(Bojer ex Hook.) Raf., Fabaceae |
|
Present on Pacific Islands? yes
Primarily a threat at high elevations? no
Risk assessment results: Low risk, score: -1 (Go to the risk assessment)
Other Latin names: Poinciana regia Bojer
Common name(s): [more details]
Carolinian: fáyárbaw, nfayarbaw |
Chamorro: arbol del fuego, atbot, atbut |
Chinese: feng huang mu |
Chuukese: meei flower |
English: falsa acacia, flambouyant, flamboyant, flame of the forest, flame tree, peacock flower, poinciana, red tree, royal poinciana |
Fijian: sekoula |
French: flamboyant, pacayer |
Hawaiian: ohai ula |
I-Kiribati: te tau, te tua |
Japanese: howoboku |
Maori (Cook Islands): marumaru, pātai, pū pī, puka kai, rākau tāmarumaru |
Nauruan: bin |
Niuean: pinē |
Palauan: nangiosákura, nangyo |
Pohnpeian: pilampwoia weitahta |
Samoan: elefane |
Spanish: árbol del fuego, atbot det fuegu, flamboyán |
Tahitian: pakai, puke, raar marumaru |
Tongan: ohai |
Tongarevan: pātai |
Tuamotuan: faefae |
Tuvaluan: fuaitansanga, fuatausaga |
Ulithian: warapig |
Wallisian: ohai |
Yapese: sakuranirow |
Habit: tree
Description: "A medium sized, deciduous, broad-crowned ornamental tree of rapid growth; leaves mostly 30-60 cm long, with 10-20 pairs of pinnae, these about 10 cm long, each with 25-35 pairs of small medium green glabrous slightly oblique oblong-elliptic leaflets each about 1 cm long (thus the whole leaf with anything from 800 to 2400 leaflets); stipules pinnate, with 3-6 leaflets; flowers in corymbose racemes near branch-tips; flowers brilliant red, the uppermost petal streaked with yellow or yellow-and-white; petals stalked, their distal part abruptly expanded, orbicular, with wavy-crinkled edges, each about 4-6 cm long; stamens declined together, curving out and down; pod woody, up to 50 cm long, flattened, parallel-edged, straight, pendent, dark reddish-brown turning black, filled within between the seeds, many-seeded, dehiscent, shortly beaked at tip; seeds oblong, gray with pale margins" (Stone, 1970; p. 313).
Description from Flora of China online.
Habitat/ecology: "Widely planted as an ornamental. It can form dense canopies that can exclude native species" (Smith, 2002; p. 18).
Arid lowlands and moist uplands in the Galápagos Islands (McMullen, 1999; p. 73). In Hawaii, "widely cultivated and sparingly naturalized in low elevation, dry to mesic, disturbed sites, at least on Molokai" (Wagner et al., 1999; p. 664). In Fiji, "cultivated and infrequently naturalized from near sea level to an elevation of about 500 m" (Smith, 1985; p. 90). In New Caledonia, "introduit de bonne heure et très largement planté, se naturalise peu" (MacKee, 1994; p. 74). On Christmas Island (Indian Ocean), "spreading almost monospecific stands...develop around parent trees within disturbed marginal rainforest...and along roadsides... Although slow to spread, these patches are very competitive with the native vegetation..." (Swarbrick, 1997; p. 33). In the Northern Territory [Australia], "it has invaded coastal monsoon vine thickets that have been damaged by cyclones" (Cowie, cited in Csurhes & Edwards, 1998; p. 108).
Propagation: Seed; often planted by humans. "Seedlings germinate thickly under parent trees and rapidly form monospecific stands which compete strongly with other plants, possibly assisted by allelopathic exudations" (Swarbrick, 1997; p. 33). Pods can be spread by floodwaters (Smith, 2002; p. 18).
Native range: Madagascar; widely cultivated (GRIN).
