Willd., Poaceae
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Willd., Poaceae |
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Present on Pacific Islands? yes
Primarily a threat at high elevations? no
Common name(s): [more details]
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English: Jamaican crabgrass |
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French: gros meinki |
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Spanish: pata de gallina |
Habit: grass
Description: "Erect grass with awnless spikelets in digitately arranged panicle branches bearing scattered hairs" (Whistler, 1988; p. 50).
"Annual with decumbent, spreading, branching, stoloniferous culm bases and erect floriferous shoots mostly 30-50 cm tall. Sheaths hispid or pilose with long, spreading hairs. Ligules 1.0-1.5 mm long. Blades thin, flat, mostly 5-15 mm broad, finely pilose on one or both surfaces. Panicles with 5-15 slender, unbranched primary branches, at least the lower ones in verticils of 3-6. Branch rachis usually with a few scattered, papilla-based hairs as much as 5-6 mm long. Spikelets 2.0-2.5 mm long. First glume usually absent, the second glume about half as long as spikelet, pilose on margins and tip. Lemma of lower floret with 5 equidistant nerves, with a few soft hairs on the margins" (Howard, 1979; pp. 106-107).
Description from GrassBase.
Habitat/ecology: "A common weed of fields and waste places in the tropics of the world" (Wiggins & Porter, 1971; pp. 844-846). "A weed of disturbed, often sandy sites" (Howard, 1979; pp. 106-107).
In American Samoa and Samoa, "common to abundant in crops and sunny disturbed places" (Whistler, 1988; p. 50).
Propagation: Seed
Native range: Mexico, Central and South America; naturalized in Africa and the United States (GRIN).
Presence:
| Pacific | |||
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Country/Terr./St. & Island group |
Location |
Cited status &
Cited as invasive & Cited as cultivated & Cited as aboriginal introduction? |
Reference &
Comments |
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American Samoa
Manu‘a Islands |
Ofu Island |
Whistler, W. A. (1988) (p. 50)
Voucher cited: Whistler 3448 |
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American Samoa
Tutuila Islands |
Tutuila Island |
National Tropical Botanical Garden (U.S.A. Hawaii. Kalaheo.) (1992) (voucher ID: PTBG 16356)
Taxon name on voucher: Digitaria horizontalis |
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Chile (offshore islands)
Rapa Nui (Easter) Island |
Rapa Nui (Easter) Island (Isla de Pasqua) |
introduced
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Skottsberg, Carl (1953) (p. 80) |
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Ecuador (Galápagos Islands)
Española Group |
Española Island |
introduced
invasive |
Charles Darwin Foundation (2008) |
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Ecuador (Galápagos Islands)
Floreana Group |
Floreana Island |
introduced
invasive |
Charles Darwin Foundation (2008) |
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Ecuador (Galápagos Islands)
Genovesa Group |
Genovesa Island |
introduced
invasive |
Charles Darwin Foundation (2008) |
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Ecuador (Galápagos Islands)
Isabela Group |
Isabela Island |
introduced
invasive |
Charles Darwin Foundation (2008) |
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Ecuador (Galápagos Islands)
Isabela Group |
Volcán Sierra Negra, Isabela Island |
introduced
invasive |
Charles Darwin Foundation (2008) |
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Ecuador (Galápagos Islands)
Pinta Group |
Pinta Island |
introduced
invasive |
Charles Darwin Foundation (2008) |
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Ecuador (Galápagos Islands)
San Cristóbal Group |
San Cristóbal Island |
introduced
invasive |
Charles Darwin Foundation (2008) |
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Ecuador (Galápagos Islands)
Santa Cruz Group |
Santa Cruz Island |
introduced
invasive |
Charles Darwin Foundation (2008) |
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Ecuador (Galápagos Islands)
Santiago Group |
Rábida Island |
introduced
invasive |
Charles Darwin Foundation (2008) |
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Ecuador (Galápagos Islands)
Santiago Group |
Santiago Island |
introduced
invasive |
Charles Darwin Foundation (2008) |
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French Polynesia
Marquesas Islands |
Ua Pou (Huapu, Uapou, Uapu) Island |
introduced
abo. intro. |
Lorence, David H./Wagner, Warren L. (2013)
Voucher cited: D. H. Lorence, L. M. Dunn, J.-Y. Meyer 9334 (P, PAP, PTBG, US) |
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French Polynesia
Society Islands |
Tahiti Island |
National Tropical Botanical Garden (U.S.A. Hawaii. Kalaheo.) (1981) (voucher ID: PTBG 38248)
Taxon name on voucher: Digitaria horizontalis Willd. |
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State of Hawaii
Hawaiian Islands |
Lāna‘i Island |
introduced
invasive |
Wagner, Warren L./Herbst, Derral R./Sohmer, S. H. (1999) (pp. 1530, 1907) |
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State of Hawaii
Hawaiian Islands |
O‘ahu Island |
introduced
invasive |
Wagner, Warren L./Herbst, Derral R./Sohmer, S. H. (1999) (p. 1530) |
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State of Hawaii
Hawaiian Islands |
O‘ahu Island |
introduced
invasive |
Herbst, Derral R./Wagner, Warren L. (1999) (p. 26)
Voucher cited: Herbst 696 (BISH) Forming extensive mats in abandoned pineapple fields. |
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Samoa
Western Samoa Islands |
Savai‘i Island |
Whistler, W. A. (1988) (p. 50)
Voucher cited: Whistler 28 |
