R.Br., Poaceae |
Present on Pacific Islands? yes
Primarily a threat at high elevations? no
Common name(s): [more details]
English: Australian Rhodes grass, slender chloris, small chloris, spreading windmill grass, star grass, star windmill grass |
Habit: grass
Description: "Branched perennials with slender, creeping stolons; culms erect or sometimes prostrate, 20-40 cm tall, glabrous. Sheaths shorter than the internodes, usually somewhat keeled, often slightly inflated, glabrous, margins sometimes scarious; ligule a row of hairs ca. 0.5 mm long; blades flat or involute, 4-20 cm long, 1-2 mm wide, upper surface scabrous. Inflorescences consisting of 4-7 spikes, each one 4-20 cm long, digitately arranged at apex of rachis, spreading, slender; spikelets 2-flowered, 3-4 mm long (excluding awns), closely appressed to rachis; glumes narrow, with 1 scabrous nerve, acuminate, first glume 1.5-2 mm long, second glume ca. 3 mm long; first lemma subcoriaceous, 3-3.5 mm long; narrow, scaberulous and ciliate in upper part, attenuate, awn 5-6 mm long; first palea ca. 2 mm long, narrow, scabrous on keels; rudimentary lemma narrow, ca. 1.5 mm long, acute, bifid, awn 1.5-2 mm long, narrow, triangular, attenuate at both ends." (Wagner et al., 1999; pp. 1514-1515).
Description from GrassBase.
Habitat/ecology: In Hawaii, "naturalized and common in lawns and dry, disturbed areas such as along roadsides and in pastures, 0-440 m". (Wagner et al., 1999; pp. 1514-1515). In Fiji, "naturalized and widespread from sea level to about 30m but is nowhere common, occurring in dry hills, along roadsides, and as a weed of cultivation and lawns" (Smith, 1979; p. 312). In Tonga, "occasional in disturbed places" (Whistler, 1988; p. 48).
Propagation: Seed
Native range: New Caledonia and Australia (Wagner et al., 1999; pp. 1514-1515).
Presence:
Pacific | |||
Country/Terr./St. & Island group |
Location |
Cited status &
Cited as invasive & Cited as cultivated & Cited as aboriginal introduction? |
Reference &
Comments |
Cook Islands
Cook Islands |
Cook Islands | McCormack, Gerald (2013) | |
Fiji
Fiji Islands |
Kandavu Island |
introduced
invasive |
Smith, Albert C. (1979) (p. 312)
var. cynodontoides Voucher cited: C.R. Turbet 8 |
Fiji
Fiji Islands |
Viti Levu Island |
introduced
invasive |
Smith, Albert C. (1979) (p. 312)
var. cynodontoides Vouchers cited: Greenwood 226A, 226C; DA 9117; C.R. Turbet 44, DA 8479, DA 16038, DA 3658, DA 763 |
State of Hawaii
Hawaiian Islands |
Kahoolawe Island |
introduced
invasive |
Wagner, Warren L./Herbst, Derral R./Sohmer, S. H. (1999) (pp. 1514-1515)
Vouchers cited: var. cynodontoides: Wilder s .n. (BISH); var. divaricata: Munro s n. (BISH) |
State of Hawaii
Hawaiian Islands |
Kauai Island |
introduced
invasive |
Wagner, Warren L./Herbst, Derral R./Sohmer, S. H. (1999) (pp. 1514-1515)
var. cynodontoides |
State of Hawaii
Hawaiian Islands |
Lānai Island |
introduced
invasive |
Wagner, Warren L./Herbst, Derral R./Sohmer, S. H. (1999) (pp. 1514-1515)
var. divaricata. Voucher cited: Munro s n. (BISH) |
State of Hawaii
Hawaiian Islands |
Maui Island |
introduced
invasive |
Wagner, Warren L./Herbst, Derral R./Sohmer, S. H. (1999) (pp. 1514-1515)
var. divaricata |
State of Hawaii
Hawaiian Islands |
Maui Island |
introduced
invasive |
Oppenheimer, Hank L. (2003) (p. 20)
var. cynodontoides. West Maui. Voucher cited: Oppenheimer H110101 (BISH, PTBG) |
State of Hawaii
Hawaiian Islands |
Niihau Island |
introduced
invasive |
Wagner, Warren L./Herbst, Derral R./Sohmer, S. H. (1999) (pp. 1514-1515)
var. divaricata |
State of Hawaii
Hawaiian Islands |
Oahu Island |
introduced
invasive |
Wagner, Warren L./Herbst, Derral R./Sohmer, S. H. (1999) (pp. 1514-1515)
var. cynodontoides. Voucher cited: Wilder s .n. (BISH); |
New Caledonia
New Caledonia |
New Caledonia Islands |
native
|
Smith, Albert C. (1979) (p. 312) |
New Caledonia
New Caledonia |
New Caledonia Islands |
native
|
Jaffré, T./Morat, P./Veillon, J-M./Rigault, F./Dagostini, G. (2001) (p. 45)
var. cynodontoides |
Tonga
Tongatapu Group |
Tongatapu Island | Whistler, W. A. (1988) (p. 48) | |
United States (other Pacific offshore islands)
Midway Atoll |
Midway Atoll |
introduced
invasive |
Starr, Forest/Martz, Kim (2000) (p. 11)
Voucher cited: Starr & Martz 990508-1 (BISH) |
Pacific Rim | |||
Country/Terr./St. & Island group |
Location |
Cited status &
Cited as invasive & Cited as cultivated & Cited as aboriginal introduction? |
Reference &
Comments |
Australia
Australia (continental) |
New South Wales |
native
|
U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2013) |
Australia
Australia (continental) |
Queensland |
native
|
U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2013) |
Japan
Japan |
Japan |
introduced
|
Mito, Toshikazu/Uesugi, Tetsuro (2004) (p. 192) |
Taiwan
Taiwan Island |
Taiwan Island |
introduced
invasive |
U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2013)
Naturalized |
Control: If you know of control methods for Chloris divaricata, please let us know.