Presence:
Pacific | |||
Country/Terr./St. & Island group |
Location |
Cited status &
Cited as invasive & Cited as cultivated & Cited as aboriginal introduction? |
Reference &
Comments |
American Samoa
Swain's Island |
Swain's Island |
introduced
cultivated |
Whistler, W. A. (1983) (p. 12)
Vouchers cited: Whistler 3383, Bryan 922, Bryan 1358 |
American Samoa
Tutuila Islands |
Tutuila Island |
introduced
cultivated |
Space, James C./Flynn, Tim (2000) (p. 34) |
Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (US)
Northern Mariana Islands |
Agrigan (Agrihan) Island |
introduced
|
Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1979) (p. 100) |
Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (US)
Northern Mariana Islands |
Aguijan (Agiguan, Aguihan) Island |
introduced
|
Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1979) (p. 100) |
Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (US)
Northern Mariana Islands |
Anatahan Island |
introduced
|
Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1979) (p. 100) |
Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (US)
Northern Mariana Islands |
Anatahan Island |
introduced
cultivated |
Fosberg, F. R./Falanruw, M. V. C./Sachet, M.-H. (1975) (p. 27)
Voucher cited: Falanruw 1633 (US) |
Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (US)
Northern Mariana Islands |
Pagan Island |
introduced
|
Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1979) (p. 100) |
Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (US)
Northern Mariana Islands |
Pagan Island |
introduced
cultivated |
Fosberg, F. R./Falanruw, M. V. C./Sachet, M.-H. (1975) (p. 27)
Voucher cited: Bonham 18 (US, Fo) |
Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (US)
Northern Mariana Islands |
Rota Island |
introduced
|
Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1979) (p. 100) |
Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (US)
Northern Mariana Islands |
Rota Island |
introduced
invasive cultivated |
Space, James C./Waterhouse, Barbara/Denslow, Julie S./Nelson, Duane (2000) (p. 6)
Naturalized |
Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (US)
Northern Mariana Islands |
Rota Island |
National Tropical Botanical Garden (U.S.A. Hawaii. Kalaheo.) (1966) (voucher ID: PTBG 23139)
Taxon name on voucher: Delonix regia |
|
Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (US)
Northern Mariana Islands |
Tinian Island |
introduced
|
Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1979) (p. 100) |
Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (US)
Saipan |
Saipan Island |
introduced
|
Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1979) (p. 100) |
Cook Islands
Southern Cook Islands |
Aitutaki Atoll |
introduced
cultivated |
Space, James C./Flynn, Tim (2002) (p. Field notes.) |
Cook Islands
Southern Cook Islands |
Atiu Island |
introduced
cultivated |
Space, James C./Flynn, Tim (2002) (p. 80) |
Cook Islands
Southern Cook Islands |
Mangaia Island |
introduced
cultivated |
Space, James C./Flynn, Tim (2002) (p. Field notes.) |
Cook Islands
Southern Cook Islands |
Mauke Island |
introduced
cultivated |
Space, James C./Flynn, Tim (2002) (p. 92) |
Cook Islands
Southern Cook Islands |
Mitiaro Island |
introduced
cultivated |
Space, James C./Flynn, Tim (2002) (p. Field notes.) |
