Anemone hupehensis (Lemoine) Lemoine, Ranunculaceae

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Present on Pacific Islands?  yes

Primarily a threat at high elevations?  yes

Risk assessment results:  High risk, score: 8.5 (Go to the risk assessment).

Other Latin names:  Anemone japonica (Thunb.) Siebold & Zucc.; Atragene japonica Thunb.

Common name(s): [more details]

Chinese: da po wan hua hua

English: Japanese anemone, Japanese windflower, hupeh anemone

French: anémone du Japon

Japanese: kibune-giku, shūmei-giku

Spanish: anémona japonesa

Habit:  herb

Description:  "Caudex branched, erect, short, 8-12 x 0.5-0.7 cm, woody. Leaves 3-5; petiole 5-35 cm, densely pubescent, base sheathing; leaf blade ternate, sparsely strigose; petiolules 2-5 cm; central leaflet undivided, ovate or broadly so, 4-10 x 3-10 cm; lateral leaflets similar to central one but smaller. Scape 30-100 (-120) cm, sparsely pubescent; cyme 2- or 3-branched, many flowered. Involucral bracts 3; petiole 2-3 cm, base sheathing; bract blade similar to that of leaves, ternate, 3-7 cm. Pedicel 3-10 cm, pubescent, lateral ones with small, paired bracteoles. Sepals 5 (flowers single) or ca. 20 (flowers double, in cultivated plants), purple, purple-red, pink or white, obovate, 20-30 x 13-20 mm, abaxially velutinous, basal veins 5-9, vein anastomoses more than 10. Stamens 4-6 mm; filament filiform; anther ellipsoid. Pistils more than 180, long stipitate, ca.1.5 mm; ovary velutinous; stigma rectangular. Achene body ovoid, ca. 2 x 1 mm, lanate, hairs 3-4 mm; style straight, short"  (Flora of China online).

"Erect perennial herbs; stems 0.5-1.5 m long, appressed pilose. Basal leaves ternately compound, leaflets ovate, 4-20 cm long, 5-15 cm wide, upper surface green, sparsely strigose, lower surface pale green, appressed pilose, primarily along veins, toothed and lobed, base cordate. Sepals 5-20, white, often tinged pink or purple, lower surface velvety pubescent. Achenes numerous in a globose head, ca 2 mm long, long-pilose" (Wagner et al., 1999; p. 1087).

Habitat/ecology:  In Hawai‘i, "naturalized and locally common in open, wet, disturbed areas along roadsides and in wet forest, 1,080-1,530 m" (Wagner et al., 1999; p. 1087).  In China [native and naturalized], "scrub, grassy slopes, streamsides in hilly regions, sometimes cultivated or becoming naturalized; 400-2600 m"  (Flora of China online).

Propagation:  Wind-distributed seed.

Native range:  China (Wagner et al., 1999; p. 1087).

Presence:

Pacific
Country/Terr./St. & Island group	Location	Cited status & Cited as invasive & Cited as cultivated & Cited as aboriginal introduction?	Reference & Comments
State of Hawaii Hawaiian Islands	Hawai‘i (Big) Island	introduced invasive	Wagner, Warren L./Herbst, Derral R./Sohmer, S. H. (1999) (p. 1087) Voucher cited: Fagerlund & Mitchell 219 (BISH)

Pacific Rim
Country/Terr./St. & Island group	Location	Cited status & Cited as invasive & Cited as cultivated & Cited as aboriginal introduction?	Reference & Comments
China China	China (People's Republic of)	native cultivated	Zhengyi, Wu/Raven, Peter H./Deyuan, Hong (2013) Also cultivated and naturalized in areas where not native.
Japan Japan	Japan	introduced invasive cultivated	U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2013) Honshu, Kyushu, Shikoku; also cultivated. Naturalized
Japan Japan	Japan	introduced	Mito, Toshikazu/Uesugi, Tetsuro (2004) (p. 182) var. japonica Bowles et Stearn
North Korea North Korea	North Korea (Democratic People's Republic of)	introduced invasive cultivated	U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2013) Naturalized
South Korea South Korea	South Korea (Republic of)	introduced invasive cultivated	U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2013) Naturalized
Taiwan Taiwan Island	Taiwan Island	native	U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2013)

Comments:  Cultivated and naturalized in Japan (GRIN).

Control:  If you know of control methods for Anemone hupehensis, please let us know.