Pacific Island Ecosystems at Risk (PIER)

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Clausena excavata
Burm. f., Rutaceae
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Present on Pacific Islands?  yes

Primarily a threat at high elevations?  no

Common name(s): [more details]

Chinese: jia huang pi

English: clausena

Habit:  tree

Description:  "A slender tree to 10 m tall. Twigs finely hairy. Leaves pinnate, to 60 cm long, with 10-15 pairs of dark green narrowly oval oblique leaflets 3.5-7 cm long with pointed tips. Leaflets have a characteristic curry-like smell when crushed. Small white flowers occur in terminal clusters, followed by translucent pink berries 7-10 mm across, each containing 1-2 seeds." (Swarbrick, 1997; p. 29-30).

Habitat/ecology:  Establishes dense stands along roads and in disturbed areas (Swarbrick, 1997; p. 29-30).

Propagation:  Seeds distributed by birds (Swarbrick, 1997; p. 29-30).

Native range:  India, southeast Asia, Philippines (Swarbrick, 1997; p. 29-30).

Presence:

Pacific
Country/Terr./St. &
Island group
Location Cited status &
Cited as invasive &
Cited as cultivated &
Cited as aboriginal introduction?
Reference &
Comments
Philippines
Philippine Islands
Philippine Islands native
U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2013)
Philippines
Philippine Islands
Philippine Islands   Merrill, Elmer D. (1923) (p. 337)
In thickets and old clearings at low altitudes.
Pacific Rim
Country/Terr./St. &
Island group
Location Cited status &
Cited as invasive &
Cited as cultivated &
Cited as aboriginal introduction?
Reference &
Comments
Cambodia
Cambodia
Cambodia (Kingdom of) native
U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2013)
China
China
China (People's Republic of) native
Zhengyi, Wu/Raven, Peter H./Deyuan, Hong (2013)
Below 1000 m. S Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, S Yunnan.
Indonesia
Indonesia
Indonesia (Republic of) native
U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2013)
Malaysia
Malaysia
Malaysia (country of) native
U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2013)
Singapore
Singapore
Singapore (Republic of) native
Chong, Kwek Yan/Tan, Hugh T. W./Corlett, Richard T. (2009) (p. 26)
Common
Taiwan
Taiwan Island
Taiwan Island native
Zhengyi, Wu/Raven, Peter H./Deyuan, Hong (2013)
Thailand
Thailand
Thailand (Kingdom of) native
U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2013)
Vietnam
Vietnam
Vietnam (Socialist Republic of) native
U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2013)
Indian Ocean
Country/Terr./St. &
Island group
Location Cited status &
Cited as invasive &
Cited as cultivated &
Cited as aboriginal introduction?
Reference &
Comments
Australia (Indian Ocean offshore islands)
Christmas Island Group
Christmas Island introduced
invasive
Swarbrick, J. T. (1997) (pp. 29-30, 109)
Seychelles
Seychelles Islands
Seychelles Islands introduced
Invasive Species Specialist Group (2017)

Comments:  A problem on Christmas Island (Indian Ocean) (Swarbrick, 1997; p. 29-30). Reported to be under cultivation in Hawai‘i (Wagner et al., 1999; p. 1175).

Control: 

Chemical: Seedlings can be sprayed with a systemic herbicide. Larger trees can be cut and the stump treated with glyphosate to prevent resprouting. Basal bark treatment or stem injection may also be effective.

"Pending the results of field trials seedlings should be sprayed with 2% Roundup plus Pulse in clean water, and saplings and trees cut either cut stump treated or stem injected with 50% Roundup in clean water or basal bark treated with 10% Garlon 600 in diesel oil (Swarbrick, 1997; p. 29-30).


Need more info? Have questions? Comments? Information to contribute? Contact PIER! (pier@hear.org)

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This page was created on 1 JAN 1999 and was last updated on 12 OCT 2006.