Cook Islands
Southern Cook Islands |
Rarotonga Island |
introduced
cultivated |
Space, James C./Flynn, Tim (2002) (p. Field notes.) |
Ecuador (Galápagos Islands)
Floreana Group |
Floreana Island |
introduced
invasive cultivated |
Charles Darwin Foundation (2008) |
Ecuador (Galápagos Islands)
Isabela Group |
Isabela Island |
introduced
invasive cultivated |
Charles Darwin Foundation (2008) |
Ecuador (Galápagos Islands)
Isabela Group |
Volcán Sierra Negra, Isabela Island |
introduced
invasive cultivated |
Charles Darwin Foundation (2008) |
Ecuador (Galápagos Islands)
San Cristóbal Group |
San Cristóbal Island |
introduced
invasive cultivated |
Charles Darwin Foundation (2008) |
Ecuador (Galápagos Islands)
Santa Cruz Group |
Santa Cruz Island |
introduced
invasive cultivated |
Charles Darwin Foundation (2008) |
Federated States of Micronesia
Chuuk Islands |
Dublon (Tonowas) Island |
introduced
|
Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1979) (p. 100) |
Federated States of Micronesia
Chuuk Islands |
Dublon (Tonowas) Island |
introduced
|
Space, James C./Waterhouse, Barbara/Denslow, Julie S./Nelson, Duane/Mazawa, Thomas R. (2000) (p. 27) |
Federated States of Micronesia
Chuuk Islands |
Puluwat (Pwonowót) Atoll |
introduced
cultivated |
Manner, H. I./Mallon, E. (1989) (p. 47)
Voucher cited: Manner & Mallon 310 (GUAM) |
Federated States of Micronesia
Chuuk Islands |
Tol Island |
introduced
|
Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1979) (p. 100) |
Federated States of Micronesia
Chuuk Islands |
Tol Island |
introduced
|
Space, James C./Waterhouse, Barbara/Denslow, Julie S./Nelson, Duane/Mazawa, Thomas R. (2000) (p. 27) |
Federated States of Micronesia
Chuuk Islands |
Weno (Moen) Island |
introduced
|
Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1979) (p. 100) |
Federated States of Micronesia
Chuuk Islands |
Weno (Moen) Island |
introduced
|
Space, James C./Waterhouse, Barbara/Denslow, Julie S./Nelson, Duane/Mazawa, Thomas R. (2000) (p. 27) |
Federated States of Micronesia
Kosrae Island |
Kosrae Island |
introduced
|
Space, James C./Waterhouse, Barbara/Denslow, Julie S./Nelson, Duane/Waguk, Erick E. (2000) (p. 28) |
Federated States of Micronesia
Kosrae Island |
Kosrae Island |
introduced
cultivated |
Lorence, David H./Flynn, Timothy (2010) (p. 16)
Uncommon, roadside near Utwe. |
Federated States of Micronesia
Pohnpei Islands |
Pohnpei Island |
introduced
|
Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1979) (p. 100) |
Federated States of Micronesia
Pohnpei Islands |
Pohnpei Island |
introduced
cultivated |
Glassman, S. F. (1952) (p. 76) |
Federated States of Micronesia
Pohnpei Islands |
Pohnpei Island |
introduced
cultivated |
Herrera, Katherine/Lorence, David H./Flynn, Timothy/Balick, Michael J. (2010) (p. 91) |
Federated States of Micronesia
Yap Islands |
Fais Island |
introduced
|
Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1979) (p. 100) |
Federated States of Micronesia
Yap Islands |
Fais Island |
introduced
cultivated |
Fosberg, F. R./Evans, M. (1969) (p. 7)
Voucher cited: Evans 372 (US) |
Federated States of Micronesia
Yap Islands |
Yap (Waqab) Island |
introduced
|
Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1979) (p. 100) |
Fiji
Fiji Islands |
Taveuni Island |
introduced
invasive cultivated |
