Aristotelia chilensis (Molina) Stuntz, Elaeocarpaceae

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Present on Pacific Islands?  yes

Primarily a threat at high elevations?  no

Other Latin names:  Aristotelia macqui L'Hér.; Cornus chilensis Molina

Common name(s): [more details]

English: wineberry

Spanish: clon, macqui, maquei, queldrón

Habit:  shrub

Description:  "A 3-4 m high shrub, glabrous, except young branches; stems are reddish brown. Leaves perennial, opposite or sub-opposite, ovate-lanceolate, serrate, petioles 0.5-3 cm in length, twisted; laminas 3-7cm long (rarely up to 12 cm), glabrous; stipules 1-1.5 mm long. Inflorescences are short panicles, generally 1-2 cm long, with variable flower number. Flowers are yellow, 3-5 mm long, peduncles are pubescent. Calyx composed of 5 (6) deeply lobed sepals, lanceolate, obtuse, pubescent, 2-3 mm length; corolla composed of 5 (6) free petals, alternate with the sepals, entire, 2.2-4 mm length; stamens are 10-18 in two series, poral dehiscence; filaments more or less a fifth of the anther; anther is linear, 1.8-2 mm long, inconspicuous and sterile in female flowers. Ovary 2-3 lobes, glabrous; styles 2-3, fused at base. Fruit a spherical berry, smooth, 2-3 locular, joined to the receptacle, dark violet, rarely white, 5-6 mm in diameter. Seeds 2 per locule, 1 convex face and 2 flat faces, brown, 2.5 mm long"  (ICS-UNIDO Medical and Aromatic Plants online).

Habitat/ecology:  "Prefers moist places with rich organic earths. It is a colonising species in disturbed areas and on some occasions generates monospecific associations. It is tolerant to different soil types and can grow in direct sun or semishade"  (ICS-UNIDO Medical and Aromatic Plants online).

Propagation:  Seed, dispersed by birds.

Native range:  Chile; also cultivated (GRIN).

Presence:

Pacific
Country/Terr./St. & Island group	Location	Cited status & Cited as invasive & Cited as cultivated & Cited as aboriginal introduction?	Reference & Comments
Chile (offshore islands) Juan Fernández Islands	Isla Más a Tierra (Robinson Crusoe Island)	introduced invasive	Atkinson, Rachel/Sawyer, John (2011)
Chile (offshore islands) Juan Fernández Islands	Isla Más a Tierra (Robinson Crusoe Island)	introduced invasive	Danton, Philippe/Perrier, Christophe/Martinez Reyes, Guido (2006) (p. 551)
Chile (offshore islands) Juan Fernández Islands	Isla Más Afuera (Alejandro Selkirk Island)	introduced invasive	Atkinson, Rachel/Sawyer, John (2011)
Chile (offshore islands) Juan Fernández Islands	Isla Más Afuera (Alejandro Selkirk Island)	introduced invasive	Danton, Philippe/Perrier, Christophe/Martinez Reyes, Guido (2006) (p. 551)

Pacific Rim
Country/Terr./St. & Island group	Location	Cited status & Cited as invasive & Cited as cultivated & Cited as aboriginal introduction?	Reference & Comments
South America (Pacific rim) South America (Pacific rim)	Chile (Republic of)	native	U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2013) Bio-Bio, Coquimbo, La Araucania, Los Lagos, Maule, O'Higgins, Santiago, Valparaiso.
United States (west coast) United States (west coast states)	USA (California)	introduced	U.S. Dept. Agr., Nat. Res. Cons. Serv. (2013)

Control:  If you know of control methods for Aristotelia chilensis, please let us know.