Calyptocarpus vialis Less., Asteraceae

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Present on Pacific Islands?  yes

Primarily a threat at high elevations?  no

Common name(s): [more details]

Chinese: jin yao jian jiu

English: calyptocarpus, creeping Cinderella-weed, straggler daisy

Spanish: hierba de caballo

Habit:  herb

Description:  "Herbaceous perennials. Stems prostrate, many from base, rooting at nodes, densely appressed strigillose. Leaves ovate to broadly ovate, to 35 x 25 mm, densely appressed strigillose on both surfaces, hirtellous especially on lower surface, apex acute, apiculate, margins crenate-serrate, base attenuate; petiole 3-8 mm long, narrowly winged toward blade, ciliate along margins. Heads axillary, solitary, subsessile, peduncle occasionally to 15 mm long. Involucre narrowly oblong-oblanceoloid, 6-7 x 2.5-3.5 mm. Involucral bracts 4, concave, lanceolate, acuminate and apiculate, entire, 6-7 x 3-3.5 mm, glabrous within, strigillose without, in 2 series. Paleae hyaline, narrowly elliptic, 3.5-4.8 x 0.8-1 mm. Ray florets 3-7 (-8), yellow; corolla 4.5-6.2 x 1.4-1.8 mm; achenes oblanceolate, 3.5-4 mm x 1.7-2 mm, tan to blackish, flattened, with small lateral wing-like projections, pappus of usually 2 ascending-divergent awns, 1.2-2.4 mm long. Disc florets 3-7 (-8); corolla 2.6-3.6 mm long, densely papillose within; anthers black, 1 mm long, apical appendages lanceolate, obtuse; achenes similar to those of ray florets but slightly narrower and thicker, sometimes 3-angled, 1.1-1.7 mm across, evidently muricate"  (Digital Flora of Taiwan).

Description from the Flora of China online.
Description from the Flora of North America online.

Habitat/ecology:  In Hawai‘i, "a weed of disturbed habitats, especially lawns, often forming a dense ground cover" (Wagner et al., 1999; p. 284).

Propagation:  Seed

Native range:  "Texas south to Guatemala, Costa Rica, and Cuba" (Wagner et al., 1999; p. 284).

Presence:

Pacific
Country/Terr./St. & Island group	Location	Cited status & Cited as invasive & Cited as cultivated & Cited as aboriginal introduction?	Reference & Comments
Guam Guam Island	Guam Island	introduced	Raulerson, L. (2006) (p. 67)
State of Hawaii Hawaiian Islands	Hawai‘i (Big) Island	introduced invasive	Oppenheimer, Hank (2007) (p. 20) Voucher cited: Oppenheimer H40508 (BISH, PTBG)
State of Hawaii Hawaiian Islands	Kaho‘olawe Island	introduced invasive	Oppenheimer, Hank L. (2006) (pp. 10-11) Voucher cited: Oppenheimer, G. Hanse & J. Bruch H10402 (BISH, PTBG)
State of Hawaii Hawaiian Islands	Kaua‘i Island	introduced invasive	Wagner, Warren L./Herbst, Derral R./Sohmer, S. H. (1999) (p. 284)
State of Hawaii Hawaiian Islands	Lāna‘i Island	introduced invasive	Wagner, Warren L./Herbst, Derral R./Sohmer, S. H. (1999) (p. 284)
State of Hawaii Hawaiian Islands	Maui Island	introduced invasive	Wagner, Warren L./Herbst, Derral R./Sohmer, S. H. (1999) (p. 284)
State of Hawaii Hawaiian Islands	Moloka‘i Island	introduced invasive	Wagner, Warren L./Herbst, Derral R./Sohmer, S. H. (1999) (p. 284)
State of Hawaii Hawaiian Islands	O‘ahu Island	introduced invasive	Wagner, Warren L./Herbst, Derral R./Sohmer, S. H. (1999) (p. 284) Voucher cited: Fosberg 44449 (US)
Kiribati Tungaru (Gilbert) Islands	Tarawa Atoll	introduced invasive	Space, James C./Imada, Clyde T. (2004) (p. 73) Voucher: Imada 2003-26 (BISH 697641)
United States (other Pacific offshore islands) Midway Atoll	Midway Atoll	introduced invasive	Bruegmann, Marie M. (1999) (p. 1) Voucher cited: Bruegmann 2019 (BISH) Rare
United States (other Pacific offshore islands) Midway Atoll	Sand Island	introduced invasive	Starr, Forest/Starr, Kim/Loope, Lloyd (2008) (pp. B-5)