Smith, Albert C. (1985) (p. 90)
Voucher cited: Smith 8312 Infrequently naturalized. |
Fiji
Fiji Islands |
Viti Levu Island |
introduced
invasive cultivated |
Smith, Albert C. (1985) (p. 90)
Vouchers cited: Gillespie 4379, DA 12191, DA 16478 Infrequently naturalized. |
French Polynesia
Gambier Islands |
Mangareva (Gambier) Island |
introduced
cultivated |
Florence, J./Chevillotte, H./Ollier, C./Meyer, J.-Y. (2013)
Cultivée |
French Polynesia
Marquesas Islands |
Fatu Hiva Island |
introduced
invasive |
Lorence, David H./Wagner, Warren L. (2013) |
French Polynesia
Marquesas Islands |
Fatu Hiva Island |
introduced
cultivated |
Florence, J./Chevillotte, H./Ollier, C./Meyer, J.-Y. (2013)
Cultivée |
French Polynesia
Marquesas Islands |
Hiva Oa Island |
introduced
invasive |
Lorence, David H./Wagner, Warren L. (2013) |
French Polynesia
Marquesas Islands |
Hiva Oa Island |
introduced
cultivated |
Florence, J./Chevillotte, H./Ollier, C./Meyer, J.-Y. (2013)
Cultivée |
French Polynesia
Marquesas Islands |
Nuku Hiva (Nukahiva) Island |
introduced
invasive |
Lorence, David H./Wagner, Warren L. (2013) |
French Polynesia
Marquesas Islands |
Nuku Hiva (Nukahiva) Island |
introduced
cultivated |
Florence, J./Chevillotte, H./Ollier, C./Meyer, J.-Y. (2013)
Voucher cited: J. Florence 4168 (PAP) Cultivée |
French Polynesia
Marquesas Islands |
Ua Huka (Huahuna, Uahuka) Island |
introduced
invasive |
Lorence, David H./Wagner, Warren L. (2013) |
French Polynesia
Marquesas Islands |
Ua Huka (Huahuna, Uahuka) Island |
introduced
cultivated |
Florence, J./Chevillotte, H./Ollier, C./Meyer, J.-Y. (2013)
Cultivée |
French Polynesia
Marquesas Islands |
Ua Pou (Huapu, Uapou, Uapu) Island |
introduced
invasive |
Lorence, David H./Wagner, Warren L. (2013) |
French Polynesia
Society Islands |
Moorea Island | University of California (2006) | |
French Polynesia
Society Islands |
Moorea Island |
introduced
cultivated |
Florence, J./Chevillotte, H./Ollier, C./Meyer, J.-Y. (2013)
Cultivée |
French Polynesia
Society Islands |
Raiatea (Havai) Island |
introduced
cultivated |
Welsh, S. L. (1998) (p. 147)
Voucher cited: Moore 384 |
French Polynesia
Society Islands |
Tahiti Island |
introduced
cultivated |
Welsh, S. L. (1998) (p. 147)
Voucher cited: BRY 25354 |
French Polynesia
Society Islands |
Tahiti Island |
introduced
cultivated |
Florence, J./Chevillotte, H./Ollier, C./Meyer, J.-Y. (2013)
Voucher cited: J. Florence 2385 (PAP) Cultivée |
French Polynesia
Tuamotu Archipelago |
Makatea (Maatea) Island |
introduced
cultivated |
Florence, J./Chevillotte, H./Ollier, C./Meyer, J.-Y. (2013)
Voucher cited: J. Florence 9057 (PAP) Cultivée |
French Polynesia
Tuamotu Archipelago |
Manihi Atoll |
introduced
|
Sachet, M-H. (1983) (p. 23)
Voucher cited: Brooks & Brooks 87 (BISH) |
French Polynesia
Tuamotu Archipelago |
Raroia Atoll |
introduced
cultivated |
Doty, Maxwell S. (1954) (p. 38)
One tree. |
French Polynesia
Tuamotu Archipelago |
Takapoto Atoll |
introduced
cultivated |
Sachet, M-H. (1983) (p. 23) |
French Polynesia
Austral (Tubuai) Islands |
Raivavae (Raevavae) Island |
introduced
cultivated |
Florence, J./Chevillotte, H./Ollier, C./Meyer, J.-Y. (2013)
Cultivée |
French Polynesia
Austral (Tubuai) Islands |
Rurutu Island |
introduced
cultivated |
Florence, J./Chevillotte, H./Ollier, C./Meyer, J.-Y. (2013)
