Pacific Island Ecosystems at Risk (PIER)
Report on invasive plant species in Samoa
Appendix 5. Presence of invasive species of environmental concern within Samoa
Table 1.
Species present on Savai‘ibut not on Upolo
Table 2.
Species present on Upolo but not on Savai‘i
Table 1. Species present on Savai‘i but not on Upolo
|
Scientific Name |
Common Names (abridged) |
Family |
Habit |
| Flemingia macrophylla | Fabaceae | tree | |
| Hevea brasiliensis | English: hevea, Brazilian rubber tree, Para rubber tree | Euphorbiaceae | tree |
| Merremia tuberosa | English: wood rose, Spanish arborvine, yellow morning-glory | Convolvulaceae | vine |
| Passiflora quadrangularis | English: granadilla, giant granadilla; Other: pasio (Samoa) | Passifloraceae | vine |
| Plectranthus amboinicus | English: Mexican mint, Spanish thyme, Cuban oregano | Lamiaceae | herb |
| Solanum capsicoides | English: cockroach berry, devil’s apple, soda apple | Solanaceae | herb |
| Tephrosia candida | English: white tephrosia, white hoary-pea | Fabaceae | shrub |
| Toona ciliata | English: Australian red cedar, toon, surian, Indian mahogany; Other: tuna (Samoa) | Meliaceae | tree |
Table 2. Species present on Upolo but not on Savai‘i
|
Scientific Name |
Common Names (abridged) |
Family |
Habit |
| *Antigonon leptopus | English: Mexican creeper, mountain rose, Confederate vine, chain-of-love, hearts on a chain, love-vine, coral bells, coral vine, queen’s jewels, kadena de amor, corallita | Polygonaceae | vine |
| Ardisia elliptica | English: shoebutton ardisia; Other: togo vao (Samoa) | Myrsinaceae | shrub |
| Arundo donax | English: giant reed, Spanish reed, wild cane; Other: fiso palagi (Samoa) | Poaceae | grass |
| *Asparagus densiflorus | English: asparagus fern, sprengeri fern, smilax, regal fern | Liliaceae | herb |
| Asystasia gangetica | English: Chinese violet, Philippine violet, coromandel | Acanthaceae | herb |
| English: blanket grass, carpetgrass | Poaceae | grass | |
| Bambusa spp. | English: bamboo; Other: ‘ofe, ‘ofe Fiti, ‘ofe palagi (Samoa) | Poaceae | tree |
| English: purple orchid tree; purple butterfly tree | Fabaceae | tree | |
| English: orchid tree; mountain ebony | Fabaceae | tree | |
| Calotropis gigantea | English: calotrope, crown flower, madar | Ascelepiadaceae | shrub |
| Carludovica palmata | English: Panama hat plant | Cyclanthaceae | shrub |
| Centrosema pubescens | English: centro, butterfly-pea | Fabaceae | herb |
| Cestrum nocturnum | English: night-flowering cestrum, night-flowering jasmine, queen (or lady) of the night; Other: teine o le po, ali‘i o le po (American Samoa and Samoa) | Solanaceae | shrub |
| Chamaecrista nictitans | English: partridge pea, Japanese tea senna | Fabaceae | shrub |
| Clerodendrum chinense | English: Honolulu rose, stickbush, glory bower; Other: losa Honolulu, losa Onolulu (American Samoa and Samoa) | Verbenaceae | shrub |
| Clitoria ternatea | English: butterfly pea, Asian pigeonwings | Fabaceae | vine |
| *Coccinia grandis | English: ivy gourd, scarlet-fruited gourd | Cucurbitaceae | vine |
| *Coffea arabica | English: coffee; Other: kofe (Samoa) | Rubiaceae | tree |
| Commelina diffusa | English: commelina, dayflower, wandering Jew, spiderwort; Other: mau‘u toga, mau‘u Tonga (American Samoa and Samoa) | Commelinaceae | herb |
| Cuscuta campestris | English: golden dodder, field dodder, five-angled dodder | Cuscutaceae | vine |
| Derris malaccensis | English: New Guinea creeper; Other: ‘ava niukini (American Samoa and Samoa) | Fabaceae | vine |
| Desmodium tortuosum | English: Florida beggarweed, Spanish clover, dixie ticktrefoil | Fabaceae | herb |
| Digitaria violascens | English: smooth crabgrass, violet crabgrass | Poaceae | grass |
| Eichhornia crassipes | English: water hyacinth | Pontederiaceae | aquatic herb |
| Epipremnum pinnatum cv. 'Aureum' | English: pothos, money plant | Araceae | vine |
