Pacific Island Ecosystems at Risk (PIER)

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Youngia japonica
(L.) DC., Asteraceae
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Present on Pacific Islands?  yes

Primarily a threat at high elevations?  no

Other Latin names:  Crepis japonica Benth.; Prenanthes japonica L.

Common name(s): [more details]

Chinese: huang an cai

English: asiatic hawksbeard, oriental false hawksbeard, oriental hawksbeard

Fijian: mosita ni Viti

Tongan: fisi puna

Habit:  herb

Description:  "Erect, pubescent herb, the leaves mostly in basal rosette, stem with a few cauline leaves; basal leaves petiolate, oblanceolate, pinnately parted, lyrate, finely dentate, usually puberulent, about 3-15 cm long and up to 5 cm wide, the terminal lobe largest; cauline leaves usually only 1-3, subsessile, much smaller; heads several to many in a panicle, 7-8 mm wide; involucre 5-6 mm long, with about 8 inner (longer) bracts; florets about 10-25; corolla about 5-6 mm long, yellow; achenes brown, about 1.8 mm long, with slender scaberulous ribs; pappus soft, white, 3 mm long, persistent"  (Stone, 1970; p. 579).

Description from the Flora of China online.
Description from the Flora of North America online.

Habitat/ecology:  In Guam, "found usually in shady spots near houses" (Stone, 1970; p. 579). In Hawai‘i, "a common weed in often moist and shaded, disturbed sites, but also occurring in nearly intact wet forest, 0-1,400 m" (Wagner et al., 1999; p. 377).  In Fiji, "found from near sea level to about 1,100 m as a weed in gardens and villages, on cleared land, and along roadsides and forest trails" (Smith, 1991; p. 267).  In New Guinea, "sometimes common in natural grassland at median altitudes, and an occasional weed of cultivation and plantations, particularly after other more vigorous weeds have been suppressed. Occurring at altitudes from 1000 to 3000 m" (Henty & Pritchard, 1975; p. 88). In New Caledonia, "largement répandu comme mauvaise herbe de jardin et en lieux frais incultes" (MacKee, 1994; p. 39). "Occasional in disturbed places, especially in lawns" (Whistler, 1988; p. 13). In China (native), "mountain slopes, mountain valleys, ravines, forests, forest margins, grasslands, moist areas, by water, stream banks, trailsides, roadsides, disturbed places, densely grassy areas by houses or roads, field margins, as a weed in gardens and fields; below 100-4500 m"  (Flora of China online).

Propagation:  Seed

Native range:  East Asia, Malaysia, India to Australia and some Pacific islands (Stone, 1970; p. 579).  "Japan, Korea, western China, and northwestern India to Malesia, widely adventive elsewhere" (Smith, 1991; p. 267).

Presence:

Pacific
Country/Terr./St. &
Island group
Location Cited status &
Cited as invasive &
Cited as cultivated &
Cited as aboriginal introduction?
Reference &
Comments
American Samoa
Tutuila Islands
Tutuila Island   Whistler, W. A. (1988) (p. 13)
Not common per Whistler. Voucher cited: Whistler 5733
Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (US)
Northern Mariana Islands
Rota Island introduced
Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1979) (p. 294)
Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (US)
Saipan
Saipan Island introduced
Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1979) (p. 294)
Cook Islands
Southern Cook Islands
Mangaia Island   McCormack, Gerald (2013)
Fiji
Fiji Islands
Viti Levu Island introduced
invasive
Smith, Albert C. (1991) (p. 267)
Vouchers cited: Greenwood 801, DA 10410, Vaughan 3237, Smith 4794, Smith 8814, St. John 18305, DA 9576, DA 5624, DA 11105, DA 10066, DA 11475, DA 12607
French Polynesia
Society Islands
Raiatea (Havai) Island introduced
invasive
Welsh, S. L. (1998) (p. 82)
Voucher cited: BRY 26629
French Polynesia
Society Islands
Tahiti Island introduced
invasive
Welsh, S. L. (1998) (p. 82)
Vouchers cited: BRY 25988, BRY 26041, Fosberg & Stone 61287
French Polynesia
Society Islands
Tahiti Island introduced
invasive
Florence, J./Chevillotte, H./Ollier, C./Meyer, J.-Y. (2013)
Vouchers cited: J. Florence 2437 (PAP), J. Florence 2530 (PAP), J. Florence 2759 (PAP), J. Florence 2912 (PAP), J. Florence 8758 (PAP), P. Birnbaum 5 (PAP)
Adventice
French Polynesia
Society Islands
Tahiti Island   National Tropical Botanical Garden (U.S.A. Hawaii. Kalaheo.) (1981) (voucher ID: PTBG 37214)
Taxon name on voucher: Youngia japonica (L.) DC.
French Polynesia
Austral (Tubuai) Islands
Rimatara (Rimitara) Island introduced
invasive
Florence, J./Chevillotte, H./Ollier, C./Meyer, J.-Y. (2013)
Adventice
French Polynesia
Austral (Tubuai) Islands
Rurutu Island introduced
invasive
Florence, J./Chevillotte, H./Ollier, C./Meyer, J.-Y. (2013)
Adventice
French Polynesia
Austral (Tubuai) Islands
Tubuai Island introduced
invasive
Florence, J./Chevillotte, H./Ollier, C./Meyer, J.-Y. (2013)
Adventice
Guam
Guam Island
Guam Island introduced
invasive
Stone, Benjamin C. (1970) (p. 579)
Guam
Guam Island
Guam Island introduced
Fosberg, F. R./Sachet, Marie-Hélène/Oliver, Royce (1979) (p. 294)
State of Hawaii
Hawaiian Islands
Hawai‘i (Big) Island introduced
invasive
Wagner, Warren L./Herbst, Derral R./Sohmer, S. H. (1999) (p. 377)
State of Hawaii
Hawaiian Islands
Kaua‘i Island introduced
invasive
Wagner, Warren L./Herbst, Derral R./Sohmer, S. H. (1999) (p. 377)
State of Hawaii
Hawaiian Islands
Lāna‘i Island introduced
invasive
Wagner, Warren L./Herbst, Derral R./Sohmer, S. H. (1999) (p. 377)
State of Hawaii
Hawaiian Islands
Maui Island introduced
invasive
Wagner, Warren L./Herbst, Derral R./Sohmer, S. H. (1999) (p. 377)
State of Hawaii
Hawaiian Islands
Moloka‘i Island introduced
invasive
Wagner, Warren L./Herbst, Derral R./Sohmer, S. H. (1999) (p. 377)
State of Hawaii
Hawaiian Islands
O‘ahu Island introduced
invasive
Wagner, Warren L./Herbst, Derral R./Sohmer, S. H. (1999) (p. 377)
Japan (offshore islands)
Ogasawara (Bonin) Islands
Bonin (Ogasawara) Islands   Kato, Hidetoshi (2007)
Marshall Islands
Ratak Chain
Majuro (Mãjro) Atoll introduced
Vander Velde, Nancy/Vander Velde, Brian (2009) (p. 1)
Voucher cited: Vander Velde 0520200901
Marshall Islands
Ratak Chain
Majuro (Mãjro) Atoll   National Tropical Botanical Garden (U.S.A. Hawaii. Kalaheo.) (2009) (voucher ID: PTBG 49755)
Taxon name on voucher: Youngia japonica
New Caledonia
New Caledonia Archipelago
Île Grande Terre introduced
invasive
Tassin, Jacques (2005)
New Caledonia
New Caledonia Archipelago
Île Grande Terre introduced
invasive
MacKee, H. S. (1994) (pp. 39-40)
Vouchers cited: Brousmiche s.n., Rordorf s.n. (Z), MacKee 2404, MacKee 5133, MacKee 12080, MacKee 17615, MacKee 40668
New Caledonia
New Caledonia Archipelago
Île des Pins (Isle of Pines) introduced
invasive
Tassin, Jacques (2005)
New Caledonia
New Caledonia Archipelago
Île des Pins (Isle of Pines) introduced
invasive
MacKee, H. S. (1994) (pp. 39-40)
Voucher cited: MacKee 33820
Niue
Niue
Niue Island introduced
invasive
Whistler, W. A. (1988) (p. 13)
Palau
Palau (Belau ) (main island group)
Koror (Oreor) Island introduced
invasive
Space, James C./Waterhouse, Barbara/Miles, Joel E./Tiobech, Joseph/Rengulbai, Kashgar (2003) (p. 99)
Palau
Palau (Belau ) (main island group)
Koror (Oreor) Island introduced
invasive
Fosberg, F. R./Canfield, Joan E. (1980) (p. 200)
Voucher cited: Otobed PW-10181
Papua New Guinea
Bismarck Archipelago
Bismarck Archipelago   Peekel, P. G. [translated by E. E. Henty] (1984) (p. 567)
Scattered, not abundant.
Papua New Guinea
Bougainville Islands
Bougainville Island   Foreman, D. B. (1971) (p. 38)
Papua New Guinea
Papua New Guinea (eastern New Guinea Island)
Papua New Guinea (eastern New Guinea Island) introduced
invasive
Henty, E. E./Pritchard, G. H. (1975) (p. 88)
Occuring at altitudes from 1000 to 3000 m.