Voucher cited: J. Florence 6218 (PAP) Cultivée |
French Polynesia
Austral (Tubuai) Islands |
Tubuai Island |
introduced
cultivated |
Florence, J./Chevillotte, H./Ollier, C./Meyer, J.-Y. (2013)
Cultivée |
Guam
Guam Island |
Guam Island |
introduced
cultivated |
Stone, Benjamin C. (1970) (pp. 313-314)
Voucher cited: Stone 4122 (GUAM) Some local naturalization. |
Guam
Guam Island |
Guam Island |
introduced
|
Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1979) (p. 100) |
State of Hawaii
Hawaiian Islands |
Molokai Island |
introduced
invasive cultivated |
Wagner, Warren L./Herbst, Derral R./Sohmer, S. H. (1999) (p. 664)
Sparingly naturalized. |
Kiribati
Banaba Island |
Banaba (Ocean) Island |
introduced
|
Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1979) (p. 100) |
Kiribati
Line Islands |
Teraina (Washington) Island |
introduced
cultivated |
Wester, Lyndon (1985) (p. 24) |
Kiribati
Tungaru (Gilbert) Islands |
Aranuka Atoll |
introduced
|
Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1979) (p. 100) |
Kiribati
Tungaru (Gilbert) Islands |
Beru Atoll |
introduced
|
Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1979) (p. 100) |
Kiribati
Tungaru (Gilbert) Islands |
Butaritari Atoll |
introduced
cultivated |
Space, James C./Imada, Clyde T. (2004) (p. 77) |
Kiribati
Tungaru (Gilbert) Islands |
Marakei Atoll | Wagner, W. L./ Herbst, D. R./Weitzman, A./Lorence, D.H. (2013) | |
Kiribati
Tungaru (Gilbert) Islands |
Onotoa Atoll |
introduced
|
Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1979) (p. 100) |
Kiribati
Tungaru (Gilbert) Islands |
Onotoa Atoll |
introduced
cultivated |
Moul, Edwin T. (1957) (p. 14)
Voucher cited: Moul 8296 (US) |
Kiribati
Tungaru (Gilbert) Islands |
Tarawa Atoll |
introduced
|
Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1979) (p. 100) |
Kiribati
Tungaru (Gilbert) Islands |
Tarawa Atoll |
introduced
cultivated |
Space, James C./Imada, Clyde T. (2004) (p. 74) |
Marshall Islands
Ralik Chain |
Bikini (Pikinni) Atoll |
introduced
cultivated |
Fosberg, F. R. (1988) (p. 12) |
Marshall Islands
Ralik Chain |
Bikini (Pikinni) Atoll |
National Tropical Botanical Garden (U.S.A. Hawaii. Kalaheo.) (2003) (voucher ID: PTBG 39898)
Taxon name on voucher: Delonix regia (Bojer ex Hook.) Raf. |
|
Marshall Islands
Ralik Chain |
Jaluit (Jãlwõj) Atoll |
introduced
|
Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1979) (p. 100) |
Marshall Islands
Ralik Chain |
Kwajalein (Kuwajleen) Atoll |
introduced
|
Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1979) (p. 100) |
Marshall Islands
Ralik Chain |
Kwajalein (Kuwajleen) Atoll |
introduced
cultivated |
Whistler, W. A./Steele, O. (1999) (p. 100) |
Marshall Islands
Ratak Chain |
Likiep Atoll |
introduced
|
Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1979) (p. 100) |
Marshall Islands
Ratak Chain |
Likiep Atoll |
introduced
cultivated |
Fosberg, F. R. (1959) (p. 5)
Voucher cited: Fosberg 36638 (US) |
Marshall Islands
Ratak Chain |
Majuro (Mãjro) Atoll |
introduced
cultivated |
Vander Velde, Nancy (2003) (p. 79) |
Nauru
Nauru Island |
Nauru Island |
introduced
|
Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1979) (p. 100) |
Nauru
Nauru Island |
Nauru Island |
introduced
cultivated |
Thaman, R. R./Fosberg, F. R./Manner, H. I./Hassall, D. C. (1994) (p. 145)