Pacific Rim
Country/Terr./St. & Island group	Location	Cited status & Cited as invasive & Cited as cultivated & Cited as aboriginal introduction?	Reference & Comments
Australia Australia (continental)	Queensland	introduced invasive	U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2013) Naturalized
Costa Rica Costa Rica	Costa Rica (Republic of)	native	U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2013)
El Salvador El Salvador	El Salvador (Republic of)	native	U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2013)
Guatemala Guatemala	Guatemala (Republic of)	native	U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2013)
Honduras Honduras	Honduras (Republic of)	native	U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2013)
Mexico Mexico	Mexico (United Mexican States)	native	U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2013)
Taiwan Taiwan Island	Taiwan Island	introduced invasive	Ching-I Peng, ed. (2013) A weed of roadsides; sometimes cultivated as a ground cover on traffic islands.

Also reported from
Country/Terr./St. & Island group	Location	Cited status & Cited as invasive & Cited as cultivated & Cited as aboriginal introduction?	Reference & Comments
United States (continental except west coast) United States (other states)	United States (other states)	native	U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2013) Alabama, Louisiana, Mississippi, Texas
United States (continental except west coast) United States (other states)	USA (Florida)	native	U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2013)

Additional information:
Additional online information about Calyptocarpus vialis is available from the Hawaiian Ecosystems at Risk project (HEAR).

Information about Calyptocarpus vialis as a weed (worldwide references) may be available from the Global Compendium of Weeds (GCW).

Taxonomic information about Calyptocarpus vialis may be available from the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN).

References:

Australian National Botanic Gardens. 2013. Australian plant common name database. Online resource.

Bruegmann, Marie M. 1999. New records of flowering plants on Midway Atoll. In: Evenhuis, Neal L. and Eldredge, Lucius G., eds. Records of the Hawaii Biological Survey for 1998. Part 2: Notes. Bishop Museum Occasional Papers. 59:1-2.

Ching-I Peng, ed. 2013. Digital flora of Taiwan (online resource).

Oppenheimer, Hank. 2007. New plant records from Moloka‘i, Lāna‘i, Maui, and Hawai‘i for 2006. In: Evenhuis, Neal L. and Eldredge, Lucias G., eds. Records of the Hawaii Biological Survey for 2006. Part 2: Notes. Bishop Museum Occasional Papers 96:17-34.

Oppenheimer, Hank L. 2006. New Hawai‘i plant records for 2004. In: Evenhuis, Neal L. and Eldredge, Lucias G., eds. Records of the Hawaii Biological Survey for 2004-2005. Part 2: Notes. Bishop Museum Occasional Papers 88:10-15.

Raulerson, L. 2006. Checklist of Plants of the Mariana Islands. University of Guam Herbarium Contribution 37:1-69. .

Space, James C./Imada, Clyde T. 2004. Report to the Republic of Kiribati on invasive plant species on the islands of Tarawa, Abemama, Butaritari and Maiana. Cont. no. 2003-006 to the Pac. Biol. Surv. USDA Forest Service and Bishop Museum, Honolulu. 103 pp.

Starr, Forest/Starr, Kim/Loope, Lloyd. 2008. Botanical survey of Midway Atoll. Prepared for: United States Fish and Wildlife Service. 27 pp. plus appendices.

U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. 2013. National Genetic Resources Program. Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN). Online searchable database.

Wagner, Warren L./Herbst, Derral R./Sohmer, S. H. 1999. Manual of the flowering plants of Hawaii. Revised edition. Bernice P. Bishop Museum special publication. University of Hawai‘i Press/Bishop Museum Press, Honolulu. 1919 pp. (two volumes).

Whistler, W. A. 1995. Wayside Plants of the Islands. Isle Botanica, Honolulu. 202 pp.

Zhengyi, Wu/Raven, Peter H./Deyuan, Hong. 2013. Flora of China (online resource).