glume equal to spikelet, inconspicuously scabrous to shortly hispid along veins, cuspidate to awn-tipped; both lemmas coriaceous, hard and shining, especially down the center, the lower cuspidate to awned" (Flora of China online).
"Erect annual grass 50-100 cm high; adopts a closely tufted habit in wetlands, but spreading habit in dry situations. Leaf sheaths tightly stem-clasping; leaf blades strap-like, 10-20 cm - 5-8 mm wide with a long thin apex. Inflorescence a closely branched panicle 10-20 cm long; pseudo-spikes 2.5-8 cm long, up to 7 mm diameter. Spikelets numerous, 3-3.5 mm long, with or without awns, which if present are 1-3 mm long. Caryopsis held tightly within each spikelet, shed as a unit" (Waterhouse & Mitchell, 1999; p. 1535).
Habitat/ecology: "damp places, streams" (Flora of China online). "Inundated areas, especially rice paddies; fallow ground, cropping land" (Waterhouse & Mitchell, 1999; p. 1535).
Propagation: "Seeds and vegetative fragments probably dispersed by water" (Waterhouse & Mitchell, 1999; p. 1535).
Native range: Eastern Asia (Waterhouse & Mitchell, 1999; p. 1535). Afghanistan, Bhutan, India, Sri Lanka (GRIN).
Presence:
Pacific | |||
Country/Terr./St. & Island group |
Location |
Cited status &
Cited as invasive & Cited as cultivated & Cited as aboriginal introduction? |
Reference &
Comments |
Federated States of Micronesia
Yap Islands |
Ulithi Atoll |
introduced
|
Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1987) (p. 41) |
State of Hawaii
Hawaiian Islands |
Hawaii (Big) Island |
introduced
|
Wester, Lyndon (1992) (p. 121) |
State of Hawaii
Hawaiian Islands |
Lānai Island |
introduced
|
Wester, Lyndon (1992) (p. 121) |
State of Hawaii
Hawaiian Islands |
Maui Island |
introduced
|
Wester, Lyndon (1992) (p. 121) |
State of Hawaii
Hawaiian Islands |
Oahu Island |
introduced
|
Wester, Lyndon (1992) (p. 121) |
Philippines
Philippine Islands |
Philippine Islands | Waterhouse, B. M./Mitchell, A. A. (1998) (p. 70) |
Pacific Rim | |||
Country/Terr./St. & Island group |
Location |
Cited status &
Cited as invasive & Cited as cultivated & Cited as aboriginal introduction? |
Reference &
Comments |
Cambodia
Cambodia |
Cambodia (Kingdom of) | Waterhouse, B. M./Mitchell, A. A. (1998) (p. 70) | |
China
China |
China (People's Republic of) |
native
|
Zhengyi, Wu/Raven, Peter H./Deyuan, Hong (2013)
Damp places, streams. Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Jiangsu, Sichuan, Yunnan, Zhejiang. |
China
China |
Hong Kong |
native
|
Wu, Te-lin (2001) (p. 334)
On margins of ponds and in other wet places. |
Indonesia
Indonesia |
Indonesia (Republic of) | Waterhouse, B. M./Mitchell, A. A. (1998) (p. 70) | |
Malaysia
Malaysia |
Malaysia (country of) | Waterhouse, B. M./Mitchell, A. A. (1998) (p. 70) | |
Negara Brunei Darussalam
Brunei |
Brunei (Negara Brunei Darussalam) | Waterhouse, B. M./Mitchell, A. A. (1998) (p. 70) | |
Taiwan
Taiwan Island |
Taiwan Island |
native
|
Zhengyi, Wu/Raven, Peter H./Deyuan, Hong (2013)
Damp places, streams. |
Thailand
Thailand |
Thailand (Kingdom of) | Waterhouse, B. M./Mitchell, A. A. (1998) (p. 70) | |
Vietnam
Vietnam |
Vietnam (Socialist Republic of) | Waterhouse, B. M./Mitchell, A. A. (1998) (p. 70) |
Control: If you know of control methods for Echinochloa glabrescens, please let us know.