Vouchers cited: Fosberg 58620 (US), Thaman & Manner 121 (SUVA) |
New Caledonia
Îles Loyauté (Loyalte Islands) |
Îles Loyauté (Loyalty Islands) |
introduced
invasive |
Tassin, Jacques (2005) |
New Caledonia
New Caledonia Archipelago |
Île Grande Terre |
introduced
invasive |
Tassin, Jacques (2005) |
New Caledonia
New Caledonia Archipelago |
Île Grande Terre |
introduced
invasive cultivated |
MacKee, H. S. (1994) (p. 74)
Vouchers cited: Baudouin 320 s.loc., Baudouin 641 s.loc., de Pompéry s.n. s.loc., MacKee 27865; var. flavida Stehié; voucher cited: MacKee 42411 |
Niue
Niue |
Niue Island |
introduced
cultivated |
Sykes, W. R. (1970) (p. 56)
Vouchers cited: CHR 169764, CHR 169765 |
Niue
Niue |
Niue Island |
introduced
cultivated |
Space, James C./Flynn, Tim (2000) (p. 7) |
Niue
Niue |
Niue Island |
introduced
cultivated |
Yuncker, T. G. (1943) (pp. 60-61)
Voucher cited: Yuncker 10031 (BISH) |
Niue
Niue |
Niue Island |
introduced
invasive cultivated |
Space, James C./Waterhouse, Barbara M./Newfield, Melanie/Bull, Cate (2004) (p. 11) |
Palau
Palau (Belau ) (main island group) |
Angaur (Ngeaur) Island |
introduced
cultivated |
Space, James C./Waterhouse, Barbara/Miles, Joel E./Tiobech, Joseph/Rengulbai, Kashgar (2003) (p. 103) |
Palau
Palau (Belau ) (main island group) |
Babeldaob Island |
introduced
cultivated |
Space, James C./Waterhouse, Barbara/Miles, Joel E./Tiobech, Joseph/Rengulbai, Kashgar (2003) (p. 101) |
Palau
Palau (Belau ) (main island group) |
Koror (Oreor) Island |
introduced
|
Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1979) (p. 100) |
Palau
Palau (Belau ) (main island group) |
Koror (Oreor) Island |
introduced
cultivated |
Space, James C./Waterhouse, Barbara/Miles, Joel E./Tiobech, Joseph/Rengulbai, Kashgar (2003) (p. 97) |
Palau
Palau (Belau ) (main island group) |
Koror (Oreor) Island |
Beleu National Museum (Republic of Palau. Koror.) (1967) (voucher ID: BNM 444)
Taxon name on voucher: Delonix regia (Bojer) Raf. |
|
Palau
Palau (Belau ) (main island group) |
Peleliu (Beliliou) Island |
introduced
cultivated |
Space, James C./Waterhouse, Barbara/Miles, Joel E./Tiobech, Joseph/Rengulbai, Kashgar (2003) (p. 106) |
Palau
Palau (Belau ) (main island group) |
Peleliu (Beliliou) Island |
introduced
cultivated |
Space, James C./Lorence, David H./LaRosa, Anne Marie (2009) (p. 63) |
Papua New Guinea
Bismarck Archipelago |
Bismarck Archipelago |
introduced
invasive cultivated |
Peekel, P. G. [translated by E. E. Henty] (1984) (p. 221)
Ornamental tree. Planted and self-sown. |
Papua New Guinea
Papua New Guinea (eastern New Guinea Island) |
Papua New Guinea (eastern New Guinea Island) |
introduced
|
ILDIS Co-ordinating Centre (2013) |
Philippines
Philippine Islands |
Philippine Islands |
introduced
|
ILDIS Co-ordinating Centre (2013) |
Philippines
Philippine Islands |
Philippine Islands |
introduced
cultivated |
Merrill, Elmer D. (1923) (p. 266)
Extensively cultivated as an ornamental shade tree. |
Pitcairn Islands
Pitcairn Islands |
Pitcairn Island |
introduced
cultivated |
Florence, J./Chevillotte, H./Ollier, C./Meyer, J.-Y. (2013)
Cultivée |
Samoa
Western Samoa Islands |
Savaii Island |
introduced
cultivated |
Space, James C./Flynn, Tim (2002) (p. 12) |
Samoa
Western Samoa Islands |
Upolu Island |
introduced