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Samoa
Western Samoa Islands |
Upolu Island |
Whistler, W. A. (1988) (p. 50)
Voucher cited: Whistler 2151 |
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Tonga
Tongatapu Group |
Tongatapu Island |
Yuncker, T. G. (1959) (p. 56)
Voucher cited: Hürlimann 16 |
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| Pacific Rim | |||
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Country/Terr./St. & Island group |
Location |
Cited status &
Cited as invasive & Cited as cultivated & Cited as aboriginal introduction? |
Reference &
Comments |
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Central America
Central America (Pacific rim) |
Costa Rica (Republic of) |
native
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U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2013) |
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Central America
Central America (Pacific rim) |
El Salvador (Republic of) |
native
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U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2013) |
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Central America
Central America (Pacific rim) |
Guatemala (Republic of) |
native
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U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2013) |
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Central America
Central America (Pacific rim) |
Honduras (Republic of) |
native
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U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2013) |
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Central America
Central America (Pacific rim) |
Nicaragua (Republic of) |
native
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U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2013) |
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Central America
Central America (Pacific rim) |
Panama (Republic of) |
native
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U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2013) |
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Mexico
Mexico |
Mexico (United Mexican States) |
native
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U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2013) |
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South America (Pacific rim)
South America (Pacific rim) |
Chile (Republic of) |
native
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U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2013) |
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South America (Pacific rim)
South America (Pacific rim) |
Colombia |
native
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U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2013) |
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South America (Pacific rim)
South America (Pacific rim) |
Perú (Republic of) |
native
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U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2013) |
| Indian Ocean | |||
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Country/Terr./St. & Island group |
Location |
Cited status &
Cited as invasive & Cited as cultivated & Cited as aboriginal introduction? |
Reference &
Comments |
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British Indian Ocean Territory
Chagos Archipelago |
Diego Garcia Island |
Stoddart, D. R./Taylor, J. D., eds. (1971) (p. 145)
Vouchers cited: Stoddart 797 (K), Soddart 846 (K, US) |
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British Indian Ocean Territory
Chagos Archipelago |
Diego Garcia Island |
introduced
invasive |
Whistler, W. Arthur (1996) (p. 24) |
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Maldives
Maldive Islands |
Addu Atoll | Spicer, R. A./Newberry, D. MacC. (1979) (p. 14) | |
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Mauritius
Mautitius Islands (Mauritius and Rodrigues) |
Mauritius Island | Holm, Leroy/Pancho, Juan V./Herberger, James P./Plucknett, Donald L. (1979) (p. 127) | |
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Seychelles
Seychelles Islands |
Cousin Island |
native
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Fosberg, F. R. (1983) (p. 20)
Voucher cited: Fosberg 52066 (US) |
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Seychelles
Seychelles Islands |
D'Arros Island |
Stoddart, D. R./Coe, M. J./Fosberg, F. R. (1979) (p. 19)
Vouchers cited: Gwynne & Wood 946 (EA), Gwynne & Wood 1025 (EA) |
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Seychelles
Seychelles Islands |
Frégate Island |
Robertson, S. A./Todd, D. M. (1983) (p. 57)
Voucher cited: Robertson 2685 |
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Seychelles
Seychelles Islands |
Poivre Island |
Robertson, S. A./Fosberg, F. R. (1983) (p. 172)
Voucher cited: Robertson 2371 (K) |
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| Also reported from | |||
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Country/Terr./St. & Island group |
Location |
Cited status &
Cited as invasive & Cited as cultivated & Cited as aboriginal introduction? |
Reference &
Comments |
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United States (continental except west coast)
United States (other states) |
United States (other states) |
introduced
invasive |
U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2013)
Alabama, Mississippi Naturalized |
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United States (continental except west coast)
United States (other states) |
USA (Florida) |
introduced
invasive |
U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2013)
Naturalized |
Control: If you know of control methods for Digitaria horizontalis, please let us know.