Sisymbrium officinale (L.) Scop., Brassicaceae

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Present on Pacific Islands?  yes

Primarily a threat at high elevations?  no

Common name(s): [more details]

Chinese: zuan guo da suan jie

English: hairy hedge mustard, hedge mustard, hedge tumblemustard, hedgeweed, wild mustard

French: herbe aux chantres, sisymbre officinal, vélar

Japanese: kakine-garashi

Spanish: erísmo, erisimo oficinal, hierba de San Alberto, hierba de la sabiduría, hierba de los cantores, mostacilla

Habit:  herb

Description:  "Erect, unbranched to many-branched annual herbs, hirsute at least below.  Leaves lyrate-pinnatifid to pinnately divided, 7-15 cm long, usually 3-7 cm wide, the segments coarsely dentate, upper leaves smaller, lanceolate to hastate.  Pedicels stout, erect, ca. 2 mm long in fruit; sepals ca. 2 mm long, sparsely hirsute; petals pale yellow, ca. 3 mm long.  Siliques subulate, strictly erect and appressed to the stem, 1-2 cm long, hirsute or glabrous.  Seeds ca. 1 mm long"  (Wagner et al., 1999; p. 413).

Habitat/ecology:  In Hawai‘i, "naturalized in cultivated land and pastures"  (Wagner et al., 1999; p. 413).  "In Chile this species grows in the following environmental conditions:  Medium altitude up to the timber line; low altitude, interior valleys; coastal mountains, 500-2000 m; coastal areas, 0-500 m.  Somewhat dry areas where the drought may last 3-5 months. Precipitations of 400-800 mm. are concentrated in winter.  Some shadow. Some protection against direct sunlight, some shadow from vegetation, filtering about 20-40% of light"  (Chileflora).

Propagation:  Seed

Native range:  "Europe, now widely naturalized" (Wagner et al., 1999; p. 413).

Presence:

Pacific
Country/Terr./St. & Island group	Location	Cited status & Cited as invasive & Cited as cultivated & Cited as aboriginal introduction?	Reference & Comments
Australia (Pacific offshore islands) Lord Howe Island	Lord Howe Island	introduced invasive	Orchard, Anthony E., ed. (1994) (p. 19) "A common and widespread weed of disturbed and open ground". Vouchers cited: 1920, J.L.Boorman (NSW); J.D. McComish 169 (NSW)
Australia (Pacific offshore islands) Norfolk Islands	Norfolk Island	introduced invasive	Orchard, Anthony E., ed. (1994) (p. 8) "A common and widespread weed of disturbed and open ground". Vouchers cited: W.R. Sykes NI162 (CHR); 1902, J.H. Maiden & J.L. Boorman (NSW)
Chile (offshore islands) Juan Fernández Islands	Isla Más a Tierra (Robinson Crusoe Island)	introduced	Skottsberg, Carl (1953) (p. 218)
Chile (offshore islands) Juan Fernández Islands	Isla Más a Tierra (Robinson Crusoe Island)	introduced invasive	Atkinson, Rachel/Sawyer, John (2011)
Chile (offshore islands) Juan Fernández Islands	Isla Más a Tierra (Robinson Crusoe Island)	introduced invasive cultivated	Danton, Philippe/Perrier, Christophe/Martinez Reyes, Guido (2006) (p. 557)
Chile (offshore islands) Juan Fernández Islands	Isla Santa Clara	introduced invasive	Atkinson, Rachel/Sawyer, John (2011)
State of Hawaii Hawaiian Islands	Hawai‘i (Big) Island	introduced invasive	Wagner, Warren L./Herbst, Derral R./Sohmer, S. H. (1999) (p. 413)
State of Hawaii Hawaiian Islands	Kaua‘i Island	introduced invasive	Wagner, Warren L./Herbst, Derral R./Sohmer, S. H. (1999) (p. 413)
State of Hawaii Hawaiian Islands	Lāna‘i Island	introduced invasive	Wagner, Warren L./Herbst, Derral R./Sohmer, S. H. (1999) (p. 413)
State of Hawaii Hawaiian Islands	Maui Island	introduced invasive	Wagner, Warren L./Herbst, Derral R./Sohmer, S. H. (1999) (p. 413)
State of Hawaii Hawaiian Islands	Moloka‘i Island	introduced invasive	Wagner, Warren L./Herbst, Derral R./Sohmer, S. H. (1999) (p. 413)
State of Hawaii Hawaiian Islands	O‘ahu Island	introduced invasive	Frohlich, Danielle/Lau, Alex (2008) (p. 4) Voucher cited: Iott s.n. (BISH 726889)
Japan (offshore islands) Ogasawara (Bonin) Islands	Bonin (Ogasawara) Islands	introduced	Kato, Hidetoshi (2007) Var. leiocarpum DC.
New Caledonia New Caledonia Archipelago	Île Grande Terre	introduced	MacKee, H. S. (1994) (p. 45)
New Zealand (offshore islands) Kermadec Islands	Kermadec Islands	introduced invasive	Webb, C. J./Sykes, W. R./Garnock-Jones, P. J. (1988) (p. 446) "Roadsides, shelter belts, waste land".

Pacific Rim
Country/Terr./St. & Island group	Location	Cited status & Cited as invasive & Cited as cultivated & Cited as aboriginal introduction?	Reference & Comments
Australia Australia (continental)	Australia (continental)		Hafliger, Toni J./Wolf, Matthias (1988) (p. 204)
China China	China (People's Republic of)		Zhengyi, Wu/Raven, Peter H./Deyuan, Hong (2013) Roadsides, fields, pastures, waste grounds, deserts; near sea level to 1500 m. Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, Xizang.
Japan Japan	Japan		Hafliger, Toni J./Wolf, Matthias (1988) (p. 206)
Japan Japan	Japan	introduced	Mito, Toshikazu/Uesugi, Tetsuro (2004) (p. 183) var. officinale and var. letocarpum DC.
Mexico Mexico	Mexico (United Mexican States)		Hafliger, Toni J./Wolf, Matthias (1988) (p. 204)
New Zealand New Zealand	New Zealand (country)	introduced invasive	Webb, C. J./Sykes, W. R./Garnock-Jones, P. J. (1988) (p. 446) "Roadsides, shelter belts, waste land".
South America (Pacific rim) South America (Pacific rim)	Chile (Republic of)	introduced invasive	Belov, Michail (2013)

Control:  If you know of control methods for Sisymbrium officinale, please let us know.