cultivated |
Space, James C./Flynn, Tim (2002) (p. 12) |
Solomon Islands
Solomon Islands |
Solomon Islands |
introduced
|
ILDIS Co-ordinating Centre (2013) |
Solomon Islands
Solomon Islands |
Solomon Islands |
introduced
invasive cultivated |
Hancock, I. R./Henderson, C. P. (1988) (p. 63) |
Tonga
Tongatapu Group |
Tongatapu Island |
introduced
cultivated |
Space, James C./Flynn, Tim (2001) (p. 52) |
Tonga
Vavau Group |
Niuatoputapu Island |
introduced
cultivated |
Yuncker, T. G. (1959) (p. 136)
Voucher cited: Hülimann 379 |
Tuvalu
Tuvalu (Ellis) Islands |
Tuvalu Islands | Unknown (year unknown) | |
United States (other Pacific offshore islands)
Midway Atoll |
Sand Island |
introduced
cultivated |
Starr, Forest/Starr, Kim/Loope, Lloyd (2008) (pp. B-7)
Voucher cited: Starr & Starr 080607-01 |
Wallis and Futuna
Wallis and Futuna (Horne) Islands |
Wallis (Uvea) Island |
introduced
cultivated |
Meyer, Jean-Yves (2007) (p. 34) |
Pacific Rim | |||
Country/Terr./St. & Island group |
Location |
Cited status &
Cited as invasive & Cited as cultivated & Cited as aboriginal introduction? |
Reference &
Comments |
Australia
Australia (continental) |
New South Wales |
introduced
invasive |
Australian Biological Resources Study (2013) |
Australia
Australia (continental) |
Northern Territory |
introduced
invasive cultivated |
Csurhes, S./Edwards, R. (1998) (p. 106) |
Australia
Australia (continental) |
Northern Territory |
introduced
invasive |
Australian Biological Resources Study (2013) |
Australia
Australia (continental) |
Queensland |
introduced
invasive cultivated |
Csurhes, S./Edwards, R. (1998) (p. 106) |
Australia
Australia (continental) |
Queensland |
introduced
invasive |
Australian Biological Resources Study (2013) |
Central America
Central America (Pacific rim) |
Costa Rica (Republic of) |
introduced
|
ILDIS Co-ordinating Centre (2013) |
Central America
Central America (Pacific rim) |
El Salvador (Republic of) |
introduced
|
ILDIS Co-ordinating Centre (2013) |
Central America
Central America (Pacific rim) |
Guatemala (Republic of) |
introduced
|
ILDIS Co-ordinating Centre (2013) |
Central America
Central America (Pacific rim) |
Honduras (Republic of) |
introduced
|
ILDIS Co-ordinating Centre (2013) |
Central America
Central America (Pacific rim) |
Nicaragua (Republic of) |
introduced
|
ILDIS Co-ordinating Centre (2013) |
Central America
Central America (Pacific rim) |
Panama (Republic of) |
introduced
|
ILDIS Co-ordinating Centre (2013) |
China
China |
China (People's Republic of) |
introduced
cultivated |
Zhengyi, Wu/Raven, Peter H./Deyuan, Hong (2013) |
China
China |
Hong Kong |
introduced
cultivated |
Wu, Te-lin (2001) (pp. 136-137)
Ornamental. |
Indonesia
Indonesia |
Indonesia (Republic of) |
introduced
|
ILDIS Co-ordinating Centre (2013) |
Japan
Ryukyu Islands |
Ryukyu Islands |
native
|
ILDIS Co-ordinating Centre (2013) |
Malaysia
Malaysia |
Malaysia (country of) |
introduced
|
ILDIS Co-ordinating Centre (2013) |
Mexico
Mexico |
Mexico (United Mexican States) |
introduced
|
ILDIS Co-ordinating Centre (2013) |
Singapore
Singapore |
Singapore (Republic of) |
introduced
cultivated |
Chong, Kwek Yan/Tan, Hugh T. W./Corlett, Richard T. (2009) (p. 32)
Cultivated only |
South America (Pacific rim)
South America (Pacific rim) |
Colombia |
introduced
|
