L., Asteraceae |
Present on Pacific Islands? yes
Primarily a threat at high elevations? no
Common name(s): [more details]
Chinese: ju ju |
English: Belgium endive, French endive, blue sailors, chicory, coffee chicory, coffeeweed, succory, witloof |
French: chicon, chicorée, chicorée à café, chicorée de Bruxelles, chicorée sauvage, endive, endive witloof, witloof |
Spanish: achicoria, achicoria de Bruselas, achicoria de café, achicoria de raiz, chicoria |
Habit: herb
Description: "Perennials (sometimes flowering first year). Leaves: blades of basal 5-35+ x 1-8 (-12+) cm; cauline similar, smaller, narrower, distal mostly linear. Peduncles mostly 0-2 mm, some narrowly clavate, 12-45 (-85+) mm. Phyllaries: outer 5-6 lance-ovate to lanceolate, 4-7 mm, basally cartilaginous, distally herbaceous, inner 8+ lance-linear to linear, 6-12 mm, herbaceous, all usually with some gland-tipped hairs 0.5-0.8 mm on margins near bases or on abaxial faces toward tips. Cypselae 2-3 mm; pappi 0.01-0.2 mm" (Flora of North America online).
Description from Flora of New Zealand.
Habitat/ecology: In North America, "Disturbed sites; 0-1500 m" (Flora of North America online). In New Zealand, "roadsides, waste land, sometimes cultivated land" Webb et al., 1988; p. 321). In Australia, "common roadside and wasteland weed" (NSW PlantNET). "In Chile this species grows in the following environmental conditions: Low altitude, interior valleys; coastal mountains, 500-2000 m; coastal areas, 0-500 m. Somewhat dry areas where the drought may last 3-5 months, precipitations of 400-800 mm. are concentrated in winter. Fully exposed to the sun, level areas or slopes facing north (Chileflora).
Propagation: Seed
Native range: North Africa, Europe, Asia; widely naturalized elsewhere (GRIN).
Presence:
Pacific | |||
Country/Terr./St. & Island group |
Location |
Cited status &
Cited as invasive & Cited as cultivated & Cited as aboriginal introduction? |
Reference &
Comments |
Chile (offshore islands)
Juan Fernández Islands |
Isla Más a Tierra (Robinson Crusoe Island) |
introduced
invasive |
Atkinson, Rachel/Sawyer, John (2011) |
Chile (offshore islands)
Juan Fernández Islands |
Isla Más a Tierra (Robinson Crusoe Island) |
introduced
invasive |
Danton, Philippe/Perrier, Christophe/Martinez Reyes, Guido (2006) (p. 552) |
Chile (offshore islands)
Juan Fernández Islands |
Isla Más Afuera (Alejandro Selkirk Island) |
introduced
invasive |
Atkinson, Rachel/Sawyer, John (2011) |
Chile (offshore islands)
Juan Fernández Islands |
Isla Más Afuera (Alejandro Selkirk Island) |
introduced
invasive |
Danton, Philippe/Perrier, Christophe/Martinez Reyes, Guido (2006) (p. 552) |
French Polynesia
Society Islands |
Tahiti Island |
introduced
cultivated |
Florence, J./Chevillotte, H./Ollier, C./Meyer, J.-Y. (2013)
Cultivée |
State of Hawaii
Hawaiian Islands |
Oahu Island |
Bishop Museum (U.S.A. Hawaii. Honolulu.) (1956) (voucher ID: BISH 11844)
Taxon name on voucher: Cichorium intybus L. |
Pacific Rim | |||
Country/Terr./St. & Island group |
Location |
Cited status &
Cited as invasive & Cited as cultivated & Cited as aboriginal introduction? |
Reference &
Comments |
Australia
Australia (continental) |
New South Wales |
introduced
invasive |
National Herbarium of New South Wales (2013) |
Australia
Australia (continental) |
Queensland |
introduced
invasive |
National Herbarium of New South Wales (2013) |
British Columbia (province of Canada)
Province of British Columbia |
Canada (British Columbia) |
introduced
|
Flora of North America Editorial Committee, eds. (2013) |
China
China |
China (People's Republic of) |
native
|
Zhengyi, Wu/Raven, Peter H./Deyuan, Hong (2013)
By rivers, wastelands along seashores, slopes, by ditches; low elevations. ?Gansu, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Henan, ?Jilin, Liaoning, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi, Xinjiang. |
Japan
Japan |
Japan |
introduced
|
Mito, Toshikazu/Uesugi, Tetsuro (2004) (p. 189) |
New Zealand
New Zealand |
New Zealand (country) |
introduced
invasive |
Webb, C. J./Sykes, W. R./Garnock-Jones, P. J. (1988) (p. 321) |
South America (Pacific rim)
South America (Pacific rim) |
Chile (Republic of) |
introduced
|
Belov, Michail (2013) |
Taiwan
Taiwan Island |
Taiwan Island |
introduced
|
Ching-I Peng, ed. (2013)
"Naturalized in pastures at low elevations". |
United States (west coast)
United States (west coast states) |
USA (Oregon) |
introduced
|
U.S. Dept. Agr., Nat. Res. Cons. Serv. (2013) |
United States (west coast)
United States (west coast states) |
USA (California) |
introduced
|
Flora of North America Editorial Committee, eds. (2013) |
United States (west coast)
United States (west coast states) |
USA (Washington) |
introduced
|
U.S. Dept. Agr., Nat. Res. Cons. Serv. (2013) |
Also reported from | |||
Country/Terr./St. & Island group |
Location |
Cited status &
Cited as invasive & Cited as cultivated & Cited as aboriginal introduction? |
Reference &
Comments |
Canada
Canada |
Canada |
introduced
|
Flora of North America Editorial Committee, eds. (2013) |
United States (continental except west coast)
United States (other states) |
United States (other states) |
introduced
|
Flora of North America Editorial Committee, eds. (2013) |
United States (continental except west coast)
United States (other states) |
USA (Florida) |
introduced
|
U.S. Dept. Agr., Nat. Res. Cons. Serv. (2013) |
Control: If you know of control methods for Cichorium intybus, please let us know.