Philippines
Philippine Islands
Philippine Islands native
U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2013)
Philippines
Philippine Islands
Philippine Islands   Merrill, Elmer D. (1923) (p. 622)
As Crepis japonica. In old clearings, ravines, etc., chiefly at medium and higher altitudes.
Solomon Islands
Solomon Islands
Solomon Islands   Swarbrick, John T. (1997) (p. 98)
Solomon Islands
Solomon Islands
Solomon Islands native
Hancock, I. R./Henderson, C. P. (1988) (p. 118)
Tonga
Tongatapu Group
‘Eua Island   Whistler, W. A. (1992) (p. 9)
Voucher cited: Soakai 949 (EI)
Tonga
Tongatapu Group
Tongatapu Island   Whistler, W. A. (1992) (p. 9)
Vouchers cited: Lawrence 62, Ilolahia 54, Soakai 723, Soakai 1002
Tonga
Tongatapu Group
Tongatapu Island introduced
invasive
Yuncker, T. G. (1959) (p. 271)
Vouhcer cited: Yuncker 15227
Pacific Rim
Country/Terr./St. &
Island group
Location Cited status &
Cited as invasive &
Cited as cultivated &
Cited as aboriginal introduction?
Reference &
Comments
Australia
Australia (continental)
New South Wales native
U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2013)
Australia
Australia (continental)
Australia (continental)   Holm, Leroy/Pancho, Juan V./Herberger, James P./Plucknett, Donald L. (1979) (p. 389)
Australia
Australia (continental)
Queensland native
U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2013)
Cambodia
Cambodia
Cambodia (Kingdom of) native
U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2013)
Central America
Central America (Pacific rim)
Costa Rica (Republic of) introduced
invasive
U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2013)
Naturalized
Central America
Central America (Pacific rim)
Panama (Republic of) introduced
invasive
U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2013)
Naturalized
China
China
China (People's Republic of) native
Zhengyi, Wu/Raven, Peter H./Deyuan, Hong (2013)
China
China
Hong Kong native
Wu, Te-lin (2001) (p. 290)
In wasteland.
Japan
Japan
Japan native
U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2013)
Japan
Japan
Japan   Holm, Leroy/Pancho, Juan V./Herberger, James P./Plucknett, Donald L. (1979) (p. 389)
Japan
Ryukyu Islands
Ryukyu Islands native
U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2013)
North Korea
North Korea
North Korea (Democratic People's Republic of) native
U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2013)
South Korea
South Korea
South Korea (Republic of) native
U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2013)
Malaysia
Malaysia
Malaysia (country of) native
U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2013)
Mexico
Mexico
Mexico (United Mexican States) introduced
invasive
U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2013)
Naturalized
Singapore
Singapore
Singapore (Republic of) introduced
invasive
Chong, Kwek Yan/Tan, Hugh T. W./Corlett, Richard T. (2009) (p. 91)
Naturalised
Taiwan
Taiwan Island
Taiwan Island   Holm, Leroy/Pancho, Juan V./Herberger, James P./Plucknett, Donald L. (1979) (p. 389)
Taiwan
Taiwan Island
Taiwan Island uncertain if native
Ching-I Peng, ed. (2013)
"Very common in wastelands, cultivated fields and on roadsides".
Thailand
Thailand
Thailand (Kingdom of) native
U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2013)
Vietnam
Vietnam
Vietnam (Socialist Republic of) native
U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2013)
Indian Ocean
Country/Terr./St. &
Island group
Location Cited status &
Cited as invasive &
Cited as cultivated &
Cited as aboriginal introduction?
Reference &
Comments
Comoros
Comoro Islands
Comoro Islands introduced
invasive
U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2013)
Naturalized
La Réunion (France)
La Réunion Island
La Réunion Island introduced
invasive
U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2013)
Naturalized
Mauritius
Mautitius Islands (Mauritius and Rodrigues)
Mauritius Island introduced
invasive
U.S. Dept. Agr., Agr. Res. Serv. (2013)
Naturalized
Mauritius
Mautitius Islands (Mauritius and Rodrigues)
Mauritius Island   Holm, Leroy/Pancho, Juan V./Herberger, James P./Plucknett, Donald L. (1979) (p. 389)
Seychelles
Seychelles Islands
Seychelles Islands introduced
Invasive Species Specialist Group (2017)
Also reported from
Country/Terr./St. &
Island group
Location Cited status &
Cited as invasive &
Cited as cultivated &
Cited as aboriginal introduction?
Reference &
Comments
United States (continental except west coast)
United States (other states)
United States (other states) introduced
U.S. Dept. Agr., Nat. Res. Cons. Serv. (2013)
United States (continental except west coast)
United States (other states)
USA (Florida) introduced
U.S. Dept. Agr., Nat. Res. Cons. Serv. (2013)

Control:  If you know of control methods for Youngia japonica, please let us know.


Need more info? Have questions? Comments? Information to contribute? Contact PIER! (pier@hear.org)

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This page was created on 26 JUL 2002 and was last updated on 15 JAN 2013.