| Falcataria moluccana | English: Molucca albizia; Other: tamaligi palagi (American Samoa); tamaligi paepae (Samoa) | Fabaceae | tree |
| English: banyan, Indian banyan, vada tree; Other: pulu (Samoa) | Moraceae | tree | |
| English: weeping fig, baka, Java fig, weeping fig, Benjamin tree | Moraceae | tree | |
| Flemingia strobilifera | English: luck plant, wild hops | Fabaceae | shrub |
| Gliricidia sepium | English: mother of cacao, quickstick, Mexican lilac | Fabaceae | tree |
| *Grevillea robusta | English: silk oak, silky oak, he oak, silver oak, spider flower | Proteaceae | tree |
| Hedychium flavescens | English: yellow ginger, cream ginger; Other: teuila (American Samoa and Samoa) | Zingiberaceae | herb |
| Hemigraphis alternata | English: metal leaf; red ivy; Other: suipi (American Samoa and Samoa) | Acanthaceae | herb |
| Ipomoea aquatica | English: aquatic morning glory, swamp cabbage, water spinach, ung-choi, kang kong; Other: lili vai (Samoa) | Convolvulaceae | aquatic herb |
| Jatropha curcas | English: physic nut, purging nut, Barbados nut; Other: laupata (Samoa) | Euphorbiaceae | shrub |
| Kyllinga brevifolia | English: green kyllinga, green water sedge; Other: tuise (Samoa) | Cyperaceae | sedge |
| *Ligustrum spp. | English: privet | Oleaceae | shrubs/small trees |
| Macroptilium atropurpureum | English: siratro, purple bushbean | Fabaceae | herb |
| *Murraya paniculata | English: orange jessamine, satin-wood, Chinese box, Hawaiian mock orange | Rutaceae | shrub/tree |
| *Nymphaea spp. | English: water lily | Nymphaeaceae | herb |
| Paspalum dilatatum | English: paspalum, dallis grass, water grass | Poaceae | grass |
| English: yellow granadilla, belle apple, yellow water-lemon; Other: pasio vao (Samoa) | Passifloraceae | vine | |
| English: sweet granadilla, yellow passionfruit; French: granadille, grenadille douce, barbadine | Passifloraceae | vine | |
| Passiflora suberosa | English: wild passionfruit, devil's pumpkin, indigo berry, corky passionflower, corkstem passionflower | Passifloraceae | vine |
| Pennisetum purpureum | English: elephant grass, napier grass, merker grass; Other: vao povi (Samoa) | Poaceae | grass |
| Psidium cattleianum | English: strawberry guava, cherry guava, Cattley guava, Chinese guava; Other: ku‘ava (Samoa) | Myrtaceae | tree |
| Saccharum spontaneum | English: wild cane, false sugarcane; Other: vao tolo (Samoa) | Poaceae | grass |
| Sanchezia speciosa | English: sanchezia. | Acanthaceae | shrub |
| *Schefflera actinophylla | English: octopus tree, umbrella tree, ivy palm | Araliaceae | tree |
| *Schefflera arboricola | English: dwarf brassia, dwarf schefflera, Hawaiian elf schefflera | Araliaceae | shrub |
| Setaria palmifolia | English: palmgrass, short pitpit, hailans pitpit, broadleaved bristlegrass; Other: vao ‘ofe‘ofe (Samoa) | Poaceae | grass |
| Solanum torvum | English: prickly solanum, devil's fig, turkeyberry, terongan; Other: lapiti (Samoa) | Solanaceae | shrub |
| Spathodea campanulata | English: African tulip tree, fireball, fountain tree; Other: fa‘apasi (Samoa) | Bignoniaceae | tree |
| Sporobolus indicus | English: smutgrass, wiregrass, Indian dropseed; Other: fisihina (Tonga) | Poaceae | grass |
| Syzygium jambos | English: malabar plum, rose apple, Malay apple; Other: seasea papalagi (Samoa) | Myrtaceae | tree |
| Thunbergia alata | English: black-eyed susan vine | Acanthaceae | vine |
| English: Bengal trumpet, blue trumpet vine, clock vine, skyvine, large-flowerd thunbergia; Other: palulu (Samoa) | Acanthaceae | vine | |
| English: purple allamanda, laurel-leaved thunbergia, laurel clock vine | Acanthaceae | vine | |
| Tibouchina urvilleana | English: glorybush, lasiandra, princess flower | Melastomataceae | herb |
*Cultivated
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revised 22 April 2006