ILDIS Co-ordinating Centre (2013) |
South America (Pacific rim)
South America (Pacific rim) |
Perú (Republic of) |
introduced
|
ILDIS Co-ordinating Centre (2013) |
Taiwan
Taiwan Island |
Taiwan Island |
introduced
cultivated |
Zhengyi, Wu/Raven, Peter H./Deyuan, Hong (2013) |
Thailand
Thailand |
Thailand (Kingdom of) |
introduced
|
ILDIS Co-ordinating Centre (2013) |
Vietnam
Vietnam |
Vietnam (Socialist Republic of) |
introduced
|
ILDIS Co-ordinating Centre (2013) |
Indian Ocean | |||
Country/Terr./St. & Island group |
Location |
Cited status &
Cited as invasive & Cited as cultivated & Cited as aboriginal introduction? |
Reference &
Comments |
Australia (Indian Ocean offshore islands)
Christmas Island Group |
Christmas Island |
introduced
invasive cultivated |
Swarbrick, J. T. (1997) (pp. 33, 112) |
British Indian Ocean Territory
Chagos Archipelago |
Diego Garcia Island |
introduced
cultivated |
Topp, J. M. W. (1988) (p. 6) |
British Indian Ocean Territory
Chagos Archipelago |
Diego Garcia Island |
introduced
cultivated |
Whistler, W. Arthur (1996) (p. 33) |
British Indian Ocean Territory
Chagos Archipelago |
Diego Garcia Island |
introduced
invasive cultivated |
Rivers, Julie (2004) (pp. 4, 7) |
Comoros
Comoro Islands |
Comoro Islands |
introduced
|
ILDIS Co-ordinating Centre (2013) |
La Réunion (France)
La Réunion Island |
La Réunion Island |
introduced
|
ILDIS Co-ordinating Centre (2013) |
Maldives
Maldive Islands |
Maldive Islands |
introduced
|
ILDIS Co-ordinating Centre (2013) |
Maldives
Maldive Islands |
Malè Atoll | Fosberg, F. R. (1957) (p. 21) | |
Mauritius
Mautitius Islands (Mauritius and Rodrigues) |
Mauritius Island |
introduced
|
ILDIS Co-ordinating Centre (2013) |
Mauritius
Mautitius Islands (Mauritius and Rodrigues) |
Rodrigues Island |
introduced
|
ILDIS Co-ordinating Centre (2013) |
French Territory of Mayotte
Mayotte Islands |
Mayotte Island |
introduced
|
ILDIS Co-ordinating Centre (2013) |
Seychelles
Seychelles Islands |
Agalega Island |
introduced
|
Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Stoddart, D. R. (1983) (p. 123) |
Seychelles
Seychelles Islands |
Coetivy Island |
Robertson, S. A./Fosberg, F. R. (1983) (p. 150)
Voucher cited: Robertson 3126 (K) |
|
Seychelles
Seychelles Islands |
Frégate Island | Robertson, S. A./Todd, D. M. (1983) (p. 51) | |
Seychelles
Seychelles Islands |
Groupe d'Aldabra |
introduced
|
ILDIS Co-ordinating Centre (2013) |
Seychelles
Seychelles Islands |
Seychelles Islands |
introduced
|
ILDIS Co-ordinating Centre (2013) |
Seychelles
Seychelles Islands |
Seychelles Islands |
introduced
|
Invasive Species Specialist Group (2017) |
Comments: Widely planted as an ornamental in Micronesia, especially on Saipan, and elsewhere in the Pacific. Some naturalization is occurring, but mostly as isolated trees.
Control:
Chemical: Larger trees can be cut and the stumps treated with glyphosate to prevent resprouting. Systemic herbicides, either as a foliar or basal spray may be effective on smaller plants.
"Pending the results of field trials seedlings should be sprayed with 2% Roundup plus Pulse in clean water when in full leaf, and saplings and trees either cut stump treated or stem injected with 50% Roundup in clean water or basal bark treated with 10% Garlon 600 in diesel oil" (Swarbrick, 1